X선 촬영을 통한 勞宮의 혈위에 대한 고찰

구성태(Sungtae Koo),김성철(Sungchul Kim),김용석(Yongsuk Kim),강성길(Sungkeel Kang),최선미(Sunmi Choi) 한국한의학연구원 2010 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.16 No.3

Objective : There are controversial opinions on the location of PC8 (Nogung). The one is to localize the point between the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone, the other is to localize the point between the 3rd and 4th metacarpal bone. The study was performed to provide an experimental evidence to standardize the location of PC8 point. Methods : We employed 30 healthy adults evenly in sex. To identify the location of PC8 in the hand, we took X-ray photograph in both hands of participants. Thin layer of leads were pasted on to PC7 and tip of middle finger prior to take X-ray photograph. The line connecting two points corresponding to the leads in X-ray film was read by a radiologist to decide that the line passes which side between the 2nd metacarpal space and the 3rd one. Results and Conclusions: The line passed the 3rd metacarpal space in 49 cases out of 60 hands (82 %). Data suggest that PC8 could be localized at the point between the 3rd and 4th metacarpal bone.

청냉연(TE11) 혈명에 대한 고찰

정현종 ( Hyun Jong Jung ),구성태 ( Sungtae Koo ) 경락경혈학회 2020 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.37 No.4

Objectives : The acupoint TE11 (cheongnaengyeon; CNY) firstly appeared in the ≪A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (AB Classic)≫. The name CNY is known to be originated from an ancient deep pool described in the book of ≪Chuangtzu (Jangja in Korean)≫. Description of the name, however, was not found in a single form in the book of ≪Chuangtzu≫ and its annotated books which made a confusion. The aim of the present study is to review the name of TE11 in terms of its origin. Methods : We have compared printed editions of ≪Chuangtzu≫ and its annotated books and various acupuncture classics including ≪AB Classic≫, ≪Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies (Essential Prescriptions)≫, ≪Illustrated Manual of Acupuncture Points of the Bronze Figure (Illustrated Manual)≫, ≪Collection of Gems of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Collections of Gems)≫, and ≪Complete Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Complete Compendium)≫. Results : The name of ancient deep pool was found in two different forms in the book of ≪Chuangtzu≫ and its annotated books. One was CNY, the other was Cheong Ryeong Yeon (CRY). The description in the ≪Chuangtzu≫, the source book, was CRY. In addition, the acupoint TE11 was described as CRY in the ≪AB Classic≫, Cheong Ryeong Cheon in the ≪Essential Prescriptions≫. Meanwhile, the point was described as CNY in the ≪Illustrated Manual≫, the ≪Collections of Gems≫ and the ≪Complete Compendium≫. Conclusions : Data suggest that the original description was CRY and a mix of CNY and CRY as a name of TE11 was used. The Korean standard name of TE11 should be changed as CRY.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on the Regulation of Chemokine Induced Spinal Activation of Microglia in the Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

비슈누몰라칼라 신드후리,이지은,박혜지,김소희,구성태,Sindhuri, Vishnumolakala,Lee, Ji Eun,Park, Hye-Ji,Kim, So-Hee,Koo, Sungtae Society for Meridian and Acupoint 2019 대한침구의학회지 Vol.36 No.4

Objectives : Microglia play a crucial role in electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia on neuropathic pain. The role of chemokines in producing analgesic effects of EA, however, is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of chemokines in producing analgesic effects of EA in the neuropathic pain model. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups (anesthetized group (ANE), non-acupoint EA group (NAP), and ST36 - GB34 EA group (ACU)). Neuropathic pain was induced by tight ligation of L5 spinal nerve. Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity of hind paw was tested. Western blot tests and immunofluorescence assay for C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) levels and microglia activation were performed on spinal cord L5/6. EA was treated once daily from the 3rd day after surgery for 5 days. Results : EA treatments applied to ST36 and GB34 significantly reduced both mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity after two and three times of treatment, respectively. While CCL2 expression significantly increased in neuropathic rats, it was significantly reduced in the ACU. In addition, co-localization of CCL2 and activated microglia significantly decreased in the ACU compared to those of ANE and NAP in the spinal cord L5/L6 dorsal horn. Conclusions : The present results suggest that EA applied to ST36 and GB34 modulates the reduction of CCL2 release from the injured neurons and consequently decreases microglia activation in the spinal cord. Regulation of chemokine induced spinal activation of microglia plays a key role in analgesic effects of EA in the rat model of neuropathic pain.

흰쥐 관절염 모델에서 족삼리와 대릉 배오 전침의 상호억제 효과

김여정 ( Yeojung Kim ),정연정 ( Yunjung Jung ),이창형 ( Chang-hyung Lee ),구성태 ( Sungtae Koo ) 경락경혈학회 2013 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.30 No.4

Objectives: We examined mutual inhibitory effects of combined acupoints in arthritic pain induce by carrageenan (CA). Electroacupuncture (EA) is considered a potentially useful treatment for arthritis. Although the analgesic effect of acupuncture is well documented, little is understood about its biological basis. There are many previous studies of positive effect of combined acupoint, this study was conducted to see the mutual inhibitory effects produced by combined acupoint (ST36 and PC7) on arthritic rats. Methods: For the induction of inflammatory pain rat model, CA was injected into the knee joint cavity. There are four groups; EA was applied to bilateral PC7 acupoints(PC7 group), ST36 acupoints (ST36 group), and both PC7 and ST36 acupoints (ST36+PC7 group) except for the control group. The pain level were assessed to determine the change in weight bearing force. We also examined the COX-2 expression in dorsal horn using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Results: The ST36+PC7 group data showed the significant reduction of weight bearing force and the induction of COX-2 protein expression compared with the ST36 group. Conclusions: Simultaneous EA applied to the ST36 and PC7 acupoints reduced the analgesic effect of the ST36 group on knee inflammatory pain.

추위에 노출된 슬관절염 모델에서 내슬안, 외슬안 직접구가 통증행동과 TRPM8 발현에 미치는 영향

지병욱 ( Byeong Uk Ji ),김이꽃 ( Yiquot Kim ),이지은 ( Ji Eun Lee ),구성태 ( Sungtae Koo ) 대한경락경혈학회 2016 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.33 No.4

Objectives : The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of moxibustion on the pain behavior and expression of TRPM8 in the dorsal root ganglion(DRG) in the rat model of ambient cold(AC) exposed osteoarthritis(OA). Methods : OA was induced by the injection of 50 μl of 2% monosodium iodoacetate(MIA) into the knee joint cavity. To examine the level of pain, weight bearing forces(WBFs) of affected limb was measured. For the AC exposure, the animals were housed in 6 h/day at 4℃ for 14 days after MIA injection. Moxibustion treatment was performed at EX-LE4 and EX-LE5 with 5 cons(1, 7 or 10 mg) per day for 13 days from 5 days after MIA injection. The expressions of TRPM8 in DRG were measured by western blotting analysis. Results : The WBFs of MIA-AC group were decreased significantly compared to MIA group at 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 and 9 days after arthritis induction. After the first 6 h-AC exposure, expressions of TRPM8 in MIA-AC group were increased significantly compared to those of naive group. After moxibustion treatment, only the WBFs of 7 mg treated group were restored significantly. Moreover, the over-expressions of TRPM8 were attenuated by the moxibustion treatment in AC exposed rats. Conclusions : The data suggest that AC can increase arthritic knee pain via up-regulated TRPM8 and moxibustion treatment improve the arthritic pain via modulation of TRPM8 expression in DRG in the rat model of AC exposed MIA induced arthritis.

전침자극이 자연 발증 고혈압 흰쥐의 혈압 조절 중추에서 iNOS의 발현에 미치는 영향

황혜숙(Hwang Hyesuk),김유성(Kim Yusung),이지은(Lee Jieun),한경주(Han Kyungju),최선미(Choi Sunmi),구성태(Koo Sungtae) 한국한의학연구원 2006 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.12 No.3

Aims: Acupuncture has been used for the treatment of essential hypertension, but the efficacy and the mechanism of acupuncture in prevention of hypertension are still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that electroacupuncture (EA) applied to Baekhoe (GV20) changes NO/NOS system during development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) , and thereby causes the delay of development of hypertension in SHR. Methods: The male SHR rats in the developmental stages of hypertension (7-8 weeks) were randomly divided into three groups (control group, GV20 acupuncture group, and tail acupuncture group). And the age matched Wistar Koyto Rats (WKY) were randomly divided into two groups (negative control, GV20 acupuncture group). EA treatments (10Hz, 1mA, 0.1ms) were carried out for 25 mini day for five consecutive days. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was determined in conscious rats by the tail-cuff method using automatic BP mornitoring system. We investigated the activations of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in nuclei of solitary tract (NTS) and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of SHR by the western blotting method. Results: The SBP after the termination of EA stimulation applied to the GV20 was stabilized at 169.14±3.67 ㎜Hg which is lower value than that of the control group. The SBP of control group was elevated to 178.14±3.49 ㎜Hg. In addition, we evaluated NOS activity as well as iNOS protein expression of NTS and RVLM in both of SHR and WKY. The iNOS activity in NTS was significantly higher in SHR than in WKY. Furthermore, the iNOS activity of NTS showed significant decreases in EA groups compare to that of non treated SHR group. Although iNCS expression of RVLM showed non significant changes between SHR and WKY, EA significantly enhanced the iNCS expression in SHR. Our data support the hypothesis that delayed development of hypertension and altered iNOS expression of NTS and RVLM by EA stimulations in SHR rats. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that acupuncture can change NO/NCS system in NTS and RVLM, and exert beneficial role on development of hypertension.

침구관련 실험연구 논문 동향 분석

한경주(Han KyungJu),황혜숙(Hwang HyeSuk),김유성(Kim YuSung),이지은(Lee JiEun),정상용(Jeong SangYong),류연희(Ryu YeonHe),최선미(Choi SunMi),구성태(Koo SungTae) 한국한의학연구원 2007 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.13 No.2

The aim of the study was to analyze recent trends of experimental studies regarding to acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) through reviewing the 492 papers in the PubMed database in order to help researchers from overlapping study on the same theme and to spur them to investigate experimental studies on AM with understanding the current flow of that. For the analysis, we include papers in which abstract was written in English. First, we performed quantitative analysis of the experimental studies using whole of the first filtrated 492 papers. From this analysis, we could obtain the followings: "Trends of study in the most frequently appeared journals and leading authors in experimental study of AM", "The number of papers and name of journals by leading authors in experimental study of AM", "Trends of Korean papers in the most frequently appeared journals and Korean leading authors in experimental study of AM", "Classification of experimental studies related to acupuncture and moxibustion according to intervention methods or individual country" and "Assortment of experimental studies related to acupuncture and moxibustion in terms of intervention methods on leading countries". Second, we collected 72 papers considering impact factor of the journal and influential effect of the papers' result for qualitative analysis, and we divided the papers into pain related one or not, because the effect of AM on pain is major subject of AM study. The results showed that experimental studies regarding to AM still has several weakness such as limited usage of acupuncture points and inclined application of electroacupucture even though there are 361 acupuncture points in the human body and various kinds of stimulation methods using traditional needles and moxibustion. Therefore, we suggest that researchers should pay more attention to the study on basic AM research creatively and systematically through strengthening and enhancing the cooperation among colleges, research institutes and hospitals. Moreover, in order to promote the basic research of the AM, it is required that we need cross-disciplinary research as well as international collaboration research.