수성막포소화약제(AFFF)의 환경규제와 C4기반 친환경 수성막포소화약제의 적응성 연구

권영규(Kwon, Youngkyu),사재천(Sa, Jeachun),김재영(Kim, Jaeyoung),민세홍(Min, Sehong) 한국방재학회 2022 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.22 No.2

1960년 3M에서 개발된 Aqueous Film Foaming Foam (AFFF)라고 얘기하는 C8기반 수성막포소화약제는 처음부터 군용으로 개발되어 1960년 후반까지 미 해군의 모든 함정에 적용되었고, 1970년대에 미 국방부는 모든 군사시설에 연료화재 진압을 위해 AFFF를 사용했다. 이후로 비행기 격납고, 항공모함과 같은 곳에 사용하는 특수 소화약제로 분류되어왔다. 하지만 AFFF는 강력한 소화력을 가지고 있음에도 보통의 사람들이 사용하는 소화약제와는 거리가 멀었다. 여러 가지 이유가 있겠지만, 비용적인 측면과 환경적인 문제가 있다. 특히, 환경적으로 AFFF가 가지고 있는 잔류성 유기화합물은 생태계와 인체에 잔류하여 안 좋은 영향을 미치는 치명적인 약점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서 잔류성 유기화합물을 규제하는 스톡홀름 협약의 AFFF에 대한 사용규제의 원인과 대책을 기술하고, 그 대책의 일환으로 중국에서 개발된 C4기반 친환경 AFFF 소화약제를 소개하며 ‘C4기반’이 의미하는 바를 살펴본다. 또한, 국가표준 시험 KS M 9722:2017 ‘화학제품 중의 PFOS/PFOA 분석방법’ 시험을 통해 C4기반 친환경 AFFF 소화약제에 대표적인 규제 대상인 불화옥탄술폰산(PFOS)과 과불화옥탄산(PFOA)이 검출되지 않음을 증명하고, 소화력이 강력하고 많은 C4기반 친환경 수성막포소화약제를 적용한 각종 소화기와 기타 활용 방법을 제안한다. The C8-based aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) was developed by 3M in 1960, initially for military purposes, and was then used in all U.S. Navy vessels until the late 1960s. The U.S. Department of Defense used the AFFF for fuel fire suppression in all military facilities in the 1970s. The AFFF was classified as a special fire extinguishing chemical used for an airplane hangar or an aircraft carrier. Despite its strong fire extinguishing capacity, the AFFF is not commonly used by civilians, mainly due to the cost factor and environmental issues. In particular, the main organic chemical component of the AFFF is resistant to degradation; it tends to persist in the ecological system and in the human body, consequently having grievous effects. The paper describes the causes and measures of the AFFF use regulations by the Stockholm Convention concerning persistent organic chemicals. The manuscript also introduces the C4-based eco-friendly AFFF, a fire extinguishing chemical developed in China, as a part of the measure and addresses the meaning of “C4-Based.” Moreover, the study verifies that the representative regulation targets for perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are not detected in the C4-based eco-friendly AFFF fire extinguishing chemical, as revealed by a test on “the method for analyzing PFOS/PFOA” in the chemical product based on the National Standard Test KS M 9722:2017. Accordingly, various fire extinguishers using the C4-based eco-friendly AFFF with strong and extensive fire extinguishing capacity are proposed, and the other use methods.

저탄소농법 기술에 관한 연구동향

임진수(Jinsoo Lim),권영규(Youngkyu Kwon),오택근(Taek-Keun Oh) 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2016 No.3

판례분석을 통한 한방의료행위개념의 법적 근거 고찰

이미선(Meesun Lee),권영규(Youngkyu Kwon) 한국한의학연구원 2009 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.15 No.3

Objectives : The lawsuits associated with medical practice in Korean medicine are increasing gradually. However, the clear definition for medical practice in Korean medicine has not been existed in Korean law. Only we may understand the concept regulated by judicial precedents of the court of justice or the authoritative interpretation by the government. Methods : For study, a database was established for medical lawsuits involving Korean medicine(1968∼2009, n=130). Results : According to court rulings, the medical practice in Korean medicine is an act to diagnose a person's illness, prescribe and treat to cure based on traditional Korean medicine, to be understood as a medical care, to have some factor to create or increase danger for the preservation of health or hygiene, and to be practiced by medical specialists based on their professional knowledge. Conclusions : But, such definition is not proper and exceedingly vague. Besides medical circumstances Koreans Medicine are changing, and new precedent to the definition of the practice of medicine is establishing. Therefore the meaning and scope of the medical practice in Korean medicine should be modified and amended, reflecting these conditions.

약선 식당에서 사용하는 한약재에 대한 조사연구

전소정,김민지,김창희,권영규,이상재,Jeon, Sojeong,Kim, Minji,Kim, Changhee,Kwon, Youngkyu,Lee, Sangjae 대한예방한의학회 2014 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Objective : This study is a survey research that investigates the kinds of medicinal herbs actually used in Yaksun(medicianal food) restaurants, the frequency and the way of using herbs in Yaksun. Through this study, we assumed that it will be used basis data on further Korean Yaksun research. Method : We conducted survey targeting for 26 Yaksun restaurants and Temple food restaurants serving Yaksun cuisine(medicinal food) menu from July 2012 to January 2013. The questionnaire was composed of several parts including the kinds of medicinal herbs that was used in Yaksun, medicinal food types that use a lot of medicinal herbs, medicinal herbs criteria used in the selection of medicinal food, and education experience learning Yaksun cuisine. Results : Only 11 restaurants answered the questionnaire among the targeting restaurants of survey objects. The number of Herbs was investigated in each restaurant was maximum 65 kinds and minimum 7 kinds (average 32 kinds). All restaurants used Angelicae Gigantis Radix in their restaurant. And Nelumbinis Semen, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Acanthopanacis Cortex, and Gardeniae Fructus are well used medicinal herbs in Yaksun. Types of medicinal food using a lot of herbs were rices porridges rice cakes, both vegetables salads and stews soups. Almost chefs or restaurant's representatives learned cooking medicinal food at temples, food research centers, university attached institutions, and cooking schools. Conclusion : Medicinal herbs used in Yaksun restaurants are familiar with Korean and easily available. These herbs has better efficacy, taste, scent, color in comparison of the others. For the development of Korean Yaksun, further research of divers parts in Yaksun materials should be conducted.

한의약 제품의 연구개발 현황 및 산업화 전략

한승헌(Seungheon Han),채한(Han Chae),권영규(Youngkyu Kwon),김병주(Byungjoo Kim) 한국한의학연구원 2011 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.17 No.1

Recently, Complementary and alternative medicine began to receive wide attention as an alternative solution to Western medical service. Some countries already try to promote their traditional medicine as a national project. At this point of time, Korean Medicine has the potential to enter the overseas medical service market. It is time to raise our competitiveness in the world market as well as in the domestic market. It is needed to focus the research on the competitive field and to set up an environment for the smooth supply of the material resources such as herbs and products made with herbs. This paper reports the current state of the supply and the R&D of herbs and herbs-relating products, and attempts to establish an industralization strategy.

산림치유 프로그램의 현황과 학제간 융합가능성에 대한 전망

홍민아(Minah Hong),이한결(Han-gyeul Lee),한은경(Eunkyung Han),권영규(Youngkyu Kwon) 한국한의학연구원 2010 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.16 No.3

Background and Purpose : Forest-Therapy has received attention as a treatment of regulating living habits with the increase of chronic disease. Forest-Therapy and Korean Medicine are in same as their philosophy to adapt to nature and they can suggest new alternative treating of chronic diseases. Now we want to look the possibility of development of Forest-Therapy program adopting Korean Medicine with the analysis of research status and cases of Forest-Therapy. Methods : We searched articles in Korea by using keyword 'Forest- Therapy', 'Forest & Therapy' 'Forest' and 'Therapy' Korean. Results : Even though the domestic research about Forest-Therapy is still insufficient, there is a need of try referring the cases of Germany and Japan. Forest-Therapy program was used to get psychological stability, release stress and treat alcohol diseases. There was some cases that adopt the nature to clinical field actively. The clinical articles were mainly published about stress and health. Conclusions : It seems that running the constitutional program that considers different among individuals adopting Sasang constitutional medicine, utilizing Forest-Therapy Doctor through the participation of Public Oriental Medicine Doctor, and operating experience program applying Herb have sufficient possibility.

아토피성 피부염에 활용되는 溫淸飮에 대한 한중일의 논문 비교

강휘중(Hwijung Kang),이향임(Hyangim Lee),조영주(Youngjoo Cho),주명수(Myungsoo Joo),권영규(Youngkyu Kwon) 한국한의학연구원 2009 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.15 No.3

Background and Purpose : Oncheongeum(溫淸飮) composed of Samultang(四物湯) and Hwangryunhaedoktang(黃連解毒湯) was mainly used for healing metrorrhagia in the Qing dynasty of China. At present, Oncheongeum is used for treating a broad spectrum of diseases such as skin disease, stomatitis, behcets disease, diabetes mellitus and, especially in Japan, atopic dermatitis. To our knowledge, however, neither the precise constituents and their effects of Oncheongeum nor the criteria for the prescription of Oncheongeum were defined. To address this issue, we searched and performed analysis of Korean, Chinese and Japanese articles reporting the clinical and experimental studies of Oncheongeum. Methods : We searched articles in the national assembly library of Korea by using keyword ‘Oncheongeum’ korean. Similarly, we did chinese articles in the CNKI and japanese ones in the CiNii, respectively. Results : We found 13 korean articles about Oncheongeum in the national assembly library, 34 chinese articles in the CNKI, and 23 japanese in the CiNii. The papers were divided into clinical and experimental articles. The clinical articles were mainly published from China and Japan, and their subjects were predominantly on skin diseases. Conclusions : There were a lot of case reports about Oncheongeum used in the clinical studies. In order to better understand the effects of Oncheongeum, systematic review of the studies seems essential. The efficacy of Oncheongeum reported in the clinical studies should be supported by experimental data. Not much were clinical reports in Korea, although we are expecting more to come. It is possible to not only analyse but compare Oncheongeum with other prescriptions used for atopic dermatitis. More comprehensive and comparative analysis of three countries' prescriptions might provide a way of how to standardize prescriptions, which leads oriental medicine to an evidence based medicine.

기공 수련이 대학생의 육체적, 정신적 건강 및 자존감에 미치는 영향

김기진(Ki Kijin),한창현(Han Changhyun),이상남(Lee Sangnam),권영규(Kwon Youngkyu),최선미(Choi Sunmi) 한국한의학연구원 2008 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.14 No.2

Background: Qigong is one of energy-healing intervention used to prevent and cure ailments and to improve health through regular practice. Although Qigong -neither itself nor its postulated mechanism of action- is within the paradigm of modern Western medical science, effects on the human body could be possible. Objectives: This study aims to know effect of Qigong training in a University student's physical, mental health and self-esteem. Method: There are 120 students who take a Yangsaengkigong(養生氣功) course in D University college of oriental medicine during four weeks beginning in April 10th 2008. I researched 41 of them trained about effect of Qigong training. Result: Qigong training made significant change in self-esteem measurement and SCL-90-R. And there wasn't significant change in KHP and happiness index. Conclusions: The depth study for the each Qigong is needed. Specifically, I think it should be a clinical studies and qualitative research methods for evaluation are needed.

국내 기공수련 단체별 호흡수련 비교

이상남(Lee Sangnam),한창현(Han Changhyun),박수진(Park Soojin),권영규(Kwon Youngkyu) 한국한의학연구원 2008 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.14 No.1

Background : Kigong(氣功) is to develope a nature-therapy by controling and recovering Jinki(眞氣) and it has common features in Yangsaengbeob(養生法), Doinbeob(導引法) and Jeongkisin(精氣神), but it is rarely researched and applied in clinic examine. Objectives: it is compared and contrasted among Kukseondo(國?道), Yeonjeongwon(硏精院), Seokmunhoheub(石門呼吸). Result: Kukseondo, Yeonjeongwon, Seokmunhoheub have the same point that beginners breath slowly, deeply and naturally. The breathing in each group becomes deeper gradually by mental and physical relaxation although each group has a different breathing method, and it is similar to Jogigyeol(調氣訣) in Dongeuibogam. Ywasik(臥式) is distinguished by the presence of sensation. The breathing in Kukseondo is Yidanhoheub(二段呼吸), the breathing in Yeonjeongwon is Yugi(留氣) and the breathing in Seokmunhoheub is that the ratio of inhaling and blowing are 6 to 4. The breathing in each group is deep and small, Ki also accumulates in the Below-abdomen between blowing and inhaling. This is confirmed by Sinjunapgi(腎主納氣) theory in Oriental-medicine. There is the breath, which is through skin, in Kigonghoheub(氣孔呼吸) of Samhabdanbeop(三合丹法) and Jolidanbeop(造理丹法) in Kukseondo, it is also in Gwiilbeop(歸一法) of Seokmunhoheub. In Kukseondo's case, the breathing is through skin mainly instead of a respiratory organ. In Seokmunhoheub's case, the circulation of Ki is through skin during breathing. In Oriental-medicine, this is called as Pyejupimo(肺主皮毛) which is connected with lung and skin. The breathing coincide with tension and relaxation of body while the breathing through skin and the absorption of Ki spread sensation over the whole body, but the breathing through skin is just a specific ability from a training.

한방 입욕제 처방이 피부 병변 모델에 미치는 영향

한승헌(Seungheon Han),김정수(Jungsoo Kim),정보경(Bokyoung Jung),박소정(Sojung Park),김형우(Hyungwoo Kim),채한(Han Chae),권영규(Youngkyu Kwon),김병주(Byungjoo Kim) 한국한의학연구원 2010 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.16 No.3

Objective : Active treatment for a skin condition has produced a substantial change in the history of allergic contact or wound induced dermatitis. The frequency of opportunistic contacts and allergen-related dermatitis has increased, though new skin treatments have developed. Especially, there has been a interest in the korean herbal bathing. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the korean herbal bathing candidates on skin lesions in mice model. These candidates are Korea's representative herbs on skin lesions. Method : ICR mice were divided into five groups : naive, control, experimental group A and B and C. Control and experimental groups induced skin lesions by DNFB and TMA. Each experimental group was pasted with corresponding korean herbal bathing candidates on skin lesions. Result : Significant improvements in skin wound index, epidermal thickness associated with skin lesions were seen with the korean herbal bathing candidates. Conclusion : These results suggest that the korean herbal bathing candidates could be at least as effective as steroid, anti-histamine for the treatment of skin lesions.