스포츠 선호와 참가여부가 스포츠 가치에 미치는 상호작용 효과

김덕진(Deok Jin Kim),양명환(Myung Hwan Yang) 한국체육교육학회 2009 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop and test factorial validation of sport values measure and analysis the interactive effects of sport participation state and preference on perception of sport values among collegiate students. Three hundred and seventy seven university students completed self-administered questionnaire measuring preference, participation state, sport value measure and demographic variables. The major findings were as follows. First, exploratory factor analysis identified 4 factors(i.e., social value, economic value, psychological value, and physical value) and the internal consistency was supported , and evidence for factorial validity of the 4-factor sport value measure through confirmatory factor analysis was found. Second, Two-way analysis of variance results revealed that there were significant interaction effects according to sport preference x participation state in all sub-factor of sport value. Specifically, the perception of sport value according to preference state made no difference in sport non-participation group, while the perception of sport value according to preference state made a difference in the case of sport participation group.

산불대응을 위한 인공지능 시스템 도입을 위한 방안

김덕진 ( Deok-jin Kim ),서민지 ( Min-ji Seo ),박광영 ( Kwang-young Park ) 한국정보처리학회 2023 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.30 No.1

증기터빈 열병합발전에서 열과 전기의 비용배분

김덕진(Deok-Jin Kim) 대한설비공학회 2008 설비공학 논문집 Vol.20 No.9

When various kinds of outputs are produced from a single energy system, the methodology which allocates the common cost to each output cost is very important because it is directly related with the profit and loss of producers and purchasers. In the cost allocation methodology of the heat and the electricity on a cogeneration, there are energy method, work method, proportional method, benefit distribution method, exergetic methods, and so on. On the other hand, we have proposed a worth method which can be applied to any system. The definition of this methodology is that the unit cost of a product is proportion to the worth. Where, worth is a certain evaluating basis that can equalize the worth of products. In this study, we applied worth method to a steam-turbine cogeneration which produces 22.2 ㎿ of electricity and 44.4 Gcal/h of heat, and then we allocated 2,578 $/h of co㎜on cost to electricity cost and heat cost. Also, we compared with various cost allocation methods. As the result, we conclude that exergy of various kinds of worth basis evaluates the worth of heat and electricity most reasonably on this system.

HEVC 코덱에서 효율적인 관심영역 암호화

김덕한 ( Deok-han Kim ),김유준 ( Yujun Kim ),김영갑 ( Young-gab Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2023 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.30 No.1

新羅 眞智王代의 王權强化와 彌勒信仰

김덕원(Kim Deok-Won) 한국사학회 2004 史學硏究 Vol.- No.76

Maitreya(彌勒) was believed since the reign of King Beopheung(法興王) when Buddhism was officially accepted but it was from King Jinheung(眞興王) that the faith was regularly established and from King Jinji(眞智王) that it was transmitted in recording.<br/> The figure involved with faith in Maitreya in the reign of King Jinji is Jinjasa(眞慈師). he believed in Maitreya which had a character of traditional faith(傳統信仰). He recommended Misirang(未尸郞) as a Maitreya disciple to King Jinji and made him an elite youth of Hwarangdo(花郞徒).<br/> Misirang has a character of traditional faith, his being expressed as Maitreya indicates that traditional faith in fused into Buddhism, However, Misirang becoming an elite youth complained of the politics of King Jinpyeong(眞平王) and disappeared.<br/> Maitreya becoming popular in the reign of King Jinji resulted from trying to consolidate royal powers, In this process, King Jinji appointed Buddhist priests like Jinjasa, Bojang(寶藏) and Hyejang(慧藏) and pushed for the policies solidifying royal powers with a help of Buddhist influence.

신라 善德王代의 불교정책에 대한 고찰

金德原(Kim, Deok-won) 신라사학회 2014 新羅史學報 Vol.0 No.31

선덕왕은 즉위과정에서 제기된 ‘여왕’에 대한 문제를 불교정책을 추진하면서 해결하려고 하였다. 선덕왕대의 불교정책은 크게 사원의 창건과 건탑을 비롯한 佛事활동과 승려들의 활동을 중심으로 한 새로운 불교사상의 수용이 대표적이라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 선덕왕대의 불교정책은 642년(선덕왕 11)을 기준으로 초기와 후기의 두 시기로 구분할 수 있다. 선덕왕대 초기의 불교정책은 芬皇寺와 靈廟寺(靈妙寺)의 창건과 皇龍寺에서 百高座會를 개최하여 《仁王經》을 강론하였고, 또 度僧을 실시하였다. 그리고 후기의 불교정책은 通度寺의 창건과 皇龍寺九層木塔의 건립, 그리고 도승을 실시하였는데, 이 과정에서 慈藏이 큰 역할을 수행하였다는 특징이 있다. 선덕왕대에는 활발한 불교정책의 영향으로 다른 시대보다도 많은 승려들이 활동하였는데, 그 중에서도 慈藏이 가장 대표적이고, 이 외에 密本ㆍ良志ㆍ惠空ㆍ元曉ㆍ明朗등이 있다. 그리고 이들의 활발한 활동의 결과로 새로운 불교사상이 수용되면서 교단이 확대되는 모습을 보이고 있다. 선덕왕대의 불교정책은 중고기 왕실을 중심으로 추진된 불교정책이 마지막으로 실시되었고, 이후 통일신라시대에 敎學佛敎가 발달하는 기반을 마련하였던 일종의 과도기적인 성격을 띠고 있었던 시기라는데 특징이 있다. 그리고 진덕왕대에는 선덕왕대와는 달리 불교에 대한 기록 대신에 유교와 관련된 기록이 집중적으로 나타나고 있다는 점이 또 다른 특징 중의 하나이다. 이것은 당시 정국운영을 주도하는 세력의 정치적인 이해가 반영된 결과라고 할 수 있으며, 이후 유교적인 정치이념을 추구하였던 신라 中代의 모습을 미리 예측할 수 있는 하나의 지표가 될 수 있다. King Sundeok made an attempt to solve the problem on ‘queen’ raised in the process of ascending the throne by pushing forward policy on Buddhism. The policy of Buddhism in King Sundeok era can be said to typically accept the acceptance of new Buddhistic thought focusing on Buddhist service activities and priests’ activity including foundation of temples and construction of towers. And the policy of Buddhism in King Sundeok can be divided to two periods of the first half and the second half based on 642 year. The policy of Buddhism in early King Sundeok era preached InwangSutra(仁王經) by founding Bunhwangsa Temple(芬皇寺) and Youngmyosa Temple(靈廟寺) holding Backgojwahwei(百高座會) in Hwangyongsa Temple(皇龍寺) and carried out Doseung(度僧) system. And the policy of Buddhism in the latter era founded Tongdosa Temple(通度寺), nine-story wooden Pagoda of Hwangyongsa Temple(皇龍寺九層木塔) and carried out Doseung system, which is characterized by Jajang(慈藏) playing a great role. Due to the influence of active policy of Buddhism in King Sundeok era, more priests acted than other eras, among whom Jajang is the most representative and also Milbon(密本)ㆍYangji(良志)ㆍHyegong(惠空)ㆍWonhyo(元曉)ㆍMyeongrang(明朗) etc. acted. Also as a consequence of their vigorous activities, new Buddhist thought was accepted, which indicated a picture of religious orders expanded.

조선의 상업과 강진

김덕진(Kim, Deok-Jin) 연세대학교 강진다산실학연구원 2015 다산과현대 Vol.8 No.-

조선 안에서 호남(湖南) 사람들의 해상활동이 활발했는데, 그 안에서도 강진(康津) 사람들이 가장 돋보였다. 그것은 좋은 조건의 포구, 제주도(濟州道)와의 가까운 거리, 부속 도서의 보유, 그리고 청해진(淸海鎭) 경영과 같은 역사적 경험 등을 지니고 있었기 때문이었다. 그래서 강진의 포구는 서남해 도서를 오가는 유배객 · 지방관 · 사신이 거처 가는 곳이었다. 이들은 바람을 기다리느라 심지어 한 달 이상을 체류하는 경우도 있었다. 자연히 상품의 소비나 공급이 활발할 수밖에 없었다. 무엇보다 남당포(南塘浦)는 제주도의 문호로써 제주 특산품의 집산지였다. 강진 상인은 제주에 없는 면포와 담배 및 누룩 등을 가지고 제주에 들어가서 양대(凉臺)와 귤 및 미역 등 제주 특산품을 사가지고 나왔다. 강진과 제주를 오가는 선박은 매일 줄을 잇고 있었다. 그래서 강진 상인들은 손쉽게 제주를 드나들며 제주 물건을 사와 강진에서 직접 팔거나 아니면 다시 각지로 다니며 판매하였다. 나오는 제주 상인에 의해서도 제주 특산품은 강진에 집산되었다. 이를 매입하기 위해 서울이나 개성(開城) 기타 지역 상인들이 강진에 운집했고, 그들 중에는 아예 제주로 들어가 매입해 나오기도 했다. 이래저래 강진땅에는 제주 물산뿐만 아니라 전국 특산품이 넘쳐났다. 이것을 강진 상인들은 다시 가지고 경상도 지역으로 나가서 팔고 대신 어물과 소금 등을 가지고 왔다. 결국 조선 상업에서 강진이 차지하는 비중은 매우 높았다. 남북으로 제주와 서울을 연결하고, 동서로 서남해와 동남해를 연결하는 매개처 역할을 했기 때문이다. In Joseon dynasty, merchants from Honam area were active in seaborne commerce, and particularly their commercial activities were most prominent at Gangjin, Honam. They could be active in commerce thanks to good conditions like ports suitable for commercial activities, geographical location near Jeju-do, annexed islands, and the historical experiences of operating Cheonghaejin. Exiles, local governors, and envoys could not help visiting a port at Gangjin to go to islands in the southwestern sea, and sometimes they stayed at Gangjin more than 30 days to wait till the wind calmed down. Accordingly, the consumption and supply of goods had increased at Gangjin. First of all, Namdangpo (a port at Gangjin) was a collecting and distributing center for Jeju-do"s local specialities, while it took a role in opening the door to Jeju-do. In Jeju-do, Gangjin merchants had sold cotton, tobacco, and Nuruk (Korean rice-wine starter), which were not produced in Jeju-do, and they had bought Jeju-do"s local specialities like Yangdae, tangerine, and sea mustard. Ships from Gangjin to Jeju-do were lined up everyday, so it was easy for Gangjin merchants to buy the goods in Jeju-do and then to sell them at Gangjin or in all parts of the country. Jeju-do"s local specialities were also collected at Gangjin by Jeju merchants. To buy Jeju-do"s local specialities, many merchants came to Gangjin from Seoul, Gaeseong, and other regions. Among them, some merchants went to Jeju-do to buy the goods directly there, and then came back to Gangjin. Anyway, Gangjing was full of the whole country"s specialities as well as Jeju-do"s goods. Gangjin merchants had sold the goods in Gyeongsang-do and had bought fishes and salt there. In conclusion, Gangjin had played a major role for commerce in Joseon dynasty, because it acted as an intermediary between Seoul and Jeju from north to south and the one between the southeastern sea and the southwestern sea from east to west.

동종건을 이용한 단일다발 및 이중다발 전방십자인대 재건술의 비교 분석

김덕원,이강,김영우,양상진,서정국,김진구,Kim, Deok-Weon,Lee, Kang,Kim, Young-Woo,Yang, Sang-Jin,Seo, Jeong-Gook,Kim, Jin-Goo 대한관절경학회 2008 대한관절경학회지 Vol.12 No.3

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 동종건을 통한 단일다발 및 이중다발 전방십자인대 재건술의 수술 결과를 관절경적, 방사선학적, 임상적으로 비교 분석하여 이중 다발 재건술의 장점과 문제점을 분석하여 향후 개선점을 도출하는데 있다. 대상 및 방법: 동종건을 이용한 전방십자인대 재건술을 시행 받은 환자들 중 최소 1년 이상의 관찰이 가능하였던 27명의 환자를 대상으로 전후방 전위 정도, Pivot shift 검사, 사두박근 및 슬괵근의 등속성 최대우력, Tegner 활동 점수, IKDC 주관적 점수, 그리고 Lysholm 슬관절 점수를 측정하였고, 술후 1년에서 2년사이에 자기공명영상 및 2차 관절경 검사를 시행하였다. 결과: Lysholm 슬관절 검사는 평균값이 단일다발에서 $87.23{\pm}11.50$, 이중다발에서 $93.36{\pm}9.92$ (p=0.033), IKDC 주관적 검사는 단일다발에서 $80.55{\pm}12.96$, 이중다발에서 $85.91{\pm}13.78$ (p=0.105), Tegner 활동 검사는 단일다발에서 $5.23{\pm}1.36$, 이중다발에서 $6.64{\pm}2.21$ (p=0.048)이었다. Pivot shift검사상 단일다발에서 Grade 0 이 10예, 1+가 1예, 2+가 2예 있었으며, 이중다발에서 Grade 0이 13예, 2+가 1예 있었다. 60도 및 180도에서의 굴곡 및 신전 결손율은 단일다발과 이중다발사이에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 2차관절경 검사 시행상 단일다발에서 우수(excellent)가 6례, 그리고 보통(fair)이 7례 있었다. 이중다발에서는 전내측 다발은 우수가 13예, 보통이 1예, 후외측 다발에서는 우수가 4예, 보통이 9예, 불량이 1예로 후외측 다발이 전내측 다발보다 손상이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 이중다발 재건술은 젊고 활동적인 환자에게서 좋은 결과를 기대할 수 있는 수술적 방법이나 후외측 다발의 손상을 줄일 수 있는 수술 및 재활 방법의 개선을 요한다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the merits and demerits of double bundle reconstruction and achieve improvements hereafter, by comparing the results of double bundle and single bundle reconstruction using tibialis anterior allograft. Materials and Methods: Twenty seven patients were divided to undergo either double bundle(n=14) or single bundle(n=13) reconstruction with tibialis anterior allograft tendon. The evaluation methods were AP laxity with KT-2000 arthrometer, isokinetic knee strength measurements, pivot-shift test, IKDC subjective score, Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity score, radiographic evaluations with postoperative MRI, and second look arthroscopy. Results: Lysholm knee score and Tegner activity score were significantly better in double bundle reconstruction. In pivot-shift test, single bundle reconstruction was evaluated as grade 0 in 10 of the knees, grade 1 in 1, and grade 2 in 2. Double bundle reconstruction was evaluated as grade 0 in 13, and grade 2 in 1. In second look arthroscopy, single bundle was evaluated as excellent in 6 of the knees, fair in 7, anteromedial bundle of double bundle reconstruction was excellent in 13 and fair in 1, and posterolateral bundle was excellent in 4, fair in 9, and poor in 1. There were no significant differences in other evaluations. Conclusion: Favorable outcome may be expected with double bundle reconstruction of ACL. However there are still need for improvement in terms of reconstruction technique and rehabilitation protocol to reduce PL bundle injury.

현장 타설 레미콘의 품질 특성에 관한 연구

김덕형 ( Kim Deok-hyung ),서치호 ( Seo Chee-ho ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2000 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.1

The quality of ready-mixed concrete(henceforth abbreviated Re.mi.con) is influenced by various factors such as ingredient of material, difference of property, mixing ratio, mixing time, mixing error, conditioning of construction, method of curing and temperature, humidity time in transportation. These factors make it hard to confirm the Quality of re.mi.con till placing in site. As the quality control in field is very important to ensure the quality of building. Moreover in modem building production, the more important the inquiry of performance improvement, the more important the manufacture and the quality control of re.mi.com. In this study, to examine and analyze the quality of re.mi.con we used slump, air content and compressive strength in 7, 28 days as to re.mi.con which placed during on year. As a result, we found that the slump and air content were satisfied with reference code and the compressive strength was more than the design standard strength so we concluded that the quality control of re.mi.con was to be agreeable.

1811년 通信使의 使行費와 戶曹의 부담

김덕진(Kim Deok-Jin) 부산경남사학회 2005 역사와 경계 Vol.55 No.-

The Tongshinsa's budget to come and go to Japan was tremendous, and it was used for visiting expense, presents, buying horses and ships. Hojo of the government and Kyung-sang do of local self-government covered the expenses most. In 1811, Hojo spend total 31,908 nyang to visit and it was great budget limit as much as 4.8% of total expenditure for one year. When we analyze this through presents, the Tongshinsa's visiting only to Tsusima and not to Tokyo in 1811 was helpful to overcome the difficulty of the national budget because compared to the past, the expenses was cut down by half.