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김현숙 ( Hyun Sook Kim ),이재환 ( Jae Hwan Lee ),성인환 ( In Whan Seong ),이승환 ( Seung Whan Lee ),이경석 ( Kyoung Suk Rhee ),김원호 ( Won Ho Kim ),고재기 ( Jae Ki Ko ) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2007 全北醫大論文集 Vol.31 No.1
Objectives: Paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) and sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) are more effective than bare-metal stent for reducing restenosis. However, it is not known whether there are differences between PES and SES in terms of safety and efficacy in the setting of ST-elecation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods and Results: Acute STEMI patients (n=231) undergoing primary stenting were randomly assigned to PES (n=115) or SES (n=116) treatment. Primary end point was in-segment late loss at 6 months. Secondary end points were 6-month angiographic restenosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 9 months. At 6 months, in-segment late loss was higher in the PES than the SES group (0.33±0.70 vs. 0.05±0.40mm, respectively, p<0.001). During 9-month follow-up, 14 (6.1%) patients were died (9 in PES, 5 in SES group). Nine-month TLR (7.8% vs. 2.6%, p=0.09) and MACE (15.7% vs. 6.9%, p= NS) tended to be lower in SES group than PES group. Conclusions: Both PES and SES implantation was safe, and both showed favorable clinical outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty. SES appeared to be superior to PES in preventing neointimal hyperplasia.
Overview of recent progress in 3D field physics in KSTAR
Park Gunyoung,In Yongkyoon,Park Jong-Kyu,Ko Won-Ha,Lee Jaehyun,Kim Minwoo,Shin Giwook,Hahn Sang-Hee,Kim SangKyeun,Yang Seong Moo,Hu Qiming,Rhee Tongnyeol,Choi Minjun J.,Kim Kimin,Lee Hyung-Ho,Jeon You 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.80 No.8
Various 3D field physics challenges of magnetically confined plasmas arise when the driving source comes from either externally applied non-axisymmetric 3D magnetic perturbations or plasma instabilities inside the plasma. Recently, several key outstanding topics of 3D field physics have been extensively studied in the Korean Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR), such as edge-localized-mode (ELM) control by resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP), error field (EF) control, 3D field effects on rotation and transport, and RMP-induced alteration of divertor heat flux and detachment. KSTAR has a few physically unique features (i.e., high rotation and long-pulse plasmas with a low intrinsic EF) and machine/diagnostic capabilities (i.e., 3-row in-vessel control coil and state-of-the-art 2D/3D imaging diagnostics), which have been taken advantage of until now to address critical 3D field physics issues relevant to ITER and K-DEMO. Among many remarkable achievements are the robust access to and control of n = 1 RMP ELM suppression, along with a development of its physics basis tools, parameter expansion, optimization, and long-pulse control techniques. Nonetheless, a series of unresolved 3D physics themes, as well as limited coverage of 3D field operating regimes, have also been identified as future works for the 3D field research in KSTAR. In this paper, we provide an overview about the recent progress of KSTAR 3D field physics and present future plans of KSTAR 3D research toward a future fusion reactor.
밀폐형 Bench - scale reactor 에서의 우분 퇴비화시 Aeration 이 생물학적 활성에 미치는 영향
이인구,강항원,박향미,고지연,Zhang, Ruihong,박경배 한국환경농학회 1998 한국환경농학회지 Vol.17 No.3
밀폐형 bench-scale reactor(242ℓ)에 thermocouples, oxygen sensor 및 datalogger 등을 연결하여 우분과 볏짚 혼합물의 퇴비화 촉진 및 양질의 퇴비생산을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 공기주입량(0.09, 0.18, 0.90, 1.79ℓmin^(-1)㎏ dry solids^(-1))에 따른 생물학적 활성 변수들의 일시적이고 공간적인 변화를 모니터링한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 공기주입량이 높을수록 퇴비화 초기 및 뒤집기 이후 단계 모두 부숙온도의 증가 및 감속속도가 빨랐고 퇴적물과 배출공기의 온도차이는 적었으며, 모든 처리에서 퇴적물의 경우 50∼53℃에서 약 5시간 동안, 배출공기는 45℃에서 약 5∼15시간 동안 온도정지기를 보인 후 다시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 최대온도는 퇴비화 초기단계에서는 공기주입량이 많을수록 감소하였지만 뒤집기 이후 단계에서는 1.79ℓmin^(-1)㎏^(-1)처리를 제외하고는 그 반대 경향이었으며, 퇴적물의 최고온도 도달시간은 초기 및 뒤집기 이후 단계 모두 공기주입량이 적을수록 늦었다. 45℃이상의 고온 유지시간은 공기주입량이 증가할수록 급격히 감소하였고, 퇴비화 초기단계에 있어서 0.09 및 0.18ℓmin^(-1)㎏^(-1) 처리는 45∼54.9℃의 유지시간이 가장 길었다. 배출공기의 최저 산소농도 및 최대 산소비율은 공기주입량이 많을수록 높아지는 경향이었으나 그 수준에 도달하는 시간은 일정한 경향이 없었다. This experiment used the enclosed bench-scale reactors of 242 liters was conducted to obtain basic data on temporal and spatial variations in temperature, oxygen and moisture content, which were important factors of biological activities, during composting of mixture of dairy manure and rice straw. The reactors with thermocouples, oxygen sensor and datalogger were aerated at four different rates of 0.09, 0.18, 0.90 and 1.79ℓmin^(-1) ㎏ dry solids^(-1). The higher aeration rates were, the faster the rates of increase and decrease in composting temperature were in both of initial and turnover stage, and the smaller the temperature difference between exhaust air and composting materials. Composting temperature of initial stage increased suddenly in all aeration rates, then stationary phase of temperature in materials and exhaust air showed at 50∼53℃ for 5 hours and at 45℃ between 5 and 15 hours, respectively. In initial stage the maximum temperature was decreased with increasing aeration rates but in the stage after turnover it was the opposite except for 1.79ℓmin^(-1)㎏^(-1). Time arrived at the maximum temperature of composting materials was later in low-aeration rates than high-aeration rates at both stages. Time maintained high-temperature more than 45℃ was rapidly decreased with increasing aeration rates. In initial stage of composting maintaining time of 65℃ or more was the longest in the treatments of 0.09 and 0.18ℓmin^(-1)㎏^(-1), while those of 55∼65℃ and 45∼55℃ was in 0.90 and 1.79ℓmin^(-1)㎏^(-1), respectively. The minimum oxygen content and the maximum oxygen consumption rate in exhaust air through composting materials showed the increased trends with increasing aeration rates. In initial stage the minimum oxygen content was ranged from 0.9% to 7.4% for 32 to 59.5 hours and the maximum oxygen consumption rate was 1.89∼6.48gh^(-1)㎏VS^(-1). In the stage after turnover their levels were 2.1∼19.9% and 1.76∼3.49g/h-㎏ VS, respectively, for 16 to 49.5 hours.
Pharmacologic inhibition of AKT leads to cell death in relapsed multiple myeloma
Song, In-Sung,Jeong, Yu Jeong,Jeong, Seung Hun,Kim, Hyoung Kyu,Ha, Nam-Chul,Shin, MyungGeun,Ko, Kyung Soo,Rhee, Byoung Doo,Shim, Sungbo,Jang, Sung-Wuk,Han, Jin Elsevier 2018 Cancer letters Vol.432 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma cell disorder with high disease recurrence rates. Novel therapeutic approaches capable of improving outcomes in patients with MM are urgently required. The AKT signalling plays a critical regulatory role in MM pathophysiology, including survival, proliferation, metabolism, and has emerged as a key therapeutic target. Here, we identified a novel AKT inhibitor, HS1793, and defined its mechanism of action and clinical significance in MM. HS1793 disrupted the interaction between AKT and heat shock protein 90, resulting in protein phosphatase 2A-modulated phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT) reduction. Moreover, we observed reductions in the kinase activity of the AKT downstream target, IκB kinase alpha, and the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa B, which induced mitochondria-mediated cell death in MM cells exclusively. We confirmed the cytotoxicity and specificity of HS1793 via PET-CT imaging of a metastatic mouse model generated using human MM cells. We also evaluated the cytotoxic effects of HS1793 in primary and relapsed MM cells isolated from patients. Thus, HS1793 offers great promise in eliminating MM cells and improving therapeutic responses in primary and relapsed/refractory MM patients.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> HS1793 suppresses AKT-HSP90 binding leading to AKT inactivation. </LI> <LI> Suppression of AKT-HSP90 binding result in the IKK/NF-κB pathway inhibition. </LI> <LI> HS1793 induces relapsed MM cell death, and decreases bone metastasis. </LI> </UL> </P>
( Young Won Ko ),( Seung Jun Rhee ),( In Woo Kim ),( Jae Doo Yoo ) 대한슬관절학회 2015 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.27 No.4
Purpose: Tunnel widening after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a frequently described phenomenon. The possible etiology is multi factorial with some mechanical and biological factors. Among those, we intended to determine the relation between the location and orientation of the femoral tunnel and the femoral tunnel enlargement after outside-in single-bundle ACL reconstruction. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study including 42 patients who received single-bundle ACL reconstruction with the outside-in technique was conducted. Femoral and tibial tunnel locations were evaluated with the quadrant method and bird’s-eye view using volume-rendering computed tomography. The angle and diameter of bone tunnel and the degree of tunnel enlargement were evaluated using standard radiographs. Results: The degree of femoral tunnel enlargements were 42% and 36% on the anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs, respectively, and the degree of tibial tunnel enlargements were 22% and 23%, respectively. Shallower location of the femoral tunnel was significantly correlated with greater femoral tunnel enlargement on the AP radiograph (r=0.998, p=0.004) and the lateral radiograph (r=0.72, p=0.005) as was the higher location of the femoral tunnel on the AP radiograph (r=0.47, p=0.01) and the lateral radiograph (r=0.36, p=0.009) at 12 months after surgery. Conclusions: This study revealed that more anterior and higher location and more horizontal orientation of the femoral tunnel in coronal plane could result in widening of the femoral tunnel in outside-in single-bundle ACL reconstruction.
Kim, Hyoung Kyu,Song, In-Sung,Lee, Sun Young,Jeong, Seung Hun,Lee, Sung Ryul,Heo, Hye Jin,Thu, Vu Thi,Kim, Nari,Ko, Kyung Soo,Rhee, Byoung Doo,Jeong, Dae Hun,Kim, Young Nam,Han, Jin Springer-Verlag 2014 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.466 No.12
<P>B7-H4 is a B7 family coregulatory protein that inhibits T cell-mediated immunity. B7-H4 is overexpressed in various cancers; however, the functional role of B7-H4 in cancer metabolism is poorly understood. Because mitochondria play pivotal roles in development, proliferation, and death of cancer cells, we investigated molecular and functional alterations of mitochondria in B7-H4-depleted HeLa cells. In a human study, overexpression of B7-H4 was confirmed in the cervices of adenocarcinoma patients (n = 3) compared to noncancer patients (n = 3). In the cell line model, B7-H4 depletion was performed by transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA). B7-H4 depletion suppressed oxygen consumption rate, ATP production, and mitochondrial membrane potential and mass and increased reactive oxygen species production. In particular, electron transport complex III activity was significantly impaired in siB7-H4-treated cells. Coincidently, depletion of B7-H4 suppressed major mitochondrial regulators (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha [PGC1-관] and mitochondrial transcription factor A), a component of oxidative phosphorylation (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1), and an antiapoptosis protein (Bcl-XL). Mitochondrial dysfunction in siRNA-treated cells significantly augmented oxidative stress, which strongly activated the JNK/P38/caspase axis in the presence of doxorubicin, resulting in increased apoptotic cell death. Investigating the mechanism of B7-H4-mediated mitochondrial modulation, we found that B7-H4 depletion significantly downregulated the cAMP/cAMP response element-binding protein/PGC1-관 signaling pathway. Based on these findings, we conclude that B7-H4 has a role in the regulation of mitochondrial function, which is closely related to cancer cell physiology and drug sensitivity.</P>
Resistance exercise improves cardiac function and mitochondrial efficiency in diabetic rat hearts
Ko, Tae Hee,Marquez, Jubert C.,Kim, Hyoung Kyu,Jeong, Seung Hun,Lee, SungRyul,Youm, Jae Boum,Song, In Sung,Seo, Dae Yun,Kim, Hye Jin,Won, Du Nam,Cho, Kyoung Im,Choi, Mun Gi,Rhee, Byoung Doo,Ko, Kyung Springer-Verlag 2018 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.470 No.2
<P>Metabolic disturbance and mitochondrial dysfunction are a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Resistance exercise (RE) not only enhances the condition of healthy individuals but could also improve the status of those with disease. However, the beneficial effects of RE in the prevention of DC and mitochondrial dysfunction are uncertain. Therefore, this study investigated whether RE attenuates DC by improving mitochondrial function using an in vivo rat model of diabetes. Fourteen Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats were assigned to sedentary control (SC, n = 7) and RE (n = 7) groups at 28 weeks of age. Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats were used as the non-diabetic control. The RE rats were trained by 20 repetitions of climbing a ladder 5 days per week. RE rats exhibited higher glucose uptake and lower lipid profiles, indicating changes in energy metabolism. RE rats significantly increased the ejection fraction and fractional shortening compared with the SC rats. Isolated mitochondria in RE rats showed increase in mitochondrial numbers, which were accompanied by higher expression of mitochondrial biogenesis proteins such as proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha and TFAM. Moreover, RE rats reduced proton leakage and reactive oxygen species production, with higher membrane potential. These results were accompanied by higher superoxide dismutase 2 and lower uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and UCP3 levels in RE rats. These data suggest that RE is effective at ameliorating DC by improving mitochondrial function, which may contribute to the maintenance of diabetic cardiac contractility.</P>
Dae Yun Seo,Hyo Bum Kwak,Sung Ryul Lee,Yeun Suk Cho,In-Sung Song,Nari Kim,Hyun Seok Bang,Byoung Doo Rhee,Kyung Soo Ko,Byung Joo Park,Jin Han 한국영양학회 2014 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.8 No.2
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Irisin, a newly identified hormone, is associated with energy homeostasis. We investigated whether aged garlic extract (AGE) and exercise training intervention could improve body weight, insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle fibronectin domain containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) levels, and plasma irisin in high-fat diet (HFD). MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a ND (normal diet, n = 5) or HFD (n = 28) for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups for the next 4 weeks: ND, (normal diet, n = 5), HFD (high-fat diet, n = 7), HFDA (high-fat diet + aged garlic extract, n = 7), HFDE (high-fat diet + exercise, n = 7), and HFDEA (high-fat diet + exercise + aged garlic extract, n = 7). Exercise groups performed treadmill exercises for 15-60 min, 5 days/week, and AGE groups received AGE (2.86 g/kg, orally injected) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: Significant decreases in body weight were observed in the ND, HFDE, and HFDEA groups, as compared with the HFD group. Neither intervention affected the masses of the gastrocnemius muscle or liver. There were no significant differences in glucose levels across the groups. The homeostatic model assessments of insulin resistance were significantly higher in the HFD group, as compared with the ND, HFDA, HFDE, and HFDEA groups. However, skeletal muscle FNDC-5 levels and plasma irisin concentrations were unaffected by AGE or exercise in obese rats. AGE supplementation and exercise training did not affect skeletal muscle FNDC-5 or plasma irisin, which are associated with insulin sensitivity in obese rats. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the protection against HFD-induced increases in body fat/weight and insulin resistance that are provided by AGE supplementation and exercise training may not be mediated by the regulation of FNDC-5 or irisin.
( In Sung Song ),( Yu Jeong Jeong ),( Bayalagmaa Nyamaa ),( Seung Hun Jeong ),( Hyoung Kyu Kim ),( Nari Kim ),( Kyung Soo Ko ),( Byoung Doo Rhee ),( Jin Han ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.10
SB743921 is a potent inhibitor of the spindle protein kinesin and is being investigated in ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of myeloma. However, little is known about the molecular events underlying the induction of cell death in multiple myeloma (MM) by SB743921, alone or in combination treatment. Here, we report that SB743921 induces mitochondria-mediated cell death via inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, but does not cause cell cycle arrest in KMS20 MM cells. SB743921-mediated inhibition of the NF-κB pathway results in reduced expression of SOD2 and Mcl-1, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. We also found that combination treatment with SB743921 and bortezomib induces death in bortezomib-resistant KMS20 cells. Altogether, these data suggest that treatment with SB743921 alone or in combination with bortezomib offers excellent translational potential and promises to be a novel MM therapy. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(10): 571-576]