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김상석 ( Sang Seok Kim ),홍태윤 ( Yun Tae Hong ),나윤채 ( Yun Chae Na ),박종서 ( Jong Seo Park ),이재덕 ( Jae Duck Lee ),문용주 ( Yong Ju Moon ),하유신 ( Yu Shin Ha ) 한국농업기계학회 2016 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.2
농기계 분야는 과거에 비해 상당한 기술적 발전을 이루었다. 논 농업의 경우 이에 이용되는 트랙터는 PTO 축을 활용하여 다양한 농작업을 수행할 수 있고, 친환경 엔진을 개발하여 유해물질의 배출을 줄이는 단계까지 발전하였다. 그에 비해 밭농업은 기계화의 진행이 매우 더딘 상황이며, 배추 결속 작업은 아직도 농민이 결속끈을 이용하여 직접 손으로 배추를 결구 하고 있는 상황이다. 본 연구는 배추를 재배하는 농민의 근골격계 부담을 줄일 수 있도록 하고, 작업 시간을 단축하여 인력난에 시달리는 농업인에게 기여하는 것이 목적이다. 일반적으로 결속기는 덩굴성 작물의 유인작업이나 지주대가 꼭 필요한 작물의 줄기 결속작업에 사용하는 기구로서 주로 토마토, 가지, 고추, 포도, 오이 등에 이용되고 있다. 원예용 결속기는 롤테이프식 결속끈을 끈지지대와 힌지식 손잡이를 이용하여 결구한 후 결속날로 결속끈을 커팅하여 결속작업을 하는 방식이다. 이 방식은 기구적으로 작물의 줄기를 결속하기 때문에 지름이 큰 원통형 배추의 결속에는 적합하지 않는 방식이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 배추 결구를 위해 배추 결속 기구를 개발하는 것으로 본체에 해당하는 프레임부와 결속부는 원예용 결속기(조남선, 2007)의 원리를 응용하였고, 배추의 겉잎을 들어 올리는 리프팅 장치를 추가 설계하였다. 배추의 겉잎을 들어올리기 위한 리프팅 장치는 배추의 겉잎을 감싸고 결속기 내부로 유도할 수 있도록 유도끈이 늘어나고 줄어들도록 나선형 태엽방식의 유도끈과 이를 지지할 수 있는 지지대로 구성하였다. 배추가 결속 기구 안으로 들어오면 지지대는 배추의 겉잎을 감싸 들어 올리며 유도끈은 지지대의 쳐짐을 방지하여 완전한 결구를 유도한 후 커팅하여 결속되도록 제작하였다. 이러한 과정으로 결속 작업의 신뢰성과 작업 능률을 크게 향상시킬 수 있으며, 배추의 손실 또한 최소화 할 수 있다는 이점도 있다. 개발된 배추 결속기구를 이용해 배추결속의 시간을 절약하고 필요한 노동력을 줄일 수 있었다. 제작한 배추결속기는 모형으로 제작하였기 때문에 실제 배추의 크기에 맞게 제작하기 위한 과정이 필요하며, 실제 크기 배추결속기로 작업 시 손목에 피로를 누적을 완화하기 위한 경량화에 대한 추가 연구가 필요하다.
한국인 결절홍반, 경화홍반 환자들의 IGRA 양성률 조사
김강수 ( Kang Su Kim ),김상석 ( Sang Seok Kim ),김철우 ( Chul Woo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회지 Vol.58 No.1
Background: Erythema nodosum (EN) and erythema induratum (EI) are similar inflammatory diseases of the lower extremities. Several factors (infections, drug hypersensitivity, inflammatory diseases, etc.) have been suggested as the cause of these diseases. Among them is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. However, there is still a lack of evidence supporting this finding. Objective: This study aimed to confirm whether Korean patients with EN/EI will exhibit positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results and determine the association of these disease with tuberculosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and IGRA test results of 62 patients (46 with EN and 16 with EI). Results: A total of 22 of 44 EN patients (50%) had positive IGRA test results, except for two with “undetermined” results, and 12 of 16 EI patients (75%) had positive test results. This result was higher than that of the control group (15.5%, 292/1887) and showed a statistically significant difference (each p=0.000). Moreover, the proportion of EI patients with positive test results was higher than that of patients with severe psoriasis (35.6%, 112/315; p=0.001). Among EN/EI patients with positive IGRA test results, those treated with antituberculosis therapy (HREZ) showed good response rate. The response rate was 85.7% (6/7) for patients with EN and 90% (9/10) for those with EI. Conclusion: High IGRA positivity was found in Korean EN/EI patients. This finding suggests a significant association between these diseases and tuberculosis. (Korean J Dermatol 2020;58(1):14∼19)
Symposium 7-4 (SYP 7-4) : Photoprotection and sunscreen
김상석 ( Sang Seok Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2
With increased attention to physical fitness and outdoor recreational activities, daily exposure to sunlight is common. Although sun exposure may have beneficial effects such as mood elevation and vitamin D3 photosynthesis, unwanted effects are well known. Acute effect of sun exposure include sunburn and delayed tanning. Chronic sun exposure is strongly associated with photoaging, actinic keratoses, and squamous cell carcinaoma. Intermittent sun exposure is associated with basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Complete avoidance of sun exposure is neither necessary nor practical, nor will it be accepted by the general public. As such, behavioral modification of seeking shade during peak UVB hours of 10AM to 2PM and the use of photoprotective measures such as sunscreen, clothing, wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses and when appropriate, intake of vitamin D supplements, have become the public health message to deliver. Sunscreen is a topical product that absorbs or reflects some of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin exposed to sunlight and thus helps protect against sunburn. Sunscreen use can help prevent melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma, two types of skin cancer. There is little evidence that it is effective in preventing basal cell carcinoma. A 2013 study concluded that the diligent, everyday application of sunscreen can slow or temporarily prevent the development of wrinkles and sagging skin. By definition SPF is the ratio of minimal erythema dose (MED) of a subject’s sunscreen-protected skin over the MED of the unprotected skin. SPF is a reflection of protection against the biologic effect of UVB and to a lesser extent, UVA2 (320-340nm). As to UVA, the persistent pigment darkening (PPD) method is a method of measuring UVA protection, similar to the SPF method of measuring sunburn protection. Instead of measuring erythema or reddening of the skin, the PPD method uses UVA radiation to cause a persistent darkening or tanning of the skin. The ratio is then expressed as the UVA protection factor (UVA-PF). Theoretically, a sunscreen with a PPD rating of 10 should allow a person 10 times as much UVA exposure as would be without protection.
반응 용탕단조한 (Al2O3 SiO2+Ni) / Al 하이브리드 금속복합재료의 제조 및 특성
김상석,박익민,김성준,최일동 ( Sang Suk Kim,Ik Min Park,Sung Joon Kim,Il Dong Choi ) 한국주조공학회 1997 한국주조공학회지 Vol.17 No.4
N/A Mechanical properties of (10%Al₂O₃·SiO₂+5%Ni)/Al hybrid composites fabricated by the reaction squeeze casting were compared with those of (15%Al₂O₃·SiO₂)/Al composites. Al-Ni intertmetallic compounds (10-20㎛) formed by the reaction between nickel powder and molten aluminum were uniformly distributed in the Al matrix. These intermetallic compounds were identified as Al₃Ni using X-ray diffraction analysis and they resulted in beneficial effects on room and high temperature strength and wear resistance. Microhardness values of (10%Al₂O₃·SiO₂+5%Ni)/Al hybrid composite were greater by about 100Hv than those of (15%Al₂O₃·SiO₂)/Al composite. Wear resistance of (10%Al₂O₃·SiO₂+5%Ni)/Al hybrid composites was superior to that of (15%Al₂O₃·SiO₂)/Al composites regardless of the applied load. While tensile and yield strength of (10Al₂O₃·SiO₂+5%Ni)/Al hybrid composites were greater at room temperature and 300℃, strength drop at high temperature was much smaller in hybrid composites.
항공기용 전기-정유압식 작동기(Dual Redundant Asymmetric Tandem EHA)의 열특성 예측을 위한 연구
김상석,박형준,김대연,김대현,김상범,이준원,최종윤,Kim, Sang Seok,Park, Hyung Jun,Kim, Daeyeon,Kim, Dae Hyun,Kim, Sang Beom,Lee, Junwon,Choi, Jong Yoon 항공우주시스템공학회 2022 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.16 No.3
The electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) recently has been used in flight control fields for aircraft because of its benefits of minimizing oil leakage and weight, improving safety, and etc. while independently operating the hydraulic power source and eliminating complex hydraulic piping. The aircraft of which EHA is installed inside, has the thermal management issue of EHA, because of its limited cooling source as compared with the aircraft which installs the traditional central hydraulic system. So, the thermal analysis model which predicts the thermal characteristics of EHA, is required to resolve this thermal management issue. In this study, an oil circulation circuit inside the hydraulic power module comprised of hydraulic pump and electrical motor for EHA was applied. This is for the purpose of developing the internal rotary group of hydraulic power module, which operates under the conditions of high rotation speed and hydraulic pressure. After formulating an appropriate thermal analysis model, the thermal analysis results with oil cooled or no oil cooled hydraulic control module were compared and reviewed, for the purpose of predicting the thermal characteristics of EHA.