MassGathering의 위험성 대응을 위한 Haddon Matrix 개념모델의 적용

최진혁 경찰대학교 2010 경찰학연구 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine risk factors affecting mass gatherings and to formulate an effective strategy in responding to crises and/or emergencies in mass gatherings. To achieve the aim of this study, the researcher proposed to extend the use of the Haddon matrix and utilized a conceptual framework approach—the Haddon's matrix model—to identify strategic countermeasures so as to effectively mitigate risks and threats in mass gatherings. Mass gatherings are quite vulnerable to man-made disasters, such as stampede, terrorist attacks, and criminal activities, etc., often resulting in loss of lives and significant economic(financial) damages. In this study, the researcher adopted the Haddon matrix to provide organizers of mass gatherings and related authorities a systematic framework for identifying issues and presenting potential preventive strategies to address threats to and problems in mass gatherings. The Haddon matrix, created by W. Haddon, Jr. to assist in both understanding the processes by which injuries occur and devising ideas for preventing injuries, is quite a useful tool either to identify risk factors or to develop a diverse array of preventive countermeasures. Though it was developed in the context of injury control and response strategies, the Haddon's matrix well demonstrated the value of using a conceptual framework to better understand risk factors, prioritize emergency response requirements, and examine appropriate countermeasures. The researcher noted that the Haddon matrix model can be an excellent tool for brainstorming ideas about a wide range of strategies for risk-reducing at mass gatherings. The researcher thus examined the applicability of Haddon’s matrix from both a theoretical and a practical perspective, and developed a matrix(grid) model, consisted of three rows and four columns, combining concepts(columns) of Host - Agent/Vector - Physical Environment - Social Environment as targets of change with different phases(rows) of Pre-Event, Event, and Post-Event. In this study, the researcher formulated a hypothesis on the potential danger of terrorist attacks at mass gatherings and then applied an enhanced type of Haddon matrix model, focusing upon how to assess threats, identify risk factors, facilitate countermeasures, and increase the level of preparedness in emergency management and crisis response at mass gatherings. The researcher also emphasized extensive pre-planning and inter-agency cooperation, like partnering, as essential elements to mitigate risks and threats in mass gatherings. In conclusion, this explorative research adopts a touchstone-type paradigm in emergency preparedness and crisis management/response at mass gatherings utilizing a conceptual framework—the Haddon matrix model—to mitigate risks and threats and identify preventive strategies. Further and more practical research and trans-disciplinary interchange would be expected in the future.

CPTED 기법의 산업보안 적용 가능성에 대한 질적 연구

최진혁 치안정책연구소 2010 치안정책연구 Vol.24 No.1

This study aimed to find the possibility of and primary factors influencing the adaptation of CPTED(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) into the filed of industrial security, to investigate the effectiveness of CPTED approaches in preventing economic(or corporate) espionage attempts, and to examine the relationship between CPTED and other crime prevention strategies. This research also tried to investigate the usefulness of CPTED as a measure to enhance the effectiveness of industrial security programs. The researcher in this study mainly used qualitative case study to analyze the data collected during the research. The researcher interviewed 10 professionals in or related to the industrial security compound, utilizing R. Legard's in-depth interviews, a purposive sampling, and the grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin. Specifically, the researcher used semi-structured interviews, applied an inductive categorial system for the analysis of collected data, and referred to open, axial and selective coding adapted from the grounded theory. The main participants of this qualitative case study consisted of four security professionals, working either for corporations/banks or at an institute, and six experts--an attorney at law, two professors, a journalist, a police officer, and a government official--related to the industrial security field. The researcher interviewed 10 subjects from August 2009 to April 2010. This study utilized interviewees, literatures, news articles, and other Internet resources relating to the subject of this study for triangulation of data. The research design used for this study was a self-reflective inquiry. The collected data were analyzed using the inductive method--inductive categorial system--for the reflective notes and constant comparison for the interviews. The audio files recorded during each interview were carefully examined to observe commonalities and differences between and/or among participants. The findings during this research are as follows. Above of all, the institutionalization of CPTED into the field of industrial security is feasible and can be a good strategy for both preventing corporate or economic espionage attempts and protecting information and technologies of an enterprise. The broad nature of the CPTED approach allows its useful adaptation into industrial(or corporate) security programs, and the research results indicate that it is quite an effective approach to reducing crime and economic espionage threats to corporations. This research also found the effectiveness of CPTED in preventing corporate or economic espionage attempts, particularly when united with comprehensive physical security programs. This study, in conclusion, suggests that CPTED, for sure, can effectively be adapted into the filed of industrial security, and that CPTED thus is a useful measure to both enhance the effectiveness of industrial security programs in terms of its traditional crime prevention strategies and reduce opportunities of crime as well, as CPTED approaches have done since its birth. Further interdisciplinary and practical research would be urgently required to develop a strategic CPTED-industrial security model in the Korean context.

Cisplatin을 포함하는 복합 항암화학요법후의 저마그네슘혈증

최진혁 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1995 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.18 No.1

The development of hypomagnesemia was investigated retrospectively in 25 patients with malignancy treated with cisplatin containing combination at the first time. Serum magnesium levels were measured 1 day after completion of cisplatin infusion. The most common type of cancer was lung cancer(9 patients) followed ny gastric cancer(5 patients), pancreas cancer, unknown prinary cancer(2 patients, respectively) and so on. EP(etoposide, cisplatin)was the most frequently administered regimen. Five patients had previous history of chemotherapy. While 10 patients received cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m^2(body surface area) or more, 15 patients received less than mg/m^2. The mean serum magnesium concentration after chemotherapy was 1.93±0.25mg/dl(1.5-2.6mg/dl), and 8 patients(32.0%) developed hypomagnesemia(<1.9mg/sl). The incidence of hypomagnesemia showed no correlation among age of patients, dose of cisplatin, history of previous chemotherapy and regimens of chemotherapy. The serum potassium concentration after chemotherapy was not statistically different compared with that of before chemotherapy. There was no episode of symptomatic hypomagnesemia. In conclusion, hypomagnesemia is relatively common side effect of cisplatin infusion, therefore, frequent measurement of serum magnesium concentration should be mandatory in patients redeiving cisplatin containing chemotherapy.

개심술(開心術)의 임상적 고찰 : 치험 200예 200 Cases

최형호,서홍주,임영혁,김정중,배대양,이석기,임진수 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives: Two hundred cases of the open heart surgery due to congenital and acquired heart disease were done using the cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chosun University Hospital from November, 1980 to June, 2001. Material and Methods: The number of congenital heart disease was 132 cases. 68 cases were acquired heart disease. 'The age of the congenital heart disease was from 22 days to 45 years. In the acquired heart disease, the age was from 14 to 72 years. Result: Congenital heart disease consisted of 113 congenital acyanotic heart disease, 19 congenital cyanotic heart disease. Corrective operation was done for congenital heart disease with 4. 5 % operative mortality. Of 68 cases acquired heart disease, 44 patients were valvular heart disease, 3 cardiac tumors, 9 ischemic heart diseases, 12 aortic dissections and etc. The operative mortality was 13%. Conclusion: The postoperative complications were appeared in 68 cases and the complications were wound infection, occipital alopecia, low cardiac output syndrome, arrhythmia, septicemia etc. The mortality after open heart surgery was 15 cases and the causes of death were low cardiac output syndrome, septicemia, respiratory failure and left ventricle rupture.

시간대를 고려한 교통발생 행태 분석 : 서울시를 중심으로

최연숙,정진혁 중앙대학교 건설환경연구소 2001 環境科學硏究 Vol.12 No.1

In this paper trip generation patterns by time of day are explored to understand household-base travel making behaviors. Understanding of the trip-making behavior by time of day is a crucial aspect in travel demand forecast in future as well as an empty hall in classical four-step demand forecast procedure. In this paper, data collected in Seoul, Korea in 1997 is utilized in analysis and modeling. Cluster analysis technique is employed to group households, which has similar travel making patterns by time-of-day. The resulting cluster groups are adopted to construct multinominal logit models. The results show that the models developed provide trip-making patterns in households highly depend on the socio-economic characteristics of household such as household size, number of employers, number of cars owned and so forth. In addition, these results imply that the model developed in these study is reliable and a promising practical improvement to traditional four-step procedure.

골반과 하지운동이 편마비 환자의 보행에 미치는 영향

최진호,김영록,권혁철 한국전문물리치료학회 1997 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Videodensitometer를 이용한 치은연하소파술후 치간골 골밀도의 변화

최진근,이만섭,권영혁 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of interproximal bone density by means of videodensitometer and to examine the clinical applicability of videodentitometer to assess the periodontal disease activity: Twelve interproximal sites, with periodontal pockets deeper than 5mm and vertical Loss of bone on standard dental radiograph, were treated by subgingival curettage. The papilla bleeding index, the plaque index, the degree of mobility, the depth of pockets, and the level of attachment were measured. Standardized reproducible radiographs were taken by using the occlusal stent with parallelling film holder. The density of the interdental bone was measured on the radiographs by a videodensitometer at three levels : the most 'superficial' level; the 'deep' level, arbitrarily 1.5mm below; and the `apical' level, where no bony changes were to be expected. The clinical parameter and the radiographical change were measured at initial, and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. The results were as follows 1. The papilla bleeding index and the degree of mobility decreased significantly until 3 months after subgingival curettage and showed the same level in the remaining experimental periods. 2. The pocket depth mainly decreased due to the gingival recession until 1 month after treatment, but to the attachment gain after 1 month. 3. The density of the interdental bone did not show a significance increase until 1 month after treatment, but showed a steady increase throughout the 6 months of observation. 4. The close relationships were shown between the decrease in pocket depth and the gain of attachment and the improvement of bone density at 6 months after treatment.

제 2급 와동에서 구치부 복합레진의 미세변연누출에 관한 연구

최수진,김미자,권혁춘 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.3

The use of flowable composite resins as liners in class Ⅱ packable composite restoration has been suggested by some manufactures. However, the contributions of this technique are unproven. The purpose of this study was to compare the gingival microleakage in class Ⅱ packable composite restorations with or without the use of flowable composite resins as liners. Slot cavities were prepared on both proximals of 80 extracted human molars and randomly assigned to 8 groups of 20 each. The gingival margins were located at 1mm above CEJ in 80 cavities (group1-4) and 1mm below CEJ in 80 cavities (group5-8). The prepared teeth were mounted in the customized tray with adjacent teeth to simulate clinical conditions and metallic matrix band (Sectional matrix) and wooden wedges were applied. After acid etching and application of Single Bond, each group was restored with the following materials using incremental placement technique: Group 1,5 (Filtek P60), group 2, 3, 4 and group 6, 7, 8 (AeliteFlo, TetricFlow, Revolution/Filtek P60). All specimens were thermocycled 500 times between 5℃ and 55℃ with 1 mimute dwell time, immersed 2% methylene blue dye for 24 hours and then rinsed with tab water. The specimens were embedded in clear resin and sectioned longitudinally through the center of restoration with a low speed diamond saw. Dye penetration at gingival margin was viewed at 20 margnification and analyzed on a scale of 0 to 4. Kruscal-Wallis One way analysis and Mann-Whitney Rank sum test were used to analyze the results. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The leakage values seen at the enamel margin were significantly lower than those seen at the dentin margin(P<0.05). 2. On the enamel margin, packable composite resins with flowable liners showed lower leakage than those without flowable liners, but there were no significant differences among the four groups(P>0.05). 3. On the dentin margin, four groups demonstrated moderate to severe leakage, and there were no significant differences in leakage values(P>0.05).

비소세포성 폐암 환자에서 혈청 CEA 측정의 의의

최진혁 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1995 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.18 No.2

Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) were determined in 65 patients with non-small cell lung cancer to investigate the correlation with clinico-pathologic characteristics. The most common histologic type was sdenocarcinoma(44.6%), followed by sqaumous cell carcinoma(41.5%) and large cell carcinoma(9.2%). Many patients were in unresectable advanced stage(ⅢB : 21.5%, Ⅳ : 46.2%). Serum CEA was positive(defined as>10ng/ml) in 28 patients(43.1%). The positivity of Serum CEA was signigicantly higher in adenocarcinoma(69.0%) than that in sqaumous cell carcinoma(25.9%) and large cell carcinoma(0.0%)(p=0.0004). There was no statistically significant difference in positivity of CEA according to stages. Serum CEA level does not seem to be seletive or specific standard tumor marker of non-small cell lung cancer patients. However, it may be useful as prognostic marker or monitor of treatment results, especially in adenocarcinoma.

아파트형 공장의 기준층규모별 CORE 공간구성비에 관한 연구

김진태,정지석,최무혁 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(계획계)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the decision factors of core size and their area ratio by the typical floor size of apartment-type factories in Seoul. The process of this study 1) investigated the decision factors of core size through documents, 2)analyzed and researched the decision factors of core size with a case of apartment-type factories. The results of this stud were as follows; 1)The core area ratio of apartment-type factories was on an average investigated into 21.73%, 2)The core type of One side A was used in small typical floor size, and the core type of Center was used in large typical floor size, 3)The area ratio of core constitution elements was investigated into elevators 13.81%, corridors 52.62%, stairs 13.85%, toilets 12.93%, and the others 5.19%.