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계분을 원료로 한 퇴비의 퇴비화 과정 중 동물용 항생물질 농도저감
권순익(Soon-Ik Kwon),장연아(Yeon-A Jang),김계훈(Kye-Hoon Kim),김민경(Kye-Hoon Kim),정구복(Goo-Bok Jung),홍성창(Seung-Chang Hong),채미진(Mi-Jin Chae),소규호(Kyu-Ho So),김권래(Kwon-Rae Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.4
Release of veterinary antibiotics (VSs) to agricultural environment through application of animal manure and/or animal manure-based composts to soils is of concern. The current study was conducted to examine decline of VAs during composting the chicken manure. For this, antibiotics free chicken manure (20 ㎏) and sawdust (10 ㎏) were added to the bench-scale composting apparatus and then the mixed material was spiked simultaneously with three VAs (chlortetracycline, CTC; sulfamethazine, SMZ; tylosin, TYL) at two different levels (10 and 20 ㎎ ㎏?¹). Then the decline of VAs was determined using Charm Ⅱ system during 53 composting period. For comparison, composting only chicken manure was included at VAs concentration of 10 ㎎ ㎏?¹. During composting, the concentration of all three different VAs declined below the prospective guideline values (0.8 ㎎ ㎏?¹ for CTC, 0.2 ㎎ ㎏?¹ for SMZ, and 1.0 ㎎ ㎏?¹ for TYL) except CTC at 20 ㎎ ㎏?¹ spiking when the chicken manure was composted together with sawdust. Interestingly, CTC at 10 ㎎ ㎏?¹ spiking appeared to be declined under the guideline value without sawdust while SMZ was resistant to be declined without sawdust. Unlike CTC and SMZ, TYL showed immediate decline right after spiking TYL to composting materials regardless the spiking concentration and existence of sawdust. Appropriate composting procedure of chicken manure was able to decline the residual VAs in the manure below the prospective guideline value and the importance of organic substances on this decline was perceived.
유기성 폐기물 장기시용 후 토양에서 무 (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)의 중금속 흡수
권순익(Soon-Ik Kwon),장연아(Yeon-Ah Jang),김계훈(Kye-Hoon Kim),정구복(Goo-Bok Jung),김민경(Min-Kyeong Kim),황해(Hae Hwang),채미진(Mi-Jin Chae),김권래(Kwon-Rae Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.1
This study was carried out to understand the long-term effects of organic waste treatments on the fate of heavy metals in soils originated from the organic wastes and consequent uptake of heavy metals by plant, together with examination of changes in soil properties and plant growth performance. In this study, the soils treated with three different organic wastes (municipal sewage sludge, alcohol fermentation processing sludge, pig manure compost) at three different rates (12.5, 25.0, 50.0 ton ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) for 7 years (1994 - 2000) were used. To see the long-term effect, plant growth study and soil examination were conducted twice in 2000 and 2010, respectively. There was no additional treatments of organic wastes for 10 years after the organic waste treatment for 7 years. Compared to plant growth examination conducted in 2000 using radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari), it appeared that height, root length and diameter, fresh weight of radish grown in 2010 decreased in the plots treated with municipal sewage sludge and alcohol fermentation processing sludge and that the extent of decrease was higher with increase of sludge application rates. On the other hand, pig compost treatment increased plant height, root length and diameter, fresh weight with increasing application rates. Cu and Pb concentrations in radish root and leaves increased in 2010 compared to those in 2000 while Ni concentrations in root and leaves decreased. Zn concentration was increased only in the soils treated with pig manure compost. Multiple regression analysis among heavy metal species fractions in soils, soil pH, and metal concentrations in radish root and leaves indicated that the metal uptake by radish was governed mainly by the soil pH and subsequent increase of available heavy metal fractions in soils with organic waste treatments.