혼수상태의 외상환자에서 초음파를 이용한 흉부 및 복부손상의 진단

임경수,이강현,이진웅,이부수,황성오,유수영,강성준 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The need for rapid diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening thoracic and intra-abdominal injury result in controversy over the appropriate triage of unconscious blunt trauma patients. To aid in early decisions for these patients, a prospective analysis of 98 patients with glasgow coma scale(GCS) scores≤8 was undertaken. Although intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal injuries were frequently identified based on systolic blood ressure, the use of clinical signs alone resulted in more missed injuries than did using the emergency ultrasonography. In normotensive patients(n=34), intra-thoracic injuries was identified in one patient(2.9%), and intra-abdominal injuries were in 7 patients(20.6%). In shock(systolic blood pressure<90mmHg) Pa-tients(n=64), thoracic injuries and intra-abdominal injuries were diagnosed in 8(12.5%) and 27 patients(42.3%), thoracic and abdominal combined injuries were identified in 11 patients(17.2%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of emergency ultrasonography were 96.3%, 91.7%, 94.9%. This study suggests that all unconscious trauma patients undergo immediate emergency ultrasonography to prevent missing life-threatening injuries.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 알부민뇨와 심혈관계 질환의 유병율에 대한 연구

강태수,최소래,김영아,박흥수,서정건,황학진,윤세정,신석균,강신욱,최규헌,이호영,한대석,허애정,하성규 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.5

Microcomputer 活用方案에 關한 考察

姜聲洙 晋州敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1984 科學敎育硏究 Vol.10 No.-

부산 제2롯데월드 건립이 영도발전에 미치는 영향분석 : 사회·경제적 기대효과에 대한 주민의식조사 및 경제성 파급효과분석 Resident Survey and Economic Analysis on Socio-economic influences

강성권,이수호 고신대학교 영도발전연구소 2001 영도연구 Vol.3 No.-

The resident survey and economic analysis on the effect of the Lotte-World at Nampo-Dong is intended for accumulating the data for the development of Youngdo-Gu. The residents think that the Lotte-World at Nampo-dong will have a great influence on the social behaviour, economy, culture, tourism, employment etc. of Youngdo-Gu. Taking advantage of the construction of the Lotte-World, restructuring of land space, maintenance of traffic systems, construction of urban inhabitant facilities will be carried forward in Youngdo-Gu. The economic effect of the Lotte-World does not seem to be large on the basis of the present industrial structure and urban infra of Youngdo-Gu. The participation of the construction corporation of Youngdo-Gu in the construction period of the Lotte-World seems to be small. But workers from Youngdo-Gu at the construction site will be able to earn their wages. After construction, the consumption of the average employee and his family at the Lotte-World will have a considerable influence on the economy of Youndo-Gu. The sales of commodities produced by the company of Youngdo-Gu will be a trifling and it will not influence the economy of Youngdo- Gu. The sightseeing expenditure to Youngdo of the visitor at the Lotte-World will be significant, and the development of marine sightseeing resources and the construction of infra will make this possible. To maximize the effect of the Lotte-World, various regional development projects such as the creation of a urban business district, preparation of a marine sightseeing complex, development of a service industry, development of a high value-added urban marine industry and the creation of a high-level marine resident complex must be pushed forward during the construction of the Lotte-World.

스포츠 동기 질문지의 타당화 : Ⅱ. 이론모델의 검증

강상조,한성수 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 韓國體育大學校附屬 體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구는 스포츠 동기 질문지(SMS)의 이론구조모델을 검증하기 위한 것이다. 430명의 대학과 실업팀 선수들을 대상으로 스포츠 동기의 이론모델의 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 LISREL 8.12 프로그램을 이용하여 확인적 요인분석이 시행되었다. 원래의 25문항 질문지를 이용한 이론 모델의 모든 부합도 지수들은 수용 불가능한것으로 나타났다. 따라서 연구 1이 측정모델에서 확인된 14문항을 바탕으로 3개의 대안모델이 제시되었다; 기본모델, 완전모델, 전환모델. 분석결과 Butt의 이론모델(기본모델)이 다른 두 대안모델에 비하여 가장 좋은 지수를 보이며 모델로서 인정되었다. 그러나 모든 모델이 GFI, AGFI는 권장수준 이상이나 CFI, NNFI는 수용 가능한 범위를 보이며 다소 미흡한 지수를 보였다. 기타 제안모델의 추정계수들에 대한 통계적 정보를 제공해주는 세부적인 검증에 의한 t-value, 표준화 계수값, 측정오차에 의한 평가는 Butt가 제안한 이론 모델만을 지지해주는 것으로 나타났다. The present study was designed to test the validity as a structural model of SMS, Sport Motivations Scale that aggressive motivation and conflict are most likely to lead to competitive social motivation while competence is most likely to lead to cooperative social motivation. The models were tested by SMS data collected from 430 players of university and professional teams. The LISREL 8.12 computer program was employed to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis to access the tenability of theoretical model of sport motivations. A structural model by original 25-items SMS was showed unacceptable index, therefore, suggested three-alternative models(basic model, exchange model, and full model) by 14-items that verified on study I. The test result was that Butt's theoretical model(basic model) showed the most acceptable index more than other two-models. But basic model, exchange model and full model were turned out to be above the recommended guidelines on GFI, AGFI, while to be below on CFI, NNFI. In addition, others fit measures tests by t-value by goodness of fit. Standardized beta coefficients and measurement error was revaled that they supported only Butts's model.

14각형 헥사아자 거대고리 구리(II)착물과 음이온의 반응에 미치는 리간드의 치환기 효과

姜信杰,李成得성득,權在槿,鄭守炅 大邱大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Reactions of copper(In complexes of 1, 8-dimethyl-, 1, 8-diethyl-, and 1, 8-dipropyl-1, 3, 6, 8, 11, 13-hexaazacyclotertradecanes(A, B, and C, respectively) with halide and pseudohalide ions have been studied in aqueous solutions by spectrophotometric method. It is observed that the equilibrium constants(K) of these reactions decrease with the ligand structure in the order A> B>C for anions and decrase with the anions in the order SCN^(-)>N_(3)^(-)>Br^(-)>Cl^(-) for complexes. The values of K increased with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters obtained from the equilibrium constants are investigated.

馬山港 活成化方案에 관한 硏究

姜龍洙,河文植,李相斗,朴起東 昌原大學校 産業經濟硏究所 1984 産經硏究 Vol.1 No.-

스타인메츠결선 자기여자 유도 발전기의 커패시턴스 결정

강상수,좌종근 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2007 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

This paper describes a simple and straightforward method for determining the minimum capacitance required to self excitation in a three-phase induction generator with Steinmetz connection. Using the input impedance of the induction generator and the self-excitation condition, the capacitance is computed by real and imaginary function in an application software. This solution method is applied to determine the capacitance required to maintain the specified terminal voltage when the generator is supplying load. The computed results are compared with Chan and Lai's results to verify the proposed method.