철도 사고 및 장애의 인적오류 유형 분석

고종현 ( Jong Hyun Ko ),정원대 ( Won Dea Jung ),김재환 ( Jae Whan Kim ) 한국안전학회 2007 한국안전학회지 Vol.22 No.4

DOOH(Digital Out Of Home)매체 활용도 증대를 위한 내츄럴(natural)UX기반 스마트사이니지(Smart Signage) 개발

고종현(Ko, Jong Hyun),민영삼(Min, Young Sam),이지훈(Lee, Ji Hoon) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2013 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.13 No.4

오늘날 매체는 ‘사회적 소통의 맥락(social interaction context) 변화’, ‘기술 인프라(infrastructure)의 지속적 발전’ 등을 기반 융합경험(converged experience)의 형태로 사회 구성원들의 삶에서 맥락적 경험(life contextual experience)을 제공하는 맥락적 매체(contextual media)로 자리해나가고 있다. 맥락적 매체로서 개인 스마트폰 등의 모바일 기기들에 대하여는 활발한 연구가 이루어지고 있으나, 도시의 물리적 구성요소(urban furniture)로 많은 장소에 설치된 DOOH(Digital Out Of Home)관련 매체에 대하여는 비교적 낮은 비율의 연구가 진행되고 있다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 디지털사이니지를 대표적 DOOH 매체로(;집 밖의 도시환경에서의 사용자 맥락을 기반으로 구성된 맥락적 매체로) 바라보며, 물리적으로 많은 장소에 설치되어있으나 사용자 경험의 측면에서는 (타 매체들 대비) 낮은 사용성을 보이고 있는 디지털사이니지를 고찰하고자한다. 정리하면, 대중(Mass)매체에서 다중(Multi)매체로 변화함에 따라 발생한 매체의 다양화와 이로 인한 경험의 파편화를 극복하기 위한 맥락적 매체로서 디지털사이니지의 가능성을 바라보고, 더 나아가 사회구성원들의 개별 필요(needs)와 소통(interaction)하는 스마트매체(smart midea)개념의 디지털사이니지; 스마트사이니지 서비스시스템을 디자인하고자한다. 디자인 방법론으로서 디자인 씽킹(Design Thinking) 방법론이 적용되었으며, 사용자 중심(people centered) 관찰 리서치를 진행함으로 맥락 속에서의 사용자 필요를 발굴하고, 관련 문제와 이슈들을 도출하였다. 일련의 과정을 통해 실행 가능한(practical) 서비스 콘셉트 프로토타이프를 제작할 수 있었다, 본 연구의 최종 결과물로 디자인 씽킹 기반 디지털사이니지 기획 툴킷(toolkit)이 디자인 되었다. Contextual experience is very important for quality of experience, as we all acknowledge every experience has it’s own context(pre, ing, post). Digital Signage industry as a part of DOOH(Digital Out Of Home) media is growing quite fast nowadays in quantity as well as in quality. Since this media is standing out there on the street as part of urban furniture, this media is expected to perform such a role as an urban contextual media which mediates contextual communication experience to people(user) with service(provider) or between people in their daily routine in urban environment. Throughout this study, with perspective of natural UX, possibilities of DOOH media as a core contextual media which mediates better urban communication has been explored. As a result we have designed a model of digital signage in a concept of smart signage which communicates with users’ personal needs in their life context and also we have produced a toolkit which guides stakeholders of digital signage industry to plan(design) service by their own. Design Thinking methodology has been applied for whole process of the study to find out people centered insight that can drive us to better urban life contextual communication for people. We reckon quality of life is based on quality of communication and here we hope this study stands as a starting point for DOOH media does it’s role as a contextual media for richer urban communication.

실험용 쥐의 마취

최희락,고종현,이해범,이준모,Choi, Hee-Rack,Ko, Jong-Hyun,Lee, Hae Beom,Lee, Jun-Mo 대한미세수술학회 2013 Archives of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.22 No.1

Rats and mice are commonly used in experimental laboratories and anesthetic drugs are important for researchers to understand the details. Administration of fluids helps to stabilize the experimental animals before anesthesia via intravenously through the lateral vein in rats and in case of difficulty in catheterization and maintenance, fluids are usually administered as boluses. Large volumes of cool fluids will rapidly lead to hypothermia and all parenteral fluids must be warmed to body temperature before administration. Premedication with a sedative may ease induction with volatile anesthetic drugs. The first choice for rodent anesthesia is complete inhalational anesthesia. The second option is using injectable anesthesia. Recovery from the volatile agents that have been used rapid when the agent is no longer administered. Anesthetic monitoring equipment is an infant-size bell sthethoscope that can be used to ausculate the heart and lungs. Supplemental heating should be provided to reduce the heat loss supply and maintain core body temperature. The kinds of drugs, characteristics, route of administration and care after surgery were reviewed and summarized from the references. Anesthetic drugs, maintenance, monitoring and aftercare are important in the laboratories to keep the animal safe in all experimental procedures.

Koebner 현상에 의해 선상태선의 임상 양상을 보인 광택태선

송영찬 ( Young Chan Song ),고종현 ( Jong Hyun Ko ),오병호 ( Byung Ho Oh ),이양원 ( Yang Won Lee ),최용범 ( Yong Beom Choe ),안규중 ( Kyu Joong Ahn ),송계용 ( Kye Yong Song ) 대한피부과학회 2008 대한피부과학회지 Vol.46 No.11

Lichen nitidus is an uncommon, asymptomatic cutaneous shiny papular eruption and it can rarely show Koebner`s phenomenon, which may clinically resemble lichen striatus. It is known that for such cases, the clinicopathological correlation is the most important factor for making the diagnosis and immunohistochemical staining for CD4, CD8 and CD68 can be helpful to differentiate these two diseases. We experienced a case of Koebner phenomenon, which clinically mimicked lichen striatus, in a patient suffering with lichen nitidus. (Korean J Dermatol 2008; 46(11): 1517∼1520)

철도와 타 산업에서의 인적오류 보고 및 분석 체계 비교 분석

정원대(Jung Wondea),고종현(Ko Jong Hyun),곽상록(Kwak Sang Log) 한국철도학회 2006 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

Human factors still plays a significant part in many railway accidents. The accidents often resulted from multiple causes of hardware failures and human errors. So to ensure the safety of railway operations, human error should be prevented effectively. In order to reduce the potential of human error, a systematic error analysis should be undertaken in advance for identifying the root causes of the error. In this paper, we reviewed the present state of the reporting and investigation of human error in railway industries, and compared it to ones of other industries such as aviation and nuclear power.

퇴행성 요추부 질환에 대한 요천추부 유합술 후 인접 분절 질환의 위험 인자에 대한 분석

송경진(Kyung-Jin Song),고종현(Jong-Hyun Ko),정영란(Young-Ran Jung) 대한정형외과학회 2016 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.51 No.1

목적: 본 연구는 요천추 유합술 후 인접 분절 질환의 위험 인자에 대해 알아보고자 함이다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 1월부터 2010년 9월까지 퇴행성 요천추 질환으로 유합술을 받은 환자 총 793명을 대상으로 환자적 요인과 수술적 요인, 영상의학적 요인에 대해 분석하였다. 결과: 요천추의 퇴행성 병변으로 유합술 후 인접 분절 질환으로 2차 수술적 치료를 시행한 환자는 69명(8.7%)이었다. 환자적 요인으로 수술적 치료가 필요한 인접 분절 질환 발생군에서 연령, 성별, 골밀도, 흡연력 및 직업에 따른 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 수술 전체질량지수와 1차 수술 후 체중 증가가 인접 분절 발생과 유의한 관계가 있었다(p=0.02, p<0.001). 수술적 요인으로 세 분절 이상의 다분절 유합술에서 단분절 유합술보다 높은 유병률을 보였다(p=0.01). 영상학적 요인으로 추간판(p=0.01)이나 후관절(p=0.02)의 퇴행성 변화의 정도, 분절 불안정성(p=0.001)의 존재가 인접 분절 질환 발생과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 요천추부 퇴행성 질환으로 유합술 후 인접 분절 질환 발생을 감소시키기 위해 수술 전 유합 범위에 대한 신중한 선택, 수술 전후 체중 관리와 요천추부 과부하를 줄이는 노력이 필수적이다. Purpose: The objective of this study is to confirm the effects of risk factors on Adjacent Segment Disease (ASD). Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were 793 patients who had degenerative lumbar spine disease and were followed-up for an average period of 7.2 years from January of 1999 to September of 2010 after undergoing spinal fusion. To confirm the risk factors, a study on patient factors, surgical factors and radiologic factors was performed. Results: Of 793 patients, 69 patients (group A, 8.7%) underwent a secondary surgical treatment due to ASD. Age of patient, sex, bone mineral density, history of smoking and occupation were not statistically significant. Preoperative body mass index (BMI) (≥25 ㎏/㎡) and postoperative increase of BMI were the patient’s factor in ASD (p=0.02, p<0.001). Regarding surgical factors, multilevel fusion (more than 3 levels) was higher risk in prevalence of ASD than short level fusion (p=0.01). Degeneration of intervertebral disc (p=0.01) and facet joints (p=0.02), and segmental instability (p=0.001) were also associated with the prevalence of ASD in radiologic factors. Conclusion: To prevent the occurrence of ASD after lumbosacral fusion, selection of the proper level of fusion preoperatively and modifying the life style with body weight control and reduction of hypermobility after fusion surgery are essential.

NASA-TLX 방법에 의한 KTX 운전 직무부하 분석

정원대(Jung Wondea),고종현(Ko Jong-Hyun),박진균(Park Jinkyun),곽상록(Kwak Sang-Log),임승수(Lim Seoung-Su) 한국철도학회 2006 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

Human factors still plays a significant role in railway accidents. The accidents often resulted from multiple causes of hardware failures and human errors. So to ensure the safety of railway operations, human error should be effectively prevented and managed. Among several factors influencing human performance, task load (or task complexity) is well known as a major contributor to human error. In order to reduce the potential of human error, a systematic analysis should be undertaken to evaluate task load and to reduce it by modifying task process and/or education&training. In this paper, we proposed a systematic framework for railway industry to perform task analysis and to evaluate task load, and applied it to KTX operational tasks. According to the application study, we identified 14 generic task types of KTX operation. And also this paper shows the quantitative task load of those generic tasks which were analyzed by NASA-TLX method.

슬관절 내측 구획 골관절염에서 개방형 경골 근위 절골술의 고정 기기에 따른 임상적 결과

이주홍(Ju Hong Lee),박혁(Hyuk Park),고종현(Jong Hyun Ko) 대한정형외과학회 2015 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.50 No.5

목적: TomoFix<SUP>®</SUP> (A군)와 Aescula<SUP>®</SUP> plate (B군)에 따른 개방형 경골 근위 절골술(high tibial osteotomy, HTO)의 임상 및 방사선적 검사 결과를 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2008년부터 HTO를 실시하여 평균 37.1개월간 추시한 64예를 대상으로 하였고, A군은 20예, B군은 44예였다. 평균나이는 50세(41-62세)였고, 남성이 20예(31.3%), 여성이 44예(68.7%)였다. 임상 결과는 kn ee society rating system (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)를 비교하였고, 방사선 결과는 역학적 축, 후방 경사도, 그리고 내측 관절 간격을 측정했다. 결과: 전체 환자의 술 전 역학적 축은 내반 7.8˚±2.4˚, 술 후 3개월 역학적 축은 외반 1.9˚±2.2˚였다. 최종 추시상 A군은 외반 2.1˚±3.1˚로 교정이 유지됐지만 B군은 외반 0.1˚±3.1˚로 교정 소실을 보였다. 후방경사도는 A군에서 보다 유의한 증가를 보였다. 내측 관절 간격은 두 군에서 모두 호전을 보였다. KSS와 WOMAC 점수도 의미있는 호전을 보였다(p<0.001). 결론: HTO의 임상 결과는 우수하였으며, 삽입형 금속판은 오랜 기간의 부분 체중부하가 필요하며, 잠김나사 금속판이 삽입형 금속판보다 교정 유지에 효과적이었다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiologic results of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) using either TomoFix<SUP>®</SUP> plate (group A) or Aescula<SUP>®</SUP> plate (group B) in patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four consecutive patients who underwent HTO for medial compartmental osteoarthritis from 2008 were included. Mean follow-up duration was 37.1 months. Twenty men and 44 women with a mean age of 50 years (range, 41 to 62 years) were divided into group A (locking plate, n=20) and group B (spacer plate, n=44). Clinical results were evaluated using knee society rating system (KSS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Radiological results were obtained by measuring the mechanical axis, posterior tibial slope, and medial joint space width preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and at the final follow-up. Results: In overall patients, the mechanical axis was corrected from 7.8°±2.4° of varus preoperatively to 1.9°±2.2° of valgus 3 months after HTO. At the final follow-up, the mechanical axis was to 2.1°±3.1° of valgus which showed no statistical difference in group A. However, loss of correction was observed at the final follow-up, at 0.1°±3.1° of valgus angulation in group B. The increase of the posterior tibial slope was significantly greater in group A than group B. The joint space width in both groups was improved at last follow-up. All clinical results showed improvement after HTO, with significantly improved KSS and WOMAC scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: The overall clinical results after HTO for medial compartment osteoarthritis were satisfactory. A group of spacer plates needed for prolonged protective weight bearing and locking plate was effective in maintenance of correction.

TRIZ 를 이용한 전폐식 에어벤트 시스템 개발

장한주(Han-Ju Jang),김달원(Dal-Won Kim),고종현(Jong-Hyun Ko) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11

The fuction of vehicle air vent is both flow adjust and block of air, ventilation and dehumidification by discharging air through HVAC unit and duct on crash pad. A claim study about air vent V.O.C(voice of customer) indicates that knob breakaway and noise between knob bar and wing are important quality problems. This paper will propose a new structure which can control direction of air without knob bar and wing rod for improving chronic quality problem by using TRIZ methodology.

치상돌기 후방부의 가성 종양을 동반한 경추 척수증 환자에서 환추의 후궁 절제술 후 발생한 환추 전방환 피로 골절

송경진(Kyung-Jin Song),함동훈(Dong-Hun Ham),고종현(Jong-Hyun Ko),이수경(Su-Kyung Lee) 대한정형외과학회 2015 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.50 No.5

환추 골절은 척추 골절 중 1%-3% 정도를 차지하며 경추 골절 중 10% 정도 발생률을 보인다. 골절의 원인은 대부분 교통사고나 낙상에 의한 것이다. 하지만 매우 드물게 수술적 치료 후 합병증으로 환추 골절이 보고된 적이 있다. 저자들은 치상돌기 후방부의 가성 종양(retro-odontoid pseudotumor)을 동반한 경추 척수증 환자에서 후궁 절제술 후 신경증상의 악화와 동반되어 발생한 환추 전방환피로 골절에 대해 보고하고자 한다. Atlas fracture accounts for 1% to 3% of all spinal column injuries and 10% of cervical spine fractures, and is most frequently caused by motor vehicle accidents and falls. Only a few cases involving complications after surgical treatment have been reported. We present a case of anterior atlas arch stress fracture accompanied by worsening neurologic symptoms following atlas posterior arch resection for cervical myelopathy with retro-odontoid pseudotumor.