前腕部 經穴 取穴에서 骨度分寸法과 一夫法의 比較 硏究

박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.

Material Balance and Metabolic Flux Analysis for Styrene Epoxidation Reaction by a styC Knockout Mutant of Pseudomonas Putida SN1

Jong_Wan Bae,Seung-Hyuk Kim,Sun-Gu Lee,Sunghoon Park 한국생물공학회 2005 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.4

18세기 말 병산서원의 강학 활동과 그 의의

박종배(Park, Jong-Bae) 대동한문학회 2021 大東漢文學 Vol.67 No.-

이 논문에서는 먼저 17~18세기 병산서원의 교육 상황을 살펴본 다음, 18세기 말 병산서원에서 이루어진 ‘通讀’과 ‘居齋’, ‘考講’ 등의 강학 활동의 배경 및 성격에 대해 알아보았다. 그리고 강학 활동 이후의 병산서원에 생겨난 변화들을 살펴보면서 18세기 말의 강학 활동이 병산서원의 역사에서 갖는 의의에 대해 논의하였다. 논문에서 살펴본 바에 따르면, 병산서원의 강학 활동은 18세기 서원 강학 운동을 배경으로 이루어진 것으로, 강학의 유형이나 방식 면에서 전혀 새로울 게 없는 성격의 것이었다. 안동이나 인근 영남 지역 서원들의 상황에 비추어 보아도 시기상 늦게 이루어진 편에 속한다. 하지만 그것이 이후 병산서원의 역사에 미친 영향은 결코 작지 않았다. 1781년 류종춘이 원장을 맡으면서 시작된 일련의 강학 활동은 병산서원이 침체를 벗어나 중흥의 길에 들어서는 결정적 계기가 되었다고 할 수 있다. In the late 18th century, three types of educational activities were held at Byeongsan Confucian Academy: “Tongdok[whole reading seminar],” “Geojae[boarding study],” and “Gogang[examination].” In this paper, I first examined the educational situation of Byeongsan Confucian Academy in the 17th and 18th centuries, and then examined the types, backgrounds, and characteristics of the educational activities conducted at Byeongsan Confucian Academy in the late 18th century. In addition, I discussed the significance of educational activities in the history of Byeongsan Confucian Academy, looking at the changes that occurred in Byeongsan Confucian Academy after these educational activities. According to the paper, Byeongsan Confucian Academy s educational activities were based on the 18th century Seowon[Confucian Academy] Educational Movement, and there was nothing new in terms of the type or method of teaching. Considering the situation of the Confucian academies in Andong and nearby Yeongnam area, it is considered to be late in the period. However, their impact on the history of Byeongsan Confucian Academy was never small. A series of educational activities, which began in 1781 when Ryu Jong-chun was the director, served as a decisive opportunity for Byeongsan Confucian Academy to escape the recession and enter the path of restoration.

경주지역 여고생의 초경과 체성장간의 관계

김준섭,권오구,박진석,오종수,박정현,박제식,안세한,이용환,서정호,신태섭,최영배,김덕수,이관,박수경 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 경주지역 1개 고등학교 3학년 여고생을 대상으로 초경 시작 전인 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 키, 몸무게, 가슴둘레 수치와 초경 연령을 파악하여 여성의 초경이 빠를수록 체성장 속도의 변화가 있을 것이라는 가설을 기초로 두 요인간의 관련성을 파악하고자 시행되었다. 경주시 1개 여자고등학교 3학년생 총 317명에 대해 ㅊ경 나이, 초경시 심리 상태, 초경이 시작되었을 때의 상담 여부와 상담하였던 사람, 부모 신장과 초경전후의 식사 규칙성, 다이어트 경험, 수면시간, 스트레스, 음주/흡연 여부, 질병력 등에 대한 설문 조사를 시행하였고, 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 키, 몸무게, 가슴둘레에 대한 정보는 건강기록부에서 확보하였다. 상기 대상자 중 건강기록부가 분실된 39명, 초경나이에 대해 응답하지 않았던 29명 및 결석 등으로 조사를 하지 못하였던 42명을 제외한 조사 대상자는 206명으로 선정하였다. 대상자들의 초경연령 평균값(Mean±SD)은 13.0±1.11이었고, 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 초경 이후 신장 성장률은 감소하였으며, 초경연령이 빠른 군이 초등학교 때는 신장에 있어서 우위를 차지하나 고등학교에 오면서 신장은 비슷한 수준이 되었다. 초경후 1-2년 사이에 체중과 흉위의 증가율은 감소하였고, 초경연령이 빠른 군이 초등학교와 고등학교 사이에 체중과 흉위에서 모두 우위를 차지하였다. 본 연구의 결과는, 흔히 이차 성징의 시작 시점 혹은 사춘기의 시작 시점으로 보고있는 초경 연령이 청소년기의 성장과 밀접한 관련성이 있고, 특히 체중과 흉위의 성장 속도와 밀접한 관련성이 있음을 시사한다. To understand the onset of menarche in relation to changes in physical growth that take place during female adolescence, especially the changes in height and weight velocity. The 207 senior in one women high school of Kyongju were investigated in April 3 to 8, 2001. We collected the information, relation in the age at menarche, height & weight of parents, regularity of eating, and obesity diet, duration of sleeping, sickness & stress near age at menarche, by self-recording. The status of height, weight & chest circumference between the 4th grade of primary school and the junior of high school was collected by individual Health Record. The results were followed; The average age at menarche was 12.95±1.11 years old and the most frequent age of menarche is 13 years. After menarche, the velocity of height, weight and chest circumference were decreased. The most rapid group of menarche hold dominant position in height during elementary school. As time passed, they dont hold dominant position in height. The most rapid group of menarche get an advantage in the weight and the girth of chest after elementary school. The height of subjects is directly proportional to the height of their parents. These results suggest that the starting age at menestuation can be closely associated with physical growth and development.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

Elevational Distribution of Breeding Bird Communities in Seoraksan National Park, Korea

Hwang, Hyun-Su,Lee, Jae-Kang,Eom, Tae-Kyung,Bae, Ho-Kyoung,Lee, Dong-Ho,Lim, Jong-Hwan,Jung, Sung-Cheol,Park, Chan-Ryul,Rhim, Shin-Jae Korean Society of Forest Science 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.1

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

Elevational Distribution of Breeding Bird Communities in Seoraksan National Park, Korea

( Hyun-su Hwang ),( Jae-kang Lee ),( Tae-kyung Eom ),( Ho-kyoung Bae ),( Dong-ho Lee ),( Jong-hwan Lim ),( Sung-cheol Jung ),( Chan-ryul Park ),( Shin-jae Rhim ) 한국산림과학회(구 한국임학회) 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.1

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

설악산국립공원 멸종위기 산양(Naemorhedus caudatus) 개체군 크기와 서식지 이용 현황

조재운 ( Chea Un Cho ),김규철 ( Kyu Cheol Kim ),권구희 ( Gu Hui Kwon ),김기윤 ( Ki Yoon Kim ),이배근 ( Bae Keun Lee ),송병철 ( Bung Cheol Song ),박종길 ( Jong Gil Park ) 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.5

본 연구에서는 설악산국립공원에 서식하는 멸종위기종 산양과 서식지의 보전 및 관리를 위해 산양의 분변 및 카메라 트랩을 이용한 개체수와 서식지 이용 분석을 2010~2014년 동안 수행하였으며 생태학적 조사 방법(흔적조사, 카메라트 랩조사)을 사용하였다. 분변 조사와 카메라트랩핑 분석 결과 각각 166개체 및 251개체의 산양이 설악산국립공원에 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 흔적조사(분변)를 통한 서식지 이용 특성 분석에서 산양은 경사도 35°~60°, 고도 600~700m, 향 북동, 수계와의 거리 0~50m, 도로와의 거리 300~600m, 활엽수림을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 카메라트랩 조사를 통한 산양 개체군 구성, 주간(07-18시)이 56.5%, 야간(18-07시)이 43.5%로 산양의 활동성을 파악하였다. 이러한 산양의 개체수와 서식지 이용 특성 분석은 향후 그들이 살아가는 서식지의 보전과 서식지의 관리를 위한 중요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This study was conducted investigate population size and habitat use for the conservation and management of the endangered long-tailed goral in the Seoraksan National Park using feces and camera trap during 2010 to 2014 (track survey, camera trap). As a result of feces tracking and camera trap, its population size was estimated as 160 (camera trap)~251 (feces) individuals in the Seoraksan National Park. The goral prefer 35°~60° (slope), 600~700m (elevation), NE (aspect), 0~50m (distance to stream), 300~600m (distance to road) and bread-leaved forest (forest type) according to field tracking of fecal. Based on field camera trap, we estimated the age classes of goral populations and activity of gorals during day-time (07-18 time, 56.5%) and night-time (18-07 time, 43.5%). Such analyses of population size and habitat use of the goral could be applied as important fundamental data for conservation of gorals and management of their habitats.

有限要素法에 依한 陶材 金屬間의 應力 分析

朴贊云,裵泰聖,朴鍾萬 全北大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

Since the introduction of ceramo-metal system in dentistry, many investigators have attempted to measure the bond strengths between the porcelains and the alloys. In this paper, 3-point and 4-point flexure test of Ni-Cr plate, being used in this experiment, and ceramometal system were analyzed for displacements and stress distributions using finite element method(F.E.M).

음악감상이 수술실에서 마취전 환자의 불안에 미치는 영향

배진호,박종국 충북대학교 의학연구소 2000 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.10 No.1

연구목적: 수술을 받기 위해 대기하고 있는 대부분의 환자들은 마취전에 심한 불안을 느낀다. 이러한 불안은 마취전투약과 수술 중 필요한 마취제의 투약에도 영향을 미칠 수 있으며 또 수술후의 통증에도 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 음악의 청취는 사람의 마음을 안정시켜주는 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있는데 이러한 음악 감상이 수술전환자의 경우에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 수 있는가 보기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 80명의 환자를 무작위로 분류하여 음악을 듣는 군(group Ⅰ)과 듣지 않는 군(Group Ⅱ)으로 분류하였다. 병실에서 혈역학적 지표를 측정하고 1군은 환자가 선택한 음악을 듣게하였다. 수술실에 막 도착하였을 때와 마취를 시작하기 직전에 환자의 불안 점수를 측정하였다. 수술 후 이삼일째에 음악에 대한 환자의 만족도를 측정하였다. 결과: Ⅰ군의 수축기 혈압이 Ⅱ군의 불안 점수는 Ⅱ군에 비해 의미있게 낮았다. 결론 : 음악 청취는 마취전 환자의 불안을 감소시키는데 효과적으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: Most surgical patients experience preoperative anxiety. This anxiety can effect postoperative pain. Music has been recognized as a method to reduce anxiety and fear. The effects of music listening on the preanesthetic patient's anxiety in the operating room were studied. Materials and Methods: 80 patients were randomly divided into two groups; music listening group(Group Ⅰ) and non-listening group(Group Ⅱ). At ward, hemodynamic variables including systolic and diastolic blood pressur pressure and Pulse rate were measured as control values. Then Group I patients started to listen the music selected by patients. Hemodynamic values and measurements of anxiety score with Hamilton anxiety rating scale Were measured at two times; just arrival at operating room and just before anesthetic induction. Also, patient's response to the music was measured on the postoperative 2-3rd day. Reaults : There were no significant changes in terms of systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and pulse rate except the systolic pressure that is greater than that of controls in Group Ⅱ patients. In Group I patients, anxiety score was significantly lower than that of control(10.5±3.7 vs 4.4±3.1, 5.1±3.9). At post-music, anxiety score in Group I showed significant reduced compared with Group Ⅱ (p<0.05) Patients showed relatively good satisfaction with music in both groups. Conclusion : The results suggest that music therapy was effective to reduce preanesthetic anxiety.