일반대학생과 의과대학생의 스트레스와 삶의 만족도 비교

김남철,김상훈,임홍규,김정호,정형식,박종철,김영심,Kim, Nam Cheol,Kim, Sang Hoon,Lhm, Hong Kyu,Kim, Jung Ho,Jung, Hyung Shik,Park, Jong Chul,Kim, Young Shim 한국정신신체의학회 2015 정신신체의학 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives:The aim of this study is to investigate any differences between non-medical and medical college students for : 1) a level and the nature of perceived stress, 2) a level of life satisfaction, and 3) the related factors affecting to life satisfaction. Methods:We measured self-reported questionnaires of stress, satisfaction with life, health behavior including happiness, alcohol use, nicotine dependency and depressive symptoms in 1,714(863 non-medical and 851 medical) college students. Results:Non-medical college students had significantly higher total stress scores than medical college students(${\chi}^2$=7.66, p<.001). In non-medical college students, employment problem score was significantly higher than medical college students(t=4.07, p<.001). In medical college students, the scores of academic achievement (t=-3.81, p<.001), change of social life(t=-2.03, p<.05), death(t=-2.05, p<.05) or sickness(t=-2.60, p<.05) of friends were significantly higher than non-medical college students. And non-medical college students showed significantly lower life satisfaction scores than medical college students(${\chi}^2$=-19.05, p<.001). We also found that life satisfaction were significantly related to happiness in non-medical college students(${\beta}$=.410, $R^2$=.325, p<.001) and depressive symptoms in medical college students(${\beta}$=-.435, $R^2$=.326, p<.001) by stepwise multiple regression analysis. Conclusions:In this study, a level and the nature of perceived stress, a level of life satisfaction, and the related factors affecting to life satisfaction showed definitely differences between non-medical and medical college students. We suggest with our findings that specified mental health promotion program need for the college student's mental health management. 연구목적 일반대학생과 의과대학생이 경험하는 스트레스 정도와 유형, 삶의 만족도, 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 관련요인 등을 비교해보고자 하였다. 방 법 2013년 11월과 2014년 3월부터 4월까지 광주광역시, 전라남도, 전라북도 소재 4개 대학교의 일반대학생 863명, 의과대학생 851명, 총 1,714명을 대상으로 일반적 정보와 스트레스, 삶의 만족도, 행복도, 음주, 니코틴 의존, 우울증상 등을 포함하는 건강 관련 요인들에 대해 자기보고 질문지를 이용하여 현장 조사하였다. 결 과 첫째, 일반대학생은 의과대학생보다 스트레스 총점이 유의하게 높았다. 일반대학생은 의과대학생에 비해 취업문제에서, 의과대학생은 일반대학생에 비해 학업성취도, 사교 활동의 변화, 친구의 죽음이나 질병에서 유의하게 스트레스를 많이 경험하고 있었다. 둘째, 일반대학생은 의과대학생에 비하여 삶의 만족도가 유의하게 낮았다. 셋째, 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석에서 일반대학생은 행복도가, 의과대학생은 우울증상이 가장 설명력이 높은 변인이었다. 결 론 본 연구에서, 일반대학생과 의과대학생이 경험하는 스트레스의 수준과 유형, 삶의 만족도 정도 그리고 삶의 만족도에 미치는 관련요인 등에서 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 대학생들에게 스트레스를 해소하고 정신건강과 삶의 만족도를 향상 시킬 수 있는 정신건강 증진 프로그램이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

유당분해효소에 의한 Glycoside의 Aglycone으로 전환을 위한 최적 조건 확립

김남철,전병주,안정좌,곽해수,Kim, Nam-Chul,Jeon, Byung-Ju,Ahn, Joung-Jwa,Kwak, Hae-Soo Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.3

This study was designed to find the optimum conditions for converting isoflavone glycoside to aglycone by ${\beta}-galactosidase$. Three different forms of the enzyme were tested and the optimum enzyme concentration, incubation temperature, pH, and incubation time were determined. Before treatment with enzyme, isoflavone contained 89.4% glycoside including daidzin, glycitin and genistin, and only 10.6% aglycone including daidzein, glycitein and genistein. Among the enzymes tested, the highest rate of isoflavone hydrolysis to aglycone, 35%, was observed when 3 unit/g Fungal Lactase (Amano Enzyme) was used. Higher incubation temperatures resulted in a higher rate of hydrolysis along with a greater loss of isoflavone mass. Therefore, body temperature $(37^{\circ}C)$ may be adequate for isoflavone conversion, with 44.9% hydrolysis and less than 10% loss of mass. As expected, a higher amount of aglycone was produced at pH 7 compared with other pH values. During 5hr of incubation, the conversion of glycoside to aglycone increased dramatically from 0 to 1hr, and plateaued thereafter. In addition, commercial soy-based milk was hydrolyzed more effectively with ${\beta}-galactosidase$ when incubated for 5hr. Based on the above results, the optimum conditions for isoflavone hydrolysis by ${\beta}-galactosidase$ were for 3 hr at $37^{\circ}C$, pH 7 with 3 unit/g Fungal Lactase (Amano Lactase), yielding an average total amount of aglycone ranging from 40 to 47%.

초단파조사 처리된 잉여슬러지와 하수의 병합처리가 활성슬러지공법의 성능에 미치는 영향

김남철(Nam Chul Kim),장명배(Myung Bae Jang),조윤경(Yun Kyung Cho),조광명(Kwang Myeung Cho) 大韓環境工學會 2007 대한환경공학회지 Vol.29 No.3

젊은이들의 특성에 대한 이해와 교리교육의 비전

김남철(Kim, Nam Chul) 광주가톨릭대학교 신학연구소 2011 神學展望 Vol.- No.173

오늘의 현실에서 대부분의 교육이 도구적 지성과 그 활용에 치우치는 교육이라는 사실을 지적하면서 이러한 교육적 현실에서 사회적 지성을 발달시키며 이웃을 향해 마음을 열어가는 교리교육이 절실히 필요하게 되었다. 그리고 온라인(on-line)에서 빚어지는 문제를 극복하기 위해 오프라인(off-line)에서 이루어지는 대면적 관계를 통해 사회적 지성을 발달시켜 나가는 역할이 교리교육 안에서 더욱더 절실해지고 있다. 이 절실함을 알아보기 위해 현대 젊은이들의 특성을 집약하고 있는 ‘밀레니얼 세대’(millennial generation)에 대해서 살펴보았다. 그리고 컴퓨터의 사용이 많아지면서 얼굴을 맞대고 이루어지는 대면적 자극이 결핍되고 있음을 확인하게 되었다. 따라서 현실의 문화가 동반하게 되는 사회성의 결여는 결국 사회적 뇌의 발달과 관계됨을 알 수 있다. 특히 신앙인으로서 마음을 열고 이웃에게 다가가기 위해서는 오프라인의 교육훈련이 절실하며, 이러한 교육에 힘을 실어줄 방법을 모색할 필요성을 느끼게 된다. ‘사회뇌’(social brain)도 근육과 마찬가지로 사용하지 않으면 뇌의 기능이 저하되고, 사용하면 할수록 발달된다는 점에 착안하여 오프라인에서 이루어지는 교리교육에 참여하도록 이끌 필요성을 느끼고, 이를 위한 견인력을 갖는 방법으로 현대 미디어의 적극적 활용 방법을 찾아본다. 특히 사회 뇌의 발달을 촉진시키기 위해서 오프라인의 교리교육에서 시?청각을 활용한 방법으로, 역할을 가지고 참여하는 공동 작업의 기회 제공과 개인적 발표를 늘릴 수 있는 교리교육 방법의 제시가 요청된다. 그리고 여기에 곁들여서 ‘봉사’를 통해 얻게 되는 ‘보람과 의미’의 획득이 신앙의 한 체험이 될 수 있도록 이끄는 것도 필요하다는 생각에 이르게 되었고, “실천이 없는 믿음도 죽은 것”이라는 야고 2,26의 말씀처럼 ‘에듀케이션’(education)을 지향하는 방향으로 교리교육을 펼칠 수 있도록 제시하고 있다. This article points out that education generally tends to stress the importance of utility and practicality, which lead to individualism, and that, as an alternative education, religious education should pay attention to a social intelligence, open to the surroundings. As a way to overcome the problem created by the cyber culture, the religious education of youth needs to provide a space for face-to-face relationships. This article first explores the characteristics of the individualistic Millennial Generation and shows how this generation is significantly different from past generations, and what impediments it has in the development of the social brain. One of the problems of the prevalence of cyber culture is that people who spend too much time alone on the computer show a deficiency of social stimulus from the lack of human interaction. In this culture, people have difficulty in developing a sense of community and experience an under-development of the social brain. In this socio-cultural environment, the religious education of youth needs to find a new framework which focuses on the development of human relationships. Second, this article suggests a method of religious education for the resolution of this individualism’s cyber culture which utilizes social media - the mainstay of most Millennials - and is designed to develop a sense of community. As with any other muscle, the social brain needs to be exercised to function well. In this sense, religious education, should focus on the development of the social brain, offer consistent social engagement and enhance opportunities for group collaboration. In addition, this education must lead the youth to experience faith through service and meaning -making, based on James 4:26 that “faith without action is dead.”

대장암과 혈청 VEGF와 bFGF의 연관성

김남철(Nam Chul Kim),이령아(Ryung Ah Lee),황대용(Dae Yong Hwang),홍영준(Young Joon Hong),홍석일(Seok Il Hong) 대한외과학회 2002 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.62 No.6

예비신자 교리교육에 영화 활용 방법 제시

김남철(Kim Nam-chul) 신학과사상학회 2008 가톨릭 신학과 사상 Vol.- No.62

웨이브렛 영역의 BDIP 및 BVLC 특징과 WPCA 분류기를 이용한 질감 분류

김남철(Nam Chul Kim),김미혜(Mi Hye Kim),소현주(Hyun Joo So),장익훈(Ick Hoon Jang) 大韓電子工學會 2012 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.49 No.2

본 논문에서는 웨이브렛 영역의 BDIP(block difference of inverse probabilities)와 BVLC(block variance of local correlation coefficients) 특징, 그리고 WPCA(whitened principal component analysis) 분류기를 이용한 질감 분류 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 먼저 질의 영상에 웨이브렛 변환을 적용한다. 그런 다음 웨이브렛 영역의 각 부대역에 BDIP와 BVLC 연산자를 적용한다. 이어서 각 BDIP, BVLC 부대역에 대하여 전역 통계치를 계산하고 그 결과들을 벡터화하여 특징 벡터로 사용한다. 분류 단계에서는 얼굴 인식에 주로 사용되는 WPCA를 분류기로 하여 질의 특징 벡터와 가장 유사한 학습 특징 벡터를 찾는다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법은 3가지의 실험 질감 영상 DB에 대하여 낮은 특징 벡터 차원으로 매우 우수한 질감 분류 성능을 보여준다. In this paper, we propose a texture classification using wavelet-domain BDIP (block difference of inverse probabilities) and BVLC (block variance of local correlation coefficients) features with WPCA (whitened principal component analysis) classifier. In the proposed method, the wavelet transform is first applied to a query image. The BDIP and BVLC operators are next applied to the wavelet subbands. Global moments for each subband of BDIP and BVLC are then computed and fused into a feature vector. In classification, the WPCA classifier, which is usually adopted in the face identification, searches the training feature vector most similar to the query feature vector. Experimental results show that the proposed method yields excellent texture classification with low feature dimension for test texture image DBs.

제주도 물류 분석을 이용한 제주-목포 연안수송시스템 구축

김남철(Kim, Nam Chul),김상현(Kim, Sang Hyun) 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2008 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

Europe has been encouraging SSS (SSS: Short Sea Shipping) and coastal shipping as a safer and environmentally better alternative in order to prepare for anticipated transportation expansion since the European Union was accomplished. During the last decade, the growth rate of the SSS has been the fastest among those of various transportation means like rails, roads and air-ways. The 1st and 2nd Marco Polo programme proposed by the EU"s Commission are the typical examples representing EU"s efforts regarding the SSS. The contents of the programme involves a wide range of solutions concerning air pollution, global warming, etc. as well as transportation safety and traffics. For an instance, the Rotterdam of Netherlands now serves almost 210 SSS seaway shuttles to the neighboring ports in the European continent. In the case of the USA, a consultative team called SCOOP (Short Sea Shipping Cooperative) has been organized by an allied participation of government, companies, universities, etc, and now in active operation. The USA, Canada and Mexico has contracted a MOU to promote the joint efforts for the regional SSS. The USA has also engaged a MOU with Mexico for the shipping in the Mexican Bay. Korea, surrounded with the Yellow Sea in the west, the South Sea and the East Sea, has many islands scattered along its south-west coast, and such geographical characteristics itself confirms the importance and necessity of the SSS and coastal shipping in Korean transportation system. However, the present insufficient transportation infra-structure is likely to cause excessive traffics and capital loss, besides the traffic accidents and emission gas pollution, which emphasizes the necessity of the improvement of the coastal shipping logistics. In addition, the trade between the south and north Koreas is increasing as the South-north economic cooperation expands, for example, the agreement on South-north maritime traffic has been activated since May 2004. The international trades between Korea, China and Japan have been extra-ordinarily huge. The economical expansion of north-east Asian economic block involving those three nations is the fastest in the world market, which is another important factor to be seriously accounted. Under the present situation mentioned above, this research on the coastal shipping and the transportation system between Mokpo and Jeju, is extraordinarily important and meets the timely needs since the seaway between them is the major coastal passage connecting the Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island. Jeju island is the biggest, having warm weathers with favorable unique nature, which influences the shipping of Jeju directly. Major passenger shipping to Jeju is brought on by the sightseeing, while most of other coastal passengers like that of Mokpo use the service by the need from daily living. The present shipping trend of the Jeju Island depends more on regional coastal maritime service than on outside shipping, which implies that the Jeju"s economy is still relatively small and sufficed by regional economic activities. However, this trend is gradually changing judging from the fact that the gross tonnage of outside freight carriers has been increasing to compete the regional coastal freight carriers, and this trend is getting more apparent as time passes. It is now certain that the Jeju"s economy is changing to outside shipping dependent type from the past regional shipping dependent type. It has been noticed that the total freight amount has been decreased drastically, in detail, the freight from regional shipping has been reduced to almost half in the last decade, while the freight from outside region has been gradually increasing, which is far from the usual expectation. It is strongly recommended that an extra and intensive research has to be performed in near future to investigate what is happening to the Jeju"s economy in order to answer the strange rapid decrease

북한의 대남 회색지대 전략: 개념, 수단 그리고 전망

김종하 ( Kim Jong-Ha ),김남철 ( Kim Nam-Chul ),최영찬 ( Choi Young-Chan ) 미래군사학회 2021 한국군사학논총 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to analyze ‘Ways’ and ‘Means’ of North Korea’s Gray Zone strategy and to predict the way North Korea does its Gray Zone strategy against South Korea in the future, and to draw up its implications. The necessity of this study can be said to be significant because there are few academic research on North Korea’s Gray Zone strategy against South Korea. Until now, North Korea has been carried out a Gray Zone strategy against South Korea, using the following Means: First, militarily, North Korea is threatening to escalate its provocations against South Korea, imposing coercion by using the boundaries between politics and military, and launching a pre-declared type’s Gray Zone provocations. Second, diplomatically, North Korea is trying to circumvent skillfully the red-line of international sanctions, and create a vicious circle of negotiation and provocation. Third, informationally, North Korea is making provocations that actively utilize the psychology of the Korean people who fear a full-scale war, and conducting cyber provocations and indiscriminated media campaigns. Fourth, economically, North Korea is benefitting from the Gray Zone strategy that repeats cooperation and crisis situations by actively utilizing South Korea policy toward North Korea and inter-economic cooperation, which provides a good political environment to carry out the Gray Zone strategy. North Korea is expected to utilize a Gray Zone strategy through the combination of Military and Diplomatic means (M+D), or the combination of various means in the future. Provocation against Sea Lines of Communications, provocative acts using Islamic militants and ethnic Koreans, and provocative acts using the shadow effects of nuclear weapons, etc., are good cases in point. The implications of this prospect are that: it is necessary for South Korea to rally ‘national will’ to strongly respond to North Korea’s provocations and set up a clear ‘red line.’ Furthermore, it needs to consider corresponding measures to cut off North Korea’s learning effects.

저온 소결제 첨가에 의한 LiNb₃O₈-TiO₂계 세라믹스의 마이크로파 유전 특성

최명호,김남철,Choi, Myung-Ho,Kim, Nam-Chul 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.6

The microwave dielectric properties of $LiNb_3O_8-TiO_2$ based ceramics with low firing agents, CuO, $Bi_2O_3$, $B_2O_3$, $SiO_2$, $TiO_2$, were investigated to improve the sintering condition for the LTCC system. According to the X-ray diffraction and SEM, the ceramics of $LiNb_3O_8-TiO_2$ with low firing agents showed no significant second phases within a range of experiments, and fine microstructures. By adding the low firing agents, the sintering temperature decreased from $1200^{\circ}C$ to $925^{\circ}C$. Based on the results of electrical measurements, the $LiNb_3O_8-TiO_2$ ceramics showed a promising microwave dielectric properties for LTCC applications, those are ${\varepsilon}_r$ (dielectric constant) = 44, Q f (quality factor) = 18000, and ${\tau}_f$ (the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency) = $-1.5\;ppm/^{\circ}C$.