홍어껍질 추출물의 추출특성과 유지 산화억제 효과 및 콜라겐겔 제조

강건희(Kang, Keon-Hee),정갑섭(Jeong, Kap-Seop) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.11

폐기되는 홍어껍질을 기능성 식품원으로 재이용하고자 홍어껍질 물 추출물의 추출특성과 세 종류의 식용유 에 대한 산화억제 효과를 측정하였으며, 추출 콜라겐의 겔화를 위한 최적조건 및 겔화제 선정, 겔의 저장성, 강도와 관능평가를 실시하였다. 50℃ 추출물의 방향족화합물 함량과 페놀성 화합물 함량은 25℃ 추출물에 비하여 각각 49.4%와 32.7% 높았으며, 50℃ 추출물의 환원력은 25℃ 추출물 보다 52.74% 높았으나 ascorbic acid의 14.9%, BHT의 27.8%였다. 추출물의 전자공여능은 방향족 화합물과 페놀성 화합물의 함량이 높을수록 높게 측정되었다. 식용유에 대 한 50℃ 추출물의 산화억제 효과는 옥수수 배아유, 대두유 및 올리브유 순이었으며, 식용유 종류에 따라 ascorbic acid 의 38.27~96.83%, BHT의 49.53~75.31%였다. 홍어껍질 추출물로부터 콜라겐 겔화의 최적 추출조건은 2.5배의 가수비 에서 100℃, 2시간이었으며, 조미하지 않은 경우에 비해 10% 조미한 경우 겔의 강도를 50%이상 저하시킬 수 있었고, 5개항에 걸친 관능평가 결과 상당한 개선을 보여 식품으로서의 제품화가 가능한 것으로 평가되었다. To enhance the reutilization of waste skate skin for the functional food resources, the investigations of extraction characteristics, antioxidative activity of skate skin water extracts on the oxidation of three cooking oils were carried out, and rheological properties, storage safety and sensory evaluation of collagen gel from skate skin were performed. Aromatic and phenolic compounds contents of 50℃ extracts were higher by 49.4% and 32.7%, respectively, than those of 25℃ extracts. Reducing power of extract at 50℃ was higher by 52.74% than that of 25℃ extract, but was 14.9% of ascorbic acid and 27.8% of BHT. Electron donating ability was corresponded to reducing power and phenolic compounds contents. Antioxidative effect of extracts on cooking oil was higher at 50℃ extract than 25℃ extract, and its order was on corn seed oil, soybean oil and olive oil. Antioxidative effect of 50℃ extract showed 38.27~96.83% and 49.53~75.31% of those of ascorbic acid and BHT, respectively, over three cooking oil. The optimum extraction condition for collagen gellation was 100℃, 2 hours extraction under 2.5 folds hydrolysis, and gel strength was lowered above 50% by 10% seasoning.

양식장 넙치 폐사어를 이용한 단백질 소재의 개발에 관한 연구(1) -항산화 기능특성-

강건희 ( Keon Hee Kang ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ),감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),정갑섭 ( Kap Seop Jeong ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.11

To develop the protein materials by the reutilization of dead flatfish from fish farms in Jeju island, the physicochemical characteristics and the functional activities of collagen peptide extracts were investigated. Flatfish skin collagen peptide (FSCP) and flatfish protein hydrolysate (FPH) were manufactured from dead flatfish. The differences of pH, moisture and fat contents between FSCP and FPH were not significant, fat contents were analyzed less than 0.3%, and trans-fat, saturated fat and cholesterol were not detected in both samples. Protein contents of FSCP and FPH showed about 92% and 95%, respectively. In the analysis of amino acids, glycine and hydroxy proline content in FSCP was 24.22% and 6.15%, respectively, showed a typical characteristics of the collagen protein, but essential amino acids contents such as threonine, valine, methionine, isoleusine, leusine and phenylalanine were relatively higher than those of FPH. Average molecular weight of FSCP was measured as 1,102 which was almost equal value with that of tuna collagen peptide. The antioxidant activities and functional properties showed high but did not show significant difference between two samples.

양식장 넙치 폐사어를 이용한 단백질 소재의 개발에 관한 연구(2) -산업화공정 연구-

강건희 ( Keon Hee Kang ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ),감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),정갑섭 ( Kap Seop Jeong ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.12

In manufacturing of flatfish skin collagen peptide (FSCP) and flatfish protein hydrolysate (FPH) by reuse of dead flatfish from fish farm in Jeju island, the industrial process was optimized with the laboratory scale research and the on-field process. Segmented unit processes from raw material incoming to shipment were established to produce commercial product of FSCP and FPH. Total plate counts of FSCP were twenty five times of FPH, but food poisoning bacteria were not detected in two samples. FSCP and FPH were safe from heavy metal such as Pb(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II). The residual contents of antibiotics and disinfection matter in FSCP and FPH were not detected. The optimized process for mass production made the one-third of the running time and two times of the yield. From economic analysis, the production cost was estimated to 22,000 and 12,000 won/kg for FSCP and FPH, respectively. Therefore the product from the reuse of dead flatfish was expected to have a considerable competitive price and high added-value functional food material compared with other commercially available fish products.

Eucheuma cottonii 추출물에 의한 인체 골육종암 Saos-2 세포의 자가사멸 유도

강창원(Chang-Won Kang),강민재(Min-Jae Kang),김경록(Kyong Rok Kim),김난희(Nan-Hee Kim),서용배(Yong Bae Seo),강건희(Keon-Hee Kang),김상호(Sang-Ho Kim),김군도(Gun-Do Kim) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구에서는 인간 골육종암세포주인 Saos-2 세포를 이용하여 Eucheuma cottonii 추출물(Extract of Eucheuma cottonii, EE)의 항암 활성 및 분자적 작용기전을 분석하였다. 먼저 EE가 세포증식에 미치는 영향을 WST-1<SUP>®</SUP> assay를 통해 확인한 결과 EE는 인간 위암세포 AGS, 인간 간암세포 SK-Hep 1, 인간 뇌교모세포종 U87MG, 인간 정상 신장세포 HEK-293의 생존율에는 영향을 미치지 않고 Saos-2 세포주의 생존율만을 농도의존적으로 감소시킴을 확인 하였다. 또한 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 Saos-2 세포의 외형적 변화가 나타남을 도립현미경을 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 DAPI staining을 통해 apoptosis classical hall marker라고 할 수 있는 DNA fragmentation이 EE 처리 농도 의존적으로 나타남을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 EE가 Saos-2 세포에서 세포 내의 어떠한 기작을 통해 apoptosis를 유도하는지 Western blot analysis를 통해 확인한 결과, Fas-Associated Death Domain(FADD)에 의한 caspase cascade signal pathway 발현이 증가하였고, apoptosis의 key protein 이라고 할 수 있는 cleaved caspase-3와 하위 인자인 cleaved PARP가 증가 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 관련된 분자적 기전 분석을 위한 immunofluorescence staining과 Flow cytometry analysis를 추가로 수행한 결과, EE 처리시 caspase cascade signal pathway의 시발점인 FAS와 cleaved caspase-3의 발현증가가 실제 세포 내에서 일어남을 관찰 할 수 있었으며 apoptosis 유발군인 sub G1기가 증가 함을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 EE는 인간 골육종암세포에서 FADD에 의한 caspase cascade signal pathway 발현증가가 유도되어 apoptosis를 유발시킨다는 것을 증명하였으며 새로운 골육종암 치료제로서의 개발 가능성과 기전연구를 위한 중요한 기초자료가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common and malignant bone tumors. Although many types of resection surgery and experimental agents were developed, median survival and clinical prognosis are poorly investigated. Recently, several researches have reported that Eucheuma cottonii has potent as protective effects of coal dust-induced lung damage via inhibition of malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidative stress in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). However, anti-cancer effects and specific molecular mechanism of extract from Eucheuma cottonii (EE) has not been clearly studied yet. This study evaluated that anti-cancer potential of EE in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells. EE indicated cytotoxicity on Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Morphological degradation and nucleic condensation were also observed under the EE treatment. However, it did not significantly affect on non-cancerous kidney HEK-293 cells under the same concentration which is shown cytotoxicity on Saos-2 cells. The phosphorylation of Fas-Associated Death Domain (FADD) and expression of cleaved caspase-8, -7 and -3 were upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. In immunofluorescence staining, expression level of Fas and cleaved PARP were upregulated by EE treatment. Furthermore, treatment of EE induces upregulation of sub G1 phase by flow cytometry analysis. The results demonstrated that EE has a therapeutic potential against osteosarcoma via FADD mediated caspase cascade apoptosis signal pathway.

홍어껍질을 이용한 고기능성 콜라겐 펩타이드 소재 개발

백장미 ( Jang Mi Baek ),강건희 ( Keon Hee Kang ),김상호 ( Sang Ho Kim ),노정숙 ( Jeong Sook Noh ),정갑섭 ( Kap Seop Jeong ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.4

The aim of this study was to investigate and development collagen peptide materials from skate skin. Protein and fat content of collagen peptide showed about 95% and 0.1%, respectively. Average molecular weight of collagen peptide was measured as 1,015. In the analysis of amino acid, glycine and hydroxy proline content in collagen peptide was 19.32% and 16.25%, respectively, showing a typical characteristics of the collagen peptide. In obese db/db mice ingested 500 mg/day of collagen peptide for 18 days, the amounts of food and water intake were decreased considerably, contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol were decreased significantly in white adipose tissue of db/db mice. The final yield of collagen peptide was 17.23% in the optimized process for mass production. These results indicate that collagen peptide from skate skin may serve as candidates of fat reduction in adipose tissue and could be used as functional food and cosmetic ingredients.

저이용 홍어 가공 부산물을 이용한 고기능성 물질의 생산기술 개발에 관한 연구(1) -홍어연골을 이용한 콘드로이틴 황산 소재 개발

백장미 ( Jang Mi Baek ),강건희 ( Keon Hee Kang ),김상호 ( Sang Ho Kim ),노정숙 ( Jeong Sook Noh ),정갑섭 ( Kap Seop Jeong ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.5

For the purpose of reuse the wasted by-products from the skate process to the health functional food or medicinal material, chondroitin sulfate was extracted from the skate cartilage with the method of hydrolysis with protease enzyme, and the contents of chondroitin sulfate and hydrolyzed protein were measured qualitatively and quantitatively. The effects of chondroitin sulfate on body weight or liver weight changes, hepatotoxicity elimination and anti-inflammatory actions were measured from in vivo test with feed-treated mice. From the hydrolytic extraction of skate cartilage with the mixture of 1% alcalase and 1% protease for 4 hours, the extraction yield of chondroitin sulfate was about 32.55%. The content and molecular weight of chondroitin sulfate was 26.63% and 2.85×105 Da., respectively and the content ratio of chondroitin sulfate to protein was measured to 1 to 2.76 with gel permeation chromatography. For the odor component, trimethylamine decreased about 30% but almost not ammonia from chondroitin sulfate with the treatment of activated carbon. From the feeding chondroitin sulfate to mice, the control effect of body and liver weights decrease was measured, anti-inflammatory action and hepatotoxicity elimination action were also measured. From these results, process operation conditions for manufacturing of chondroitin sulfate were suggested.

알루미늄계 금속염 주입에 따른 인 제거 및 막 여과 특성 연구

남선진 ( Sun Jin Nam ),박창현 ( Chang Hyun Park ),강건희 ( Keon Hee Kang ),정태학 ( Tai Hak Chung ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2012 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2012 No.-