複合名詞の語形成に見られるメタファーと再分析

金光成(Kim, Kwang Sung) 동아시아일본학회 2018 일본문화연구 Vol.0 No.67

본고에서는 코퍼스 데이터를 바탕으로 복합명사 「名詞+倒れ」의 사용실태와 그 어형성의 동기에 대해 분석하였다. 우선 제1장에서는 복합명사 「名詞+倒れ」의 사례를 의미적 특성에 따라 분류하고 각각의 용법에 대해 검토하였다. 구체적으로는 복합명사 「名詞+倒れ」의 사례를 크게 분석성(analyzability)이 높은 그룹과 분석성이 낮은 그룹으로 나눈 다음, 분석성이 낮은 그룹에 해당하는 대부분의 사례가 비교적 생산성이 있는 구문에 속하는 사례라는 것을 지적하였다. 또한, 분석성이 낮은 그룹의 하위 유형으로 ‘計画倒れ型’, ‘看板倒れ型’, ‘費用倒れ型’의 세 가지 유형을 인정할 수 있다는 점을 주장하였다. 다음으로 제2장에서는 상하의 방향성과 관련된 은유가 복합명사 「名詞+倒れ」의 어형성에 어떻게 기여하고 있는지에 대해 검토하였다. 그리고 제3장에서는 은유만으로는 설명해내지 못하는 어형성과 의미확장을 재분석(reanalysis)의 관점에서 분석하였다. This paper analyzed how ‘noun+taore’ is being used based on corpus data and how the word formation is motivated. The first chapter classified the instances of ‘noun+taore’ depending on their meanings and discussed the characteristics of each group. Specifically, instances of ‘noun+taore’ were divided into two groups in terms of its analyzability. Also, it was argued that the instances with low analyzability can be divided into ‘keikaku-taore type’, ‘kanban-taore type’, ‘hiyou-taore type’. The second chapter discussed how metaphors related to up-down orientation motivate the word formation of ‘noun+taore’. And the third chapter analyzed the aspects of word formation and semantic extension in terms of reanalysis. As discussed in the second chapter and the third chapter, the word formation of ‘noun+taore’ is motivated by metaphor and the process of reanalysis which happens in an online communication.

跆拳道 競技規定에 따른 得點 比較 硏究

金光成(Kim, Kwang-Sung) 용인대학교 무도연구소 1993 武道硏究所誌 Vol.5 No.1

基本動作 몸통 지르기에서 效果的인 손의 위치

金光成(Kim Kwang Sung) 용인대학교 무도연구소 1988 武道硏究所誌 Vol.1 No.1

開始の局面を表す後項動詞の使い分け

金光成(Kim, Kwang-Sung) 대한일어일문학회 2016 일어일문학 Vol.69 No.-

There are several groups of Japanese compound verbs which have similar meanings and usages. Japanese compound verbs which are related to the aspect of a beginning are also one of them. Previous studies about the compound verbs which are related to the aspect of a beginning ("-dasu" and "hazimeru") are basically based on the judgement of a scholar himself. So, this paper aimed to provide a more objective analysis by doing a research using questionnaire. The questionnaires were done by 50 Japanese. Most of them were in their 20s or 30s. Generally most of the previous studies focused on the cases in which the characteristics of "-dasu" or "-hazimeru" is obvious. That"s why this paper chose the ambiguous cases as the object of the questionnaire. The ambiguous cases are especially difficult for Japanese learners to grasp. The analysis showed that mainly three elements are closely related to the usage of "-dasu" and "-hazimeru" .They are "(i) volition, (ii) starting point and ending point, (iii) exposure". Also, this paper looked into the cognitive basis behind the usage using cognitive schema. Still, there are several groups of Japanese compound verbs which has similar meanings and usages. To provide a more object analysis, more researches need to be done using corpus data or questionnaires.

容器のイメ-ジスキ-マを基盤とする表現に関する考察

金光成(Kim, Kwang-Sung) 대한일어일문학회 2017 일어일문학 Vol.75 No.-

This paper is a case study about the usage of ‘noun+ippai’ construction. The construction shows quite unique characterization of Japanese in terms of conceptualization related to container image schema. The previous study about ‘ippai’ just dealt with the co-relation between ‘noun+ippai’ and a particle ‘no’. This study widened the scope of the analysis to particles ‘ni’, ‘de’. Also, this study included the case in which ‘noun+ippai’ directly modifies a predicate and the case in which ‘noun+ippai’ itself is a predicate. This paper especially focused on the semantic characteristics of the noun parts in the ‘noun+ippai’ construction. The noun parts were divided into four groups (physical container, physical element, abstract container, abstract element). Plus, this paper also analyzed ‘noun+tappuri’ construction which shares similar meaning with ‘noun+ippai’ construction. It turned out that ‘noun+ippai’ construction is relatively based on the unifying schema while ‘noun+tappuri’ construction is based on the discrete schema. Specifically, the most obvious difference between ‘noun+ippai’ construction and ‘noun+tappuri’ construction is whether noun parts could instantiate some sort of container or not because examples of ‘noun+ippai’ construction related to physical or abstract container were 3,013 while the example of ‘noun+tappuri’ construction related to physical or abstract container was just one.

量の副詞と共起する日本語複合動詞の特性に関する考察

金光成(Kim, Kwang-sung) 대한일어일문학회 2018 일어일문학 Vol.78 No.-

Previous studies about Japanese compound verbs mainly focused on the word-formation or semantic extension. But, to properly understand the usage of Japanese compound verbs, it is necessary to get to know how Japanese compound verbs are actually being used in real context. To deal with this problem, this paper focused on the context in which Japanese compound verbs are being used. Specifically, the semantic relationship between quantity adverbs and Japanese compound verbs was examined. Previous studies related to adverbs rarely dealt with quantity adverbs. So, it was necessary to analyze the basic usage of quantity adverbs. This paper, first, analyzed the quantity adverbs which co-occurs with Japanese compound verbs in terms of frame semantics because frame-semantic approach could provide relatively systematic framework of the analysis. And, second, it was analyzed how the co-occurrence of quantity adverbs and Japanese compound verbs are motivated semantically. As a result, it was revealed that there are semantic motivation to the co-occurrence. Also, it was found that there is some sort of inclination to the co-occurrence in terms of its evaluative aspect. The co-occurrence of quantity adverbs and Japanese compound verbs is quite difficult to grasp for Japanese learners because its usages have subtle aspects. In this analysis, NLT was used to understand the relatively objective frequency and logDice of the co-occurrence of quantity adverbs and Japanese compound verbs. So, the result could be useful even for the Japanese learners. It would be necessary to study more about the co-occurrence of various adverbs and Japanese compound verbs to understand the usage of Japanese compound verbs from new perspective.

주체화의 관점에서 본 복합동사의 의미확장 -「V+こむ」을 사례로-

김광성 ( Kwang Sung Kim ) 한국일어일문학회 2013 日語日文學硏究 Vol.87 No.1

‘이동’ 이나 ‘변화’는 우리들이 매일 경험하는 일들이다. 그 때문에 이동이나 변화와 관련된 표현이 많이 존재한다고 볼 수 있다. 일본어 복합동사에 있어서도 기본적인 이동과 관련된「~こむ」와「~だす」가 붙는 복합동사의 수가 많고 그 빈도도 매우 높다 (cf. 淺尾2007). 특히 후항동사「~こむ」가 붙는 복합동사는 다양한 용법을 보이는데, 종래의 연구에서는 복합동사「V+こむ」의 점진적인 의미확장 과정을 포괄적으로 분석해내지 못하였다. 그 근본적인 요인중의 하나는 복합동사의 어형성이나 용법을 (인지) 주체의 존재로부터 분리한 형태로 분석이 이루어지고 있다는 점이다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제의식을 바탕으로 선행연구를 비판적으로 검토하고 복합동사「V+こむ」의 의미확장 과정을 분석하였다. 이론적으로는 인지언어학에서 제안된 ‘주체화’를 참고로하였다. 분석해 본 결과, Langacker (1999) 가 제시한 주체화의 요인만으로는 후 항동사「~こむ」의 주체화를 적절하게 분석해낼 수 없었다. 그 대신 본론에서 는 총체로서의 ‘상황레벨의 의미’와 ‘인지레벨의 의미’를 동시에 고려해서 분석함으로서 점진적인 주체화 과정을 분석해내는 것이 가능하다는 것을 보였다. 언어표현의 의미확장에 인지주체의 주체적인 의미부여가 큰 역할을 한다는 것은 당연하게 생각될 수도 있지만, 분석 결과를 바탕으로 해서 생각해보면, 주체화의 과정은 불규칙적으로 이루어진 것이 아니라 인지레벨의 의미가 강해지는 방향으로 진행되는 것으로 보여진다. 다만, 분석 결과에서 확인되는 것처럼 주체화가 진행될 수로 단순히 상황레벨의 의미가 약해지는 것은 아니었다. 후항동사「~こむ」의 경우 활동의 근원이 스테이지 위의 탄도체 (trajector) 로서 초점화되지 않고 불명화한 것으로 되는 형태의 주체화가 순서상 가장 늦게 일어나고 있었다. ‘Motion’ and ‘Change’ is the experience we live with. That explains why we have lots of expressions related to those experience. In Japanese compound verbs, there are many compound verbs with ‘-dasu’ and ‘-komu’ which involves basic motion and, at the same time, the frequency of these verbs are very high (cf. Asao 2007). Compound verbs with ‘-komu’ shows various usages, but previous studies did not examined the relationships among different usages properly. One of the main reasons why they are not proper analysis is that they failed to take into account of the existence of the conceptualizer. This study analyzes the semantic extension of ‘V+komu’ from the perspective of subjectification (cf. Langacker 1999, 2006). Analysis shows that the parameters proposed by Langacker (1999) are not enough because those could not capture the gradual process of subjectification. So, this study argues that ‘truth-conditional meaning’ and ‘cognitive meaning’ as Awhole needs to be considered. In Away, it is very natural that Aconceptualizer plays Abig role in construal. This study demonstrates that the process of subjectification is not arbitrary. As the subjectification of ‘V+komu’ proceeded, its cognitive meaning became salient. But interesting part about this process was that it was not that simple. The subjectificatin that the locus of activity is not focused on the stage and in its diffused form was the last one.

プロトタイプシナリオに基づく複合動詞教育の提案

金光成(Kim, Kwang Sung) 동아시아일본학회 2017 일본문화연구 Vol.0 No.63

일본어 복합동사의 의미와 용법에 관한 종래의 연구 성과를 복합동사 교육에 직접 활용하기에는 여러 가지 한계나 문제점이 있다. 이 논문에서는 선행연구의 부족함을 보완하는한 가지 방법론으로 프로토타입 시나리오를 바탕으로 한 복합동사 교육을 제안하고 있다. 프로토타입 시나리오는 Lakoff(1987)가 제시한 것으로 관련성이 없어 보이는 다양한 표현을 전형적인 시나리오를 중심으로 체계적으로 파악할 수 있게 해주는 장점이 있다. 이 논문에서는 사례분석으로 극복과 관련된 100여개의 복합동사를 극복의 프로토타입 시나리오를 바탕으로 하여 네 단계로 분류한 다음, 각 단계에 속하는 복합동사의 특성을 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 각 단계에 속하는 복합동사의 용법에 반영된 개념화에는 일정한 동기가 존재한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 극복의 프로토타입 시나리오는 관련성을 가진 다양한 복합동사에 일종의 스토리성을 부여해주기 때문에 복합동사간의 관계를 큰 틀에서 효율적으로 파악할 수 있게 해준다는 점도 확인해볼 수 있었다. There are various difficulties in applying what has been studied about the meaning and usage of Japanese compound verbs to compound-verb education in general. This paper suggests that compound-verb education based on a prototypical scenario be implemented as a methodology to supplement previous studies on related education issues. The prototypical scenario was proposed by Lakoff (1987), and enables us to systematically understand various compound verbs which seem unrelated using typical scenarios. This paper divided about 100 compound verbs related to overcoming difficulties into four stages and analyzed their characteristics. As a result, it was found that conceptualization for each stage demonstrated some sort of motivation. Also, it was discovered that the prototypical scenario related to overcoming difficulties provides a story for a group of compound verbs and could effectively capture the relationship between them.

일본어 복합동사와 한국어의 대응관계에 관한 의미론적 고찰 -「V+だす」의 사례분석을 중심으로-

김광성 ( Kwang Sung Kim ) 한국일어일문학회 2015 日語日文學硏究 Vol.94 No.1

일본어 복합동사의 수는 한국어 복합동사의 수에 약 7배에 달할 정도로 그수가 많다(李1996:11). 이와 같은 이유로 종래의 연구에서는 일본어 복합동사와 한국어 표현간의 대응관계를 검토해왔다. 선행연구에서는 기본적으로 한 가지 일본어 복합동사에 대해 한가지의 의미를 부여하고 있으며, 동시에 일본어 복합동사와 한국어 구문간의 일대일 대응관계를 전제로 하고 있다. 하지만 2장에서 지적하였듯이 일대일의 대응관계가 성립하지 않는다는 것은 어렵지 않게 확인할 수 있다. 본고에서는 일본어의 한국어에의 영향을 피하기 위해, 영어원문에 대한 일본어 번역본과 한국어 번역본을 분석대상으로 선택하였다. 일본어 번역본에서 복합동사로 번역되어진 표현이 한국어 번역본에서는 어떤 표현으로 옮겨지고 있는지에 대해 사례분석을 하였다. 3장에서는「~だす」를 후항동사로 하는「うみだす, おもいだす, みだす, つくりだす, ひきだす」를 사례분석의 대상으로 검토하였다. 분석결과, 일본어 복합동사는 한 가지 의미나 구문에만 대응하는 것이 아니라는 것을 구체적으로 확인할 수 있었다. 종래의 연구에서는 일본어 복합동사와 한국어의 대응관계를 구문적인 특성에만 주의를 기울여 단순화시켰으며 그러한 분석을 바탕으로 성급한 결론을 이끌어내고 있다고 볼수 있다. 본 연구에서는 양언어간의 대응관계를 적절히 파악해내기 위해서는 의미론적인 측면을 분석의 중심으로 가지고 올 필요가 있다고 보고 그러한 관점에서의 분석이 가능하도록 의미영역(또는 인지언어학의 이상화인지모델)을 바탕으로 한 분석법을 제안하였다. 특히 Longman의『Language Activator』를 참조한 분석이 한 가지 대안으로 쓰일 수 있다는 점을 사례분석을 통해서 확인하였다. 『Language Activator』를 참고로 한 것은 일본의 국립국어연구소에서 나온 어휘분류표와 비교했을 때 각 의미영역에 대한 명확한 정의를 제시하고 있기 때문이다. Japanese has lots of compound verbs, which is more than 7 times compared to Korean one (Lee 1996:11). That’s one of the reasons why previous studies examined the correspondence between Japanese compound verbs and Korean expressions. Basically, all the existing studies gave just one meaning to one compound verb. At the same time, one Japanese compound verb could have only one corresponding Korean expression and construction. In this study, Japanese translation and Korean translation of English books was examined. The part which Japanese compound verbs were used in was compared with its Korean counterpart. In chapter 3, ‘umi-dasu, omoi-dasu, mi-dasu, tsukuri-dasu, hiki-dasu’ was analyzed. It showed that its Korean counterparts are not restricted to just one expression or one construction. And, to suggest a new way to study the correspondence between Japanese compound verbs and Korean expressions, chapter 4 introduced ‘Idealized Cognitive Model.’

이주노동자의 권리보호를 위한 관련법제 개선방안

김광성(Kim, Kwang Sung) 한국비교노동법학회 2011 노동법논총 Vol.23 No.-

In contemporary global era, international material and personal exchanges are extremely active. Moreover, number of workers who have left their own countries and provide or have been providing their manpower to the business or the workplaces located in the other countries for the purpose of getting wage, the foreign workers, are gradually increasing. As we have entered into the multi-cultural society as of present, we should continuously make efforts, for the sake of their human rights protection and its promotion, by seeking the way to improve the system and policy more efficiently after analyzing and considering various problems raised from work scenes. Therefore, the following remedial measures on foreign worker’s rights protection are hereby suggested as an alternative: First, regarding three labor rights of foreign workers, the rights will be truly guaranteed only if the independence of enjoyment for three labor rights of unregistered foreign workers is recognized. Second, the current ‘laws on employment of foreign workers’ that excessively restrict the freedom of workplace transfer or of paid activities must be fundamentally revised in order to exclude any possibility that downscales various working conditions and forces them out to illegal situations by deserting from workplaces. Third, to guarantee foreign worker’s rights to health, the foreign workers must be provided of medical services for neglected class of people, vaccinations and worker’s compensations without any obligation of notifying and must be able to practically buy health insurance through the measures such as health insurance fee reduction for financially embarrassed foreign workers. Forth, rights to health for dependent foreigners in the Immigration Processing Center should be guaranteed to the extent of that of domestic convicts and furnishing a surety on emergency treatment must be prohibited. Fifth, the system must be improved to allow children of unregistered foreign workers to enter the schools without providing any certificate on immigration or on alien register so their actual rights to education can be assured. Sixth, the children’s access rights to education must not be segregated and a curriculum for the children must be considered and the integration in the true sense of word must be achieved at a place of education by respecting their cultural identities. Seventh, to assure the most basic human rights of foreign workers, rights to family union must be promised for them to live humanly and happily in any country that they are working at with their families at any time they wish. Outside of that, constructions and services of administration must be revised to the purpose of the law by supplementing the law system for foreign workers not to get discriminated for vocational rehabilitation trainings under the Workers’ Compensation Act and foreign workers must be included in recipient’s list on the Employment Insurance Law in principal and disadvantages from a stay for certain periods should be supplemented and if foreign workers have requested for a vocational training or a retraining, either Employment Approval Policy should be complemented for them to be excluded from the objects to be deported by considering requests for change in business or workplaces or basically the Employment Approval System should be changed into the Work Permit System. Moreover, according to the need of human rights devices with rather detailed and binding legal grounds in national level for foreign workers protection, we should ratify ‘International Convention on the Protection of All Migrant Workers And their Families’ which has been chosen and effectuated by UN so that we raise ourselves to be a country where has taken a major step forward by promising the human rights of foreign workers.