신라 박씨왕 시대의 왕실 세력과 신분 편성

김병곤(Kim, Byoung-gon) 한국고대사탐구학회 2018 한국고대사탐구 Vol.28 No.-

신라 건국 초기에는 시조 朴赫居世를 포함해 박씨 성을 가진 7명의 왕이 존재하였다. 초기 기사를 불신하는 연구자들은 박씨 왕족의 존재를 인정하지 않기도 한다. 그러나 『국사』를 편찬케 했던 眞興王이 김씨였음에도 불구하고, 시조 혁거세가 박씨였고 건국 초기 총 7명의 박씨 왕들이 재위하였다는 행적이 고려시대까지 전승되었다. 이는 후대 김씨 왕족과 구별되는 혈통을 가진 시조와 후예 왕들이 실재하였고 이러한 사실을 신라인들이 분명히 전승시켰던 결과였다. 박혁거세는 육촌민의 추대로 즉위하여 왕권을 안정적으로 유지하기에 독자 세력이 미약하였다. 이에 2대왕 南解는 선진 철제기술을 지닌 석씨 집단과 혼인하여, 육촌의 영향력을 희석시키며 독자 세력 확장을 도모했다. 또 3대왕 儒理는 왕비의 아버지를 葛文王으로 책봉해 왕비 가계의 권위를 증대시켰다. 4대 왕으로 석씨 왕족의 시조 脫解가 즉위하였다. 탈해 역시 독자세력의 확보를 위해 새로 유입된 김씨 집단과 결탁하였다. 5대왕인 유리왕의 2자 婆娑는 김씨 史省부인과 혼인해 석씨 왕족과 김씨 집단의 밀착을 약화시키며 김씨에 대한 왕실 영향력을 확산시켰다. 파사왕의 적자인 6대왕 祗麽도 김씨 愛禮부인과 혼인하고 그녀의 아버지 마제를 갈문왕으로 책봉하였다. 파사왕과 지마왕은 김씨 집단과 거듭된 혼인을 통해 지지세력의 확산과 왕실 권위를 고양시켰다. 반면 유리왕의 장자 逸聖이 7대 왕으로 박씨 □禮부인과 혼인했고, 그의 장자 阿達羅가 8대 왕으로 박씨 內禮부인과 혼인하였다. 일성왕과 아달라왕은 족내혼을 통해 박씨 왕족 자체의 응집력을 강화하였다. 이러한 박씨왕 재위기 斯盧國의 신분 편성을 보자. 우선 혁거세의 박씨 왕족과 남해왕의 사위로 왕위에 오른 석탈해와 그 일족 그리고 박씨 왕과 거듭 혼인 관계를 맺으며 갈문왕에 책봉된 김씨 가계 등이 왕실을 구성하였다. 그리고 상층 지배집단으로 박씨 왕족의 방계 혈족 그리고 혁거세를 추대해 사로국을 건국하는데 큰 영향력을 행사한 육촌장과 그 일족 및 누대에 걸쳐 왕의 측근으로 요직을 수행한 瓠公일가와 같은 인물이 위치하였다. 그리고 명확한 계층 분화가 확인되지 않지만, 육촌장의 방계 후손이나 각 촌에 소속된 마을의 장 등이 중하위 계층으로써 일반민과 구별되는 신분층으로 존재했을 것이다. In the early days of Silla, There were seven kings whose name was Park including the founder of dynasty Hyeoggeose(赫居世). Some researchers deny the presence of Park king. Even though king Jinheung(眞興王) who compiled ‘Gugsa(國史)’ was Kim, the act of 7 king’s region was Handed down to the Goryeo Dynasty. This means that there was fathers and kings who distinct with Kim king and This is result of Silla people’s spread. As you can see from six village people recommendation of Parkhyeoggeose’s power was weak. Second king Namhae(南解王) weakend six village people’s influence by make son in row with Seogtalhae(昔脫解) who had advanced iron skill. Third king Yuri(儒理王) made queen’s father Galmoonwang(葛文王) to made queen family powerful. Fourth king was Seog founder Talhae. Talhae also conspired with Kim’s group to made more powers. The second son of Yuri and fifth king Pasa(婆娑王) married with Kim sasoung(史省) the Seok king and Kim group was weakend so the Kim could have more powers. The sixth king Zima(祗麽王) of Pasa son also married with Kim aere(愛禮) and made her father Galmoonwang. Pasa and Zima could power up supportive force and royal authority. But Yuri son Ilsung(逸聖) seventh king married with Park □rae(□禮) and his son Adalla(阿達羅) eighth king married with Park naerae(內禮). Ilsung king and Adala king reinforced cohesion by family wedding. As you can see from the Park king times Saroguk(斯盧國) identity formation. Park family and Seoktalhae’s family and Kim family Constituted a royal family. And There was dominant group which was six village headman and Hogong(瓠公) family. There is no clear stratification but there was six village headman’s descendent and village leader who was low level than public.

국내 기업의 인트라넷 수용특성에 관한 실증적 연구

김병곤,박순창,김진화,김종욱,Kim, Byung-Gon,Park, Soon-Chang,Kim, Jin-Hwa,Kim, Jong-Uk 한국경영정보학회 2003 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.13 No.4

Individual adoption and sustained usage of information technology(IT) are crucial prerequisites for exploiting IT as integral components of organizational work. Previous studies on technology adoption in workplace suggest that acceptance behavior is influenced by a variety of factors such as individual differences, social influences, beliefs, attitudes, and situational influences. In this paper, we introduce a research model to predict the usage behavior of intranet in workplace and also explain the causal relationships among variables. Based on the survey of 333 intranet users, this study uses structural equation model with LISREL 8.12. This study suggests several major results from surveys and analysis from them. Perceived use is influenced by intranet experience, task equivocality, organizational support, and perceived ease of use, Experience and organizational support determine perceived ease of use. Task equivocality, task interdependence, and organizational support have positive effects on subjective norm. On the other hand, present usage, which is a dependent variable in this model, is influenced by perceived use, experience, task interdependence, and organizational support.

화산쇄설암 사면의 안정 특성

김병곤,박성권,최길현,백승철,Kim. Byoung-Gon,Park. Sung-Kwon,Choi. Kil-Hyun,Baek. Seung-Cheol 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1

In this paper, it discusses about the stability of rock slope of pyroclastic rock, which can easily meet at construction site. Basically carry out the investigation about the development of a surface of discontinuity, too. With that, it refers to the basic groups of sedimentary rock, treats of general details about investigation of rock slope and stability analysis, and discusses general characteristics and stability analysis case study about rock slope of pyroclastic rock. Achieved basic geological investigation on rock slope of pyroclasic rock, and examine the stability of slope by doing limit equilibrium and geometric stability analysis due to the result of investigation. It is considered to be able to accumulate many data about slope design of pyroclastic rock hereafter estimating degrees of rock mass properties of pyroclastic rock quantitatively.

데이터 웨어하우징의 구현특성요인과 품질간의 관계에 관한 실증적 연구

김병곤,Kim, Byung-Gon 한국정보기술전략혁신학회 2005 情報學硏究 Vol.8 No.3

The IT implementation literature suggests that various implementation factors play critical roles in the success of an information system; however, there is little empirical research about the implementation of data warehousing has unique characteristics that may impact the importance of factors that apply to it. in this study, a cross-sectional survey investigated a model of data warehousing success. Data warehousing managers and data suppliers from 51 organizations completed paired mail questionnaires on implementation factors and the success of the warehouse. The results from a regression analysis of the data identified relationships between the system quality and data quality factors and perceived net benefits. It was found that management support and resources help to address organizational issues that arise during warehouse implementations, resources, user participation, and highly-skilled project team members increase the likelihood that warehousing projects will finish on-time, on-budget, with the right functionality; and diverse, unstandardized source systems and poor development technology will increase the technical issues that project teams must overcome. The implementation's success with organizational and project issues, in turn, influence the system quality of the data warehouse; however, data quality is best explained by factors not included in the research model.

요통환자의 작업자세에 따른 요천추부 각도의 비교

김병곤,박래준,이승주,Kim, Byung-Gon,Park, Rae-Joon,Yi, Seung-Ju 대한물리치료학회 2001 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Low back pain is significant problem in today's society, with lifetime incidence rate reported between 50% and 90%. Many factors associated with LBP are reported. The purpose of this studies were to be evaluated static standing posture aberrations in chronic LBP in comparison with healthy individuals. The samples including 80 subjects recruited to the following two groups:patients and control(normal) Questionnaires were completed by 40 LBP patients and 40 controls at the department of Physical Therapy, Saejong neurosurgical clinic in Taegu city from October 1, 1999 to March 30, 2000. The angle of lumbar lordosis was measured on lateral x-ray films with standing position. In LBP groups. the mean degree of lumbar lordosis, sacral inclination, and lumbosacral joint angle were 29.9 ${\pm}$ 9.3, 34.8 ${\pm}$ 8.2, and 12.7 ${\pm}$ 5.7 respectively. Control groups, the mean degree of lumbar lordosis, sacral inclination and lumbosacral joint angle were 35.3 ${\pm}$ 7.8, 34.9 ${\pm}$ 6.4 and 12.5 ${\pm}$ 4.3 respectively. there were significantly decreaseds in lumbar lordosis in Low back pain group. lumbar lordosis on the working posture had significant differences among groups(sitting position patients 31.4 ${\pm}$ 9.3, standing position patients 29.4 ${\pm}$ 9.3, sitting position control 35.0 ${\pm}$ 6.4, standing position control 35.5 ${\pm}$ 8.8, respectively) (p=0.034). sacral inclination on the working posture had differences among groups(sitting position patients 35.9 ${\pm}$ 8.7.standing position patients 33.6 ${\pm}$ 7.6, sitting position control 33.9 ${\pm}$ 5.9. standing position control 35.6 ${\pm}$ 6.8, respectively). lumbersacral joint angle on the working Posture had differences among groups(sitting position patients 12.0 ${\pm}$ 5.6, standing position patients 13.4 ${\pm}$ 5.9, sitting position control 11.2 ${\pm}$ 3.0. standing position control 13.4$^{\circ}$, respectively).

三國時代 中央集權的 王權의 登場에 따른 支配理念의 採擇

金炳坤(Kim Byong-Gon) 한국사연구회 2002 한국사연구 Vol.117 No.-

In the dissertation. I could explain about Buddhism which enhanced the King power accumulation during the Shilla kingdom in contrast with Koguryu(高句麗) and Pyekche(百濟) cases. Koguryu had used the worship of God of Heaven(天神信仰) show the meaning of the son of heaven(天帝之子ㆍ皇天之子) from some inscription on stone monument as a tool of royal authority. On the while, Pyekche had tried to change the traditional beliefs that sacrifice for the heaven and the mother earth(祭天祀地) into more sophisticated foreign religions such as Buddhism(佛敎) and Confucianism(儒敎) to create King-orientated national building enterprise with transfer the capital at two times. The Kings of Shilla had targeted Buddhism as a national religion. Also. Shill a had filled insufficient aspects of Buddhism into Confucianism (儒敎). Therefore, Kim's clan of Shilla had achieved their royal power through Buddhism-oriented system during Mid-ancient time. For example. King Chin-heung(眞興). King Chin-pyong(眞平). and Empress Chun-deukr (善德) had cemented and enlarged Buddhism through all aspect and in the way of life to enhance their royal leadership. Finally. I insist that. in the ancient state building time. the will of power elites and Kings. and time. space of each nation respectively. should determine and effect the unique patterns of each national building course. And in the case of Shilla. above all. the will and the many different sophisticate policies to catch Buddhist thought in order to build the royal authority was much more important factor than any other external factors such as religion itself and its mechanical sophisticating system.

A Pilot Study of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Using an Endoscopic Assistive Robot in a Porcine Stomach Model

김병곤,Hyuk Soon Choi,Sei Hoon Park,Jun Ho Hong,Jung Min Lee,Seung Han Kim,Hoon Jai Chun,Daehie Hong,Bora Keum 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.4

Background/Aims: Endoscopic assistive devices have been developed to reduce the complexity and improve the safety of surgeries involving the use of endoscopes. We developed an assistive robotic arm for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and evaluated its efficiency and safety in this in vitro pilot study. Methods: ESD was performed using an auxiliary transluminal endoscopic robot. An in vitro test bed replicating the intra-abdominal environment and pig stomachs were used for the experiment. Participants were divided into skilled operators and unskilled operators. Each group performed ESD 10 times by using both conventional and robot-assisted methods. The perforation incidence, operation time, and resected mucous membrane size were measured. Results: For the conventional method, significant differences were noted between skilled and unskilled operators regarding operation time (11.3 minutes vs 26.7 minutes) and perforation incidence (0/10 vs 6/10). Unskilled operators showed a large decrease in the perforation incidence with the robot-assisted method (conventional method vs robot-assisted method, 6/10 vs 1/10). However, the operation time did not differ between the conventional and robotassisted methods. On the other hand, skilled operators did not show differences in the operation time and perforation incidence between the conventional and robot-assisted methods. Among both skilled and unskilled operators, the operation time decreased with the robot-assisted method as the experiment proceeded. Conclusions: The surgical safety of unskilled operators greatly improved with robotic assistance. Thus, our assistive robotic arm was beneficial for ESD. Our findings suggest that endoscopic assistive robots have positive effects on surgical safety.

트레드밀 보행시 경사도와 속도에 따른 체간근육과 대퇴사두근의 근활동성 분석

김병곤,공원태,정연우,Kim, Byoung-Gon,Gong, Won-Tae,Jung, Yean-Woo 대한정형도수물리치료학회 2007 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the activities of muscles importantly functioning when walking with different inclinations and speeds of a treadmill, in order to provide basic data on walking exercise using a treadmill. Method: The selected subjects of this study were 16 men and women who had lower extremity injury. A treadmill was used to provide the activation of muscle, and the electromyography was used to analyze the muscle activity variables. The Biodex was used to measure the value of maximum isometric contraction. The inclinations of the treadmill were 0%, 5% and 10%, respectively, and its speeds were 2Km/h. 3Km/h, 4Km/h, 5Km/h, and 6Km/h, respectively. Result: For quadriceps femoris muscle and trunk muscle, there were significant differences in muscle activity when different speeds were applied at 0%, 5% and 10% inclinations.(p<0.05) The activity of vastus medialis muscle was 9.78% at 0% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 9.32% at 0% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of erector spinae muscle was 24.93% at 0% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 24.84% at 0% inclination and 3km/h, whereas it was 23.99% at 0% inclination and 4km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of vastus medialis muscle was 11.89% at 10% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 10.65% at 10% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of rectus femoris muscle was 10.26% at 10% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 9.77% at 10% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. Conclusion: It was found that the activities of trunk muscle and quadriceps femoris muscle increase as the inclination and the speed of a treadmill increase during treadmill walking.

RDF 문서의 키워드검색 서비스를 위한 리소스와 속성을 고려한 인덱싱 구조

김병곤,Kim, Byung-Gon 한국정보과학회 2005 정보과학회논문지 : 기술교육 Vol.2 No.1

빠른 속도로 증가하는 인터넷 사용자의 요구를 만족시키기 위하여 RDF와 같은 메타데이터 기술 언어들에 대한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. RDF는 인터넷 정보자원들 간의 연관성과 의미가 표현 가능하도록 하여 차원 높은 정보의 표현과 검색이 가능하도록 한다. RDF의 이러한 이점 때문에 XML을 기반으로 구현되고 있는 많은 인터넷 응용들에 대한 RDF로의 변환에 대한 대비가 필요한 시점이다. 본 논문에서는 XML과 RDF에 대한 개념 및 차이점을 소개하고 인터넷상에서 가장 많이 발생하는 키워드 검색을 효율적으로 처리하기 위하여, RDF 문서에 대한 인덱싱 기법을 제안하였다. RDF문서에 대한 질의 중에서 키워드에 대한 검색의 결과로 리소스를 반환하는 경우를 고려하여 리소스를 중심으로 한 인덱스 구조를 제안하였으며, 검색의 결과로 리소스의 속성을 반환하는 경우를 대비하여 속성 중심의 인덱스 구조를 제안하였다. 이는 리소스/속성/값으로 반복되는 RDF의 기본 구조를 고려하여 구성한 것이며, 다양한 질의 유형에 능동적으로 적용가능 할 수 있도록 하였다. To satisfy Internet user's request increasing at the fast speed, study about metadata technology languages such as RDF is proceeded much. RDF can express relation and meaning between internet information resources. Therefore, intellectual information expression and search can be serviced. Because of these advantages of RDF, conversion of a lot of Internet XML applications to RDF is necessary In this paper, concept and difference about XML and RDF is introduced and indexing technique for efficient processing of keyword search that happen in the Internet in RDF is suggested. We proposed resource centered index structure considering occasion that return resources as a result of search about keyword among question for RDF document, and proposed property-centered-index-structure considering occasion that return attributes of resources. Proposed technique considers efficient use of basis structure of RDF that is repeated by resources/property/value.

관리특성과 조직특성이 EDI 구현에 미치는 상호작용 효과 분석

김병곤,정영수,Kim, Byung-Gon,Chung, Young-Soo 한국경영정보학회 2003 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.13 No.2

There have been quite many studies to identify factors affecting successful implementation of EDI systems. However, previous studies have investigated influencing factors independently. Given the complexity involved in the implementation of EDI systems, it might be quite necessary to investigate the interaction effects between influencing factors. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction effects of organizational characteristics as contextual variables on the relationship between managerial characteristics and EDI implementation. Analysis of 202 responses of survey questionnaire indicates the following: 1) Education/training and top management support has positive effect on the successful EDI implementation. 2) The degree of decentralization has strong, and management risk position has mild moderating effect on the relationship between managerial characteristics and EDI implementation. 3) The degree of formalization and organizational size have no moderating effect. 4) The subgroup analysis, conducted to determine the exact nature of interaction effect, reveals that the relationship between managerial characteristics and EDI implementation is significantly stronger with a high level of decentralization or management risk position than with a low level.