Gilbert 증후군에서 열량 제한 시험과 Phenobarbital 자극 시험의 의의(14예)

이헌영,채경훈,정재훈,강윤세,김연수,문희석,박기오,이엄석,김선문,김석현,성재규,이병석,이강욱 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

Gilbert 증후군은 인구의 7%에서까지 나타날 수 있는 매우 흔한 증후군으로서 비진행성인 양성의 만성적 경과를 치하며, 간질환의 증상과 징후가 없는 경한 비포합형 고빌리루빈혈증이 특징인 일종의 체질적인 증상으로서 혈장 빌리루빈 농도에 대한 사춘기의 영향 때문에 10대와 20대에 자주 진단이 된다. 따라서 임상적인 중요성은 미약하지만 높은 빈도가 예상되는 점에 그 중요성이 부여되어야 할 것이다. 따라서 적정한 임상적 진단법으로 기왕에 소개된 열량제한 시험과 phenobarbital 유도 시험을 시행하고 이들의 진단적 가치를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 1990년 7월부터 1999년 4월까지 충남대학교병원에 내원하여 HBsAg, IgG anti-HBc 및 anti-HCV가 음성이고, 간 초음파 스캔에서 이상이 없으며, 혈청 AST, ALT 및 AP가 정상인 비음주자에서 경한 비포합형 고빌리루빈혈증이 있는 14예의 환자들을 대상으로 ^(99m)Tc-DISID 스캔을 시행하였으며, 기저 치 총빌리루빈 및 포합형 빌리루빈 치를 측정한 다음에 하루에 400Kcal로 48시간동안 제한한 열량 제한 시험을 시행하였고, phenobarbital을 하루 60mg씩 5일간 투여한 후에도 각각 총빌리루빈과 포합형 빌리루빈 치를 검사하여 비포합형을 구하였다. 대상 환자들은 모두 14예로서 남자가 11예(78.6%)였고 여자가 3예(21.4%)여서 3.7:1로 남자에서 많았으며, 20대가 6예(42.9%), 30대가 역시 6예(42.9%) 및 40대가 2예(14.2%)로서 2,30대가 대부분(85.8%)이었다. 열량 제한 시험 후의 총빌리루빈 치, 비포합형 및 포합형 빌리루빈 치들은 평균 각각 5.5±2.7, 4.2±2.3 및 1.3±10mg/dL 로서, 시험 전 치들인 3.0±0.8, 2.2±0.8 및 0.7±0.4mg/dL 보다 유의하게(p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.023) 상승하였다. 포합형 빌리루빈 치도 유의하게 상승하였으나 비포합형의 상승보다는 훨씬 낮아서 주로 비포합형이 증가하였다. phenobarbital 투여 중 설사가 발생하여 중단한 1예를 제외한 13예에서 열량 제한 시험 후에 상승하였던 총, 비포합형 및 포합형 빌리루빈 치가 phenobarbital 유도 시험후에는 2.0±1.1, 1.5±0.8 및 0.5±0.4mg/dL로서 열량 제한 시험 결과보다 유의하게 낮아졌고(p=0.00, p=0.000, p=0.001), 열량 제한 시험 전의 기초치들인 3.0±0.8, 2.2±0.8 및 0.7±0.4mg.dL 보다도 더욱 낮아졌으며 유의한 차이(p=0.001, p=0.02, p=0.005)를 나타내었다. 14예에서 시행한 ^(99m)-Tc DISIDA 스캔에서 9예(64.3%)가 정상이었고, 5예(35.7%)에서는 심장 및 신장으로의 간외 섭취가 3예였고, 60분까지 소장 배출이 없는 배설 지연 예와 담낭 수축 불량 예가 각각 1예 씩 발견되었다. Phenobarbital 투여시험에서 민감도가 열량제한시험에 비해 더 높았다(92.3%와 50.0%). Gilbert 증후군에서 1일 400 Kcal로 48시간의 열량제한 시험과 1일 60mg의 phenobarbital을 5일간 투여하는 유도 시험은 편리하고 유용한 임상적인 진단법으로 이용할 수 있다고 생각된다. 그러나 열량 제한 시험에서는 증가 기준의 통일이 필요하다고 유추되며 phenobarbital 유도 시험이 민감도가 더 높은 것으로 생각된다. Gilbert's syndrome is very frequent and benign chronic process characterized by mild, intermittent, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia without any symptom and sign of liver disease. Previously intoduced caloric restriction test and phenobarbital stimulation test as two appropriate clinical tests had been examined and their diagnostic values were reevaluated. Fourteen patients with mild, persistent, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were included. Subsequently caloric restriction has been applicated by 400 Kcal/day for 48 hours and phenobarbital has been prescribed by 60 mg/day for 5 days. Therafter serum levels of total and direct bilirubin were measured. Most of the patients were third and fourth decade(85.8%) and male predominant. Each basal serum levels of total, indirect and direct bilirubin were 3.0±0.8, 2.2±0.8 and 0.7±0.4 mg/dL. After caloric restriction test, each levels were increased significantly to 5.5±2.7, 4.2±2.3 and 1.3±1.0 mg/dL(p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.023). After phenobarbital stimulation test for 13 patients had been practiced, increased levels of each bilirubin after caloric restriction test were decreased significantly to 2.0±1.0, 1.5±0.8 and 0.5±0.4 mg/dL(p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.001) and these levels were significantly lower than basal levels(p=0.001, p=0.02, p=0.005). The sensitivities of caloric restriction test were 85.7%, 50.0%, and 71.4%, 35.7%(1.0, 1.5 mg increase of total bilirubin and 1.0, 1.5 mg/dL increase of indirect bilirubin). The sensitivities of phenobarbital stimulation test were 93.2% and 92.3% at criteria of 1.5 mg/dL increase of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin. On the diagnosis of Gilbert syndrome, caloric restriction test and phenobarbital stimulation test are convenient and useful diagnostic tools in clinical face. And also phenobarbital stimulation test has higher sensitivity than caloric restriction test. Furthermore, standardization of bilirubin increment would be necessary in caloric restriction test.

생장조절제 처리가 토마토 과실의 특성 및 품질에 미치는 영향

강호종,채윤석,장점수 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2007 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.20 No.-

토마토 저온기 시설재배 시 과실착과 및 비대를 위하여 GA-TB를 10,000배액, tomatoton 100배액을 처리 시기별로 달리하여 처리한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 과중은 착과제인 GA-TB 및 tomatoton를 처리한 것이 무처리에 비해 다소 높은 것으로 나타났으며, GA-TB 처리구의 제 1화방 과중은 281.1g 으로 무처리구의 214.4g보다 66.7g 많아 GA-TB가 다른 착 과제와 같이 과실 비대에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. GA-TB 처리에 따른 과실의 과장, 과폭도 무처리구에 비해 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 착과제의 처리시기에 따라서는 다소 차이가 있었다. 3. 과형지수는 1.4 정도로 처리구 모두 slightly flattened형태로 나타나 GA-TB처리가 토마토 외형에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 4. 과실의 품질에서는 GA-TB 처리구, tomatoton 처리가 과실착색 및 과실경도에는 영향을 주지 않았으나 산도, 당 함량은 GA-TB 처리구가 무처리구에 비해 다소 높았다. 5. 저장성은 GA-TB 및 tomatoton 처리에서 초기 부패율이 다소 낮은 반면 후기 부패율은 무처리구가 높게 나타났으며 GA-TB 농도는 기준량의 2배까지 약해가 없었다. In order to improve fruit set and fruit enlargement of tomato, GA-TB 10,000 times and tomatoton 100 times were treated with different time on Tomato culturing during low temperature in a plastic house. The results are followings. 1. Fruit weight of GA-TB treated tomato was 281.1g which was 66.7g higher than 214.4g of non-treated, indicating that GA-TB has effect improving fruit enlargement in tomato. 2. GA-TB did not showed significant difference in the length and width of fruit compared with non-treated, but showed slightly difference according to treatment date. 3. Fruit shape index was about 1.4 and fruit shape was slightly flattened in all tomatoes treated in this study. 4. GA-TB and tomatoton showed no difference in fruit color and fruit firmness compared with non-treated . GA-TB promoted the acidity and sugar contents of tomato compared with non-treated. 5. Decay rate in GA-TB and tomatoton was slightly lower than non-treated during storage. No injury was observed at even 2 times of standard concentrations in GA-TB

定植方法이 딸기의 發根및 生育에 미치는 影響

姜鎬宗,朴相眩,蔡潤錫 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2000 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.13 No.-

In order to improve the method of raising seedling and planting in strawberry "jang hee", effect of pot shape and planting method upon the growth of the plants were investigated. The results were summarized as followings; 1. In general, root growth was better at round pot and I pot(conventional pot) than at other pots. Number of root was 26, the highest at round pot, and followed by 20 at I pot. Maximu root length was 29.4cm at round pot, longer than 26.5 at I pot. Root dry weight was 3.72g at I pot, and followed by 2.87g at round pot. 2. When the strawberry seedling adhering bed soil were planted uprightly, root number and root dry weigth were 17.7 and 1.63g respectively, a little higher than 17.0 and 1.45g at conventional method. However, maximum root length was 28cm at the conventional method, longer than 20cm at planting uprightly with bed soil. 3. Leaf area was 62.1㎠ at bed soil adhered and 46.2㎠ at bed soil removed. Petiol length was 1cm longer at bed soil adhered than at bed soil removed. Root dry weight was 4.7g at bed soil adhered and 1.6g at bed soil removed.

고혈압 관리를 위한 의사지원결정시스템의 데이터 마이닝 접근

강석민,조승연,채영문,김태수,호승희 대한간질학회 2003 대한간질학회지 Vol.9 No.2

수박종자의 크기가 묘의 소질 및 수량에 미치는 영향

강호종,채윤석,이상우,문국이 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2007 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.20 No.-

수박종자의 크기에 따른 발아율과 배축 굵기, 뿌리발육상태, 접목묘 생육 및 과실 품질에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 종자 크기별 발아율은 대립은 97%, 중립은 94%, 소립은 91.9%로 종자의 중량이 큰 대립종자 일수록 발아율이 높았다. 2. 종자의 크기별 배축 굵기는 대립이 1.63mm, 중립이 1.45mm, 소립이 1.29mm로 종자의 중량이 클수록 배축이 굵고 뿌리무게도 무거운 것으로 나타났다. 3. 종자의 크기별 접수의 소질은 종자의 중량이 큰 것일수록 좋은 경향이 있었으나 초장, 엽장 등은 소립종자에서 유의적인 경향이 나타났다. 4. 종자의 크기별 접목묘 소질은 대립종자에서 유의적인 차이를 보였고, 뿌리중량은 중립종자에서 다소 높은 경향이었으나 통계적 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 5. 종자 크기별 착과 절위별로 과중은 자만 7~8절에서 6.6kg, 자만 9~ 10절에서 7.4kg, 자만 11~13절에서 7.2kg으로 자만 9~10절에 착과시킨 처리구가 가장 좋았다. 6. 접목융합의 정도에 따라 생육과 과실의 품질에 유의성이 있었다. 7. 종자의 크기가 클수록 발아율과 배축 굵기, 균일도 등이 높아 접목작업이 용이하여 접목능률을 향상시켰다. Effects of seeds size(small, medium and large) in watermelon(citrulus vulgaris schard) on seed germination, seedlings growth and the quality of fruit were investigated. The results are as followings. The seeds of watermelon were classified according to the weight of seeds into 3 groups, small (〈34mg), medium(44-35mg) and large( 〉45mg). Germination rate increased from 91.9% to 97% as the seed size increased. Hypocotyle thickness increased from 1.1mm to 1.5mm as the size of seeds increased. The heavier root weight was the larger the seeds were. The quality of seedlings improved as the seed size increased. Fruit quality was better at larger seed. At the same time, the efficiency of grafting improved since larger seeds produced higher uniformity at germination rate and hypocotyl thickness. The fruit weight was 6.6kg at 7-8 node, 7.4kg at 9-10kg and 7.2kg at 11-13kg.

혼합 상토가 딸기의 뿌리 발달 및 초기생육에 미치는 영향

강호종,채윤석 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2005 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.12

일반적으로 고설재배 농가에서 사용하고 있는 상토를 대상으로 저렴하고 구입용이한 생육에 큰 문제가 없는 몇 가지의 상토를 다른 조합으로하여 딸기의 초기 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 본 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 초장은 팽연왕겨 100%, 오스모코트5g+마가모3g인 시험구에서 17.5cm로 가장 크게 조사되었으며, 통왕겨 33%+재사용상토 66%, 오스모코트 5g+마가모 3g시용 구에서 12.6cm로 가장 작았고 그 외의 시험구에서는 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 크라운의 크기에서는 팽연왕겨를 단용으로 사용한 시험구와 삼록피트와 팽연혼합 시험구에서 다소 굵게 나타났으며 그 외의 시험구에서는 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 엽장과 엽폭은 큰차이가 없었으며 엽면적은 삼록피트와 팽연왕겨를 절반씩 혼합하여 사용한 시험구에서 가장 크게 조사되었고, 통왕겨 33%와 재사용상토 66%를 사용한 시험구와 삼록피트 50%와 통왕겨 50%를 사용한 시험구에서 작게 조사되었으며 그 외의 시험구에서는 거의 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 전체 뿌리중량은 삼록피트와 팽연왕겨(3:7)시험 구에서 가장 높게 나타났으며 통왕겨 33%와 재사용상토 66%를 사용한 시험구에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 그 외의 시험구에서는 비슷한 양상을 보였다. 본 시험의 종합결과는 크라운 크기와 엽면적에서 고설재배 상토로는 피트모스와 팽연왕겨 혼합함이 본 시험 결과 좋은 결과를 나타내었으나 추후 상토재료의 숙성에 따른 면밀한 연구가 필요하다. A pot experiment was performed to determine the effects on the root growth and early development of strawberry from different combinations of mixed bed soil that is used in general high bed culture farm. The bed soil was obtained from sources inexpensive, easy to obtain, and thought to have no major adverse influence on the growth and development. The length of stalk was longest, 17.5cm, in the test group of 100% paengyeon bran (bulked rice hulls) supplemented with 5g of osmocort and 3g of magamo and smallest in the test group of 33% a whole bran (coarse chaff) and 66% of recycled bed soil mixture supplemented with 5g of osmocort and 3g of magamo. Similar results were obtained in all other test groups. The size of crown was slightly thick in both the test group with paengyeon bran only and the group with mixed combination of samrokpeet and paengyeon bran. All other test groups showed similar results. There were no significant differences in the length and width of leaf among different groups. The leaf area was found to be the largest in the test group treated with mixture of samrokpeet and pangyeon bran in 50:50 ratio, but to be small in the group of 33% a whole bran (coarse chaff) and 66% of recycled bed soil mixture. All other test groups showed similar results Total root weight was highest in the test group of samrokpeet and paengyeon bran in 3:7 ratio mix, and lowest in the group of 33% a whole bran(coarse chaff) and 66% of recycled bed soil mixture. All other test groups had similar results. In all, it is considered that mixture of peetmos and paengyeon bran is desirable to be used as bed soil in high bed culture with regards to crown size and leaf area. However, further detailed experiments need to be performed to determine the advantage of using the preferred mixture and apply the data in the field.

젊은 무월경환자의 골밀도에 관한 연구

강길전,이기환,박윤석 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

To examine the impact of amenorrhea on bone mineral density in women of reproductive age, 22 amenorrheic women aged 16-40 were studied Bone mineral density in the lumbar spine(L1-L4) as measured by dual energy X ray absorptiometry. The amenorrheic group showed a mean reduction in bone mineral density of 155 as compared with controls. Bone loss was related to the duration of amenorrhea and the severity of estrogen deficiency rather than to the underlying diagnosis. Patients with a history of fracture had significantly lower bone density than those without a history of fracture. In conclusion, amenorrhea in young women should be investigated and treated to prevent bone mineral loss. Menopausal women with a past history of amenorrhea should be considered to be at high risk of osteoporois.

Estrogen 보충요법의 임상적 연구

강길전,이기환,박윤석 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

Thirty-eight healthy, perimenopausal women (aged 42-54 years) were allocated to 6 months of over of treatment with a cyclic combination of 2 mg estradiol valerate and 1 mg cyproterone acetate. 1. Satisfactory response to hormonal treatment was noticed in 32 patients (84.2%), but unsatisfactory response was noticed in 6 patients (15.8%). 2. Unsatisfactory response was especially noticed in group of patients who were in regular menstruation but complaines of menoparsal wymtoms. Accordingly, if unsatisfactory response was noticed, other couses of menopausal symptoms were evaluated, especailly ofr psychologic factor or stress factor. 3. After hormonal treatment body weight and blood pressure were not singificantly chanded. 4. After hormonal treatment GOT, GPT, alkaline phospatase, BUN, FBS, creatinine, triglycerid, HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol were not significantly changed. 5. Side effects of durg were negligible and patiens were well tolerated the drug and compliance were good. On conclusion, it has suggested that a combination of estradiol valerate and cyproterone acetate was safe and effective for the treatment of menopausal symptoms without side-effects. However effects on bone density with this durg should be evaluated.

수박 接木苗 生産에 관한 硏究

姜鎬宗,蔡潤錫,李相雨 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1999 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.12 No.-

수박의 우량접목묘 생산을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 조사 및 실험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시판되고 있는 수박종자의 포장단위별 입수가 동일하지 않았으며 221립에서 많은 것은 257립까지 매우 다양하였다. 개체별 중량도 다양하여 30mg이하가 9.8%, 30-35mg이 17.9%, 36-41mg이 25.9%, 42-47mg이 27.7%였으며, 48mg이상은 18.7%로 조사되었다. 2. 수박의 종자중량에 따라 발아 후의 배축경이 달랐는데 46mg이상의 대립종자에서는 1.96mm로 굵었고, 45-36mg에서는 1.82mm로 중간정도이고 35mg이하의 소립종자에서는 1.51mm로 가늘게 나타났다. 3. 접목당시 수박의 배축경이 굵을 수록 묘의 소질이 좋은 결과로 나타났으며, 평균과 중도 높게 나타났다. Experiments were conducted to obtain basic data on the production of high-quality grafted seedlings of watermelon, and the results are summarized as follows: 1. The number of watermelon seeds contained in commercial packages was not consistent, ranging from 221 to 257. In addition, weight of individual dry seed was also variable. The mean % compositions by size of seeds were 9.8% 30mg or less, 17.9% 30-35mg, 25.9% 36-41mg, 27.7% 42-47mg, and 18.7% 48mg or greater. 2. The diameter of hypocotyl after germination was dependent upon the seed weight. Large seeds with 46mg or greater dry seed weight had a thick hypocotyl with an average diameter of 1.96mm. However, medium size seeds with 45-36mg dry weight had 1.82mm, and smaller seed with 35mg or less dry weight had 1.51mm of an average hypocotyl diameter. 3. The greater the diameter of hypocotyl at the time of grafting, the higher the quality of the grafted seedling, and the greater the mean weight of fruits harvested.

고혈압 환자들의 건강행태

김석범,강복수,윤성호,황정희,이경수 韓國保健敎育.健康增進學會 2000 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was conducted to examine health behaviors in hypertensive patients and the factors that would affect these healthy life-styles, and to provide basic data for effective and continuous hypertension control in private medical facilities. Among those patients diagnosed as hypertension who had visited the Department of Internal Medicine of Yeungnam University Hospital during the two month period from August 2 to September 30, 1999, the present study included 222 patients who were in more than one month after the initial diagnosis of hypertension and those who had hypertension for less than 10 years. Using a structured questionnaire, the present study was conducted by a self-administered survey method, and the obtained data were analyzed with t-test, χ2-test and one-way analysis of variance using the SPSS statistical program. The scores on knowledge related to hypertension were higher as the education level of a patient was higher(p〈0.05). As for occupation, those who performed office or management jobs showed higher scores than those who were into manufacturing jobs, and as for economic status, although those patients who were in middle class showed highest scores, however, no statistical significance was observed. The scores of knowledge on hypertension was higher when the family history hypertension was present(p〈0.05). The scores of health-related behaviors were higher with higher education level and higher economic status, higher in those with family history of hypertension, and higher in those with office or management jobs than those who had manufacturing jobs(p〈0.05). Blood pressure measurement on regular basis was performed most frequently in those who were between 50∼59 years old with 83.3% and was least frequent in those who were older than 70 years old with 50%(p〈0.05). The frequency of regular blood pressure measurement was higher with higher education level, higher economic status, higher in those with family history of hypertension, and the highest in those with management position with 93.5%, however, on statistical significance was observed. Changes in health-relaxed behaviors after hypertension diagnosis were higher with higher education level, higher economic status, and in those patients performed office or management work. In particular, diet change was observed in female and higher economic status and smoking cessation was observed in 60∼69 years old. Housewives and office workers or managers have taken exercise more regularly and those who had management jobs and had high scores on knowledge related to hypertension would participate health education program more actively. Thus, for improving health-related behaviors for continuous management of hypertension, changes in health-related behaviors can be followed through conduction health education to improve understanding of knowledge related to hypertension as the method of helping to improve changes in health life-styles in those with little education and those in low economic status.