The Epistemic Role of Visual Phenomenology

Kang, Seok Man(강석만) 철학연구회 2021 哲學硏究 Vol.- No.135

논유출 특성을 고려한 홍수분석 시스템 개발

김현영,황철상,강석만,이광야,Kim Hyun-young,Hwang Cheol-sang,Kang Seok-man,Lee Kwang-ya 한국관개배수위원회 1998 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The existing flood runoff models, Complex Hydrograph and HEC-1, have some problems which do not properly represent runoff characteristics on the Korean paddy basin and their basin slopes. In this study, FAS(Flood ,Analysis System) was developed in order t

논유출 특성을 고려한 홍수분석 시스템 개발

김현영 ( Kim Hyun Young ),황철상 ( Hwang Cheol Sang ),강석만 ( Kang Seok Man ),이광야 ( Lee Kwang Ya ) 한국농공학회 1998 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.1998 No.-

The existing flood runoff models, Complex Hydrograph and HEC-1, have some problems which do not properly represent runoff characteristics on the Korean paddy basin and their basin slopes. In this study, FAS(Flood Analysis System) was developed in order to supplement those problems, which was built calibrating runoff curve number for paddy basin and applying basin slopes to classify 5 levels. And also the FAS can synthesize the flood hydrographs of subbasin and analyze flood routing along a stream. To verify the applicability of the FAS, the computed flood hydrographs were compared with the observed hydrographs from the four watersheds. In the small basin smaller than 10 ㎢, the results of the FAS did not completely agree with the observed ones due to concentration time delay of paddy storage effect while in the medium and large size basin showed good agreements between the observed and computed ones. Therefore, it was concluded that the FAS could be applied for the flood analysis of Korean watershed which was characterized by paddy storage effect.

밭관개 용수의 적정 생육 온도 확보를 위한 저류조의 현장 모니터링 연구

신형진 ( Hyung-jin Shin ),김해도 ( Hae-do Kim ),강석만 ( Seok-man Kang ),김황희 ( Hwang-hee Kim ),김미솔 ( Mi-sol Kim ),전상민 ( Sang-min Jeon ),박찬기 ( Chan-gi Park ) 한국농공학회 2018 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2018 No.-

밭작물은 종류가 다양하고 지대별·계절별·기후별로 생육에 알맞은 작물을 선정하여 재배하는 영농기술을 발전시켜 왔으며, 계절별 기후에 맞추어 작물을 선정 재배하게 되므로 지금까지는 밭작물 재배에 있어 관개수온 문제는 제기되지 않아왔다. 그러나 최근 들어 최근에는 영농기술의 발전과 시설자재의 발달로 시설농업이 발달하여 계절적 온도변화와 기후변화를 극복하는 농업을 하고 있다. 시설원예작물 또는 겨울을 나는 작물에 대하여 겨울철 관개는 우리나라 기상조건상 결빙에 따른 동절기의 저수온 등으로 인하여 재배작물의 냉해를 방지하기 위한 수온상승 대책이 필요하다. 시설재배 농업은 계절에 관계없이 재배에 필요한 시설이므로 동절기에 기존의 용수 개거를 이용하여 송수할 경우 수로내의 물이 얼어 밭작물에 용수를 공급하는 송수시설로서 이용이 불가능하다. 또한 저온수는 밭작물에 냉해의 우려가 있을 뿐 아니라 산재되어 있는 소규모의 밭작물 재배단지에 용수공급을 위하여 수원공과 용수 등을 관리하는 것은 비용과 물 낭비 등 비효율적이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 겨울철 관개용수의 공급을 위한 시설물로 수온유지 기능을 가지는 저류조를 밭지대에 설치하여 밭관개시설물로의 활용가능성을 현장 시험을 통하여 모니터링 하였다. 저류조는 내부에 자동 온도조절 히터가 설치되어 있으며, 수온을 직접 조절하는 하도록 하였다. 시험결과 관개용수의 초기 온도는 15℃이 였으며, 1℃도 올라가는데 약 1시간 이상 소요되었다. 따라서 지표수를 이용하기 위해서는 초기 온도 가열에 상당한 필요한 시간이 필요하며 일단 온도가 작물 재배에 최적인 온도로 올라가면 지속적으로 공급이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 다만 시간 및 전력 소비를 감안할 때, 겨울철은 지표수를 사용하여 사용하기 보다는 지하수를 사용하는 것이 보다 효율적일 것으로 판단된다.

용담댐유역의 다지점 유량관측 자료 이용에 따른 SWAT 모형의 정확도 향상성 평가

신형진 ( Hyung-jin Shin ),박민지 ( Min-ji Park ),이지완 ( Ji-won Lee ),황의호 ( Eui-ho Hwang ),강석만 ( Seok-man Kang ),채효석 ( Hyo-sok Chae ) 한국지리정보학회 2018 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.21 No.3

본 연구에서는 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형과 다지점 수문관측 자료를 이용하여 모형의 정확도 향상성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상유역은 한국수자원공사 용담시험유역의 수위자료를 측정하고 있는 용담댐(930.4㎢), 동향(165.5㎢), 천천(290.9㎢), 주천(57.8㎢), 석정(80.5㎢) 유역으로 70%이상이 산림유역이다. 모형의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 강수자료는 기상관측소 2개(장수, 금산)관측소와 기상청, 국토부, 수자원공사에서 관리하는 AWS 16개의 2003∼2011년 일 강수량 자료를 이용하였다. 2003∼2011년의 용담시험유역의 신뢰할만한 실측자료를 바탕으로 5지점의 일 유출량을 이용하여 단일지점(용담댐)과 다지점(동향, 천천, 주천, 석정)의 유출량을 검·보정하여 비교하였다. 모의 결과 단일지점의 소유역(동향, 천천, 주천, 석정)의 R²는 0.84, 다지점은 0.88, 단일지점의 Nash-Sutcliffe의 모형효율계수 0.45, 다지점은 0.70으로 보다 향상된 모의 결과로 나타났다. This study is to evaluate the accuracy improvement of the model using SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model and multi - point hydrological observation data. The watershed is located in the Yongdam Dam(930.4㎢), the Donghyang(165.5㎢), the Chuncheon(290.9㎢), the Juchun(57.8㎢) and the Seokjeong(80.5㎢). The watershed covers 70.0 % forest. In order to improve the accuracy of the model, precipitation data were used from two weather stations(Jangsu, Geumsan) and 16 AWS stations daily precipitation data(2003∼2011) managed by KMA, MLIT, and K-water. Based on the reliable data of the Yongam test basin in 2003∼2011, the runoff of single point (Yongdam dam) and multi-point (Donghyang, Chuncheon, Jucheon, Seokjeong). Simulation results show that the R² of the single subwatershed (Donghyang, Chuncheon, Jucheon, Seokjeong) is single point(0.84) and multipoint(0.88). For model efficiency coefficient of Nash-Sutcliffe at single point(0.45) and multipoint(0.70).

전자진동술을 이용한 악관절의 잡음과 진동에 관한 연구

강석만,한경수 원광대학교 치의학연구소 1995 圓光齒醫學 Vol.5 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between clinical manifestations related to temporomandibular joint sounds and temporomandibular joint vibrations that occurred synchronously with sounds. There have been reported in many articles that joint sounds indicate internal joint pathology. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate type and patterns of joint sounds, and radiographic changes of temporomandibular joint(TMJ) in order to diagnose and deal with the Temporomandibular Disorders(TMDs). For this study 142 patients with TMDs were collected and they were examined by routine diagnostic procedure for TMDs. The author classified TMJ sounds clinically into 3 types : click, popping, and crepitus. Transcranial and panoramic radiographs were taken for observing bony changes of TMJ, and for observing vibrations of TMJ Sonopak of Biopak^ system(Bioresearch Inc., WI, USA)was used. The obtained results were as follows 1. Female subjects with crepitus were older than those with click or popping and their mean ages were about 45 years old. But in male subjects, there was no age difference. 2. For all subjects, mean value of maximal mouth opening were above 40㎜, which are lower limit of normal vertical opening. But in subjects with L-type opening deviation, mouth opening capacity were about 36㎜ of range. 3. Symptom duration stated when patient presented first were slightly longer in subjects with crepitus but there were no statistical differences. And there were also no radiographic difference among 3 types of joint sounds in regard to symptom duration. 4. In subjects with click, it might have been interpreted that 12% had closed lock, 12% had degenerative joint disease, and about 17% of the subjects had normal joints by Sonopak. 5. There were no significant relationship between subjective loudness of joint sounds and magnitude of joint vibrations. 6. The highest value of integral and peak amplitude were observed in popping sounds and though it was not significant, value of peak frequency was highest in crepitus. 7. Amount of mandibular positional change were differed between click and crepitus on frontal plane, between click, crepitus and popping on horizontal plane in rotational movements, respectively. However, there were no difference among them in translational movements.

교합안정장치 치료가 교합접촉상태에 끼치는 효과

김환철,한두석,한경수,강석만 원광대학교 치의학연구소 1994 圓光齒醫學 Vol.4 No.1

Many types of occlusal splints are used for treatment of craniomandibular disorders. Most widely used splint among them is flat-type centric relation splint. Insertion of splint into the mouth may cause increasing of vertical dimension, masticatory muscle realignment and rearrangement of maxillo-mandibular relationship, so as a result of splint treatment, occlusal relation may vary whether you like it or not. From this point of view, occlusal state of patient should be frequently monitored to prevent undesired or harmful effect during occlusal splint therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of occlusal splint, especially centric relation splint, on the occlusal contact state after 3 months treatment. 32 patients with craniomandibular disorders who had unilateral symptoms participated in this study. To observe and record occlusal contact state, the author used T-Scan system(Tekscan Co. U.S.A.) at both pretreatment and posttreatment. The recorded data were analyzed with regard to contact number, contact force and contact time, change of anterior tooth contact and coincidence of first contact point with affected side were observed, too. And last, the subjects were divided into 2 groups and compared, according to average value of VAS index, with respect to joint pain, sound and limitation of movement, respectively. The collected data were statistically processed with SPSS/PC^+ Package and the result as follows: 1. Total occlusal contact number and force were not changed by occlusal splint therapy but total occlusal time decreased slightly. 2. There was a tendency of increasing number of subjects with anterior tooth contact after treatment and change of first contact point side were observed in as many as 40.6% of subjects. 3. There were no difference between higher and lower group of VAS index, and between pretreatment and posttreatment in each group, either.