Graphical Approaches for Planning Experiments­High Resolution Linear Graphs for Three­Level Designs

Lee, Sang-­Heon Military Operations Research Society of Korea 2003 한국국방경영분석학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The lack of consideration for statistical properties in Taguchi's three­level linear graphs is rectified. We propose a new set of linear graphs for the three­level orthogonal arrays according to the maximum resolution criterion. In the presence of two­factor interactions however, the serious bias of all the estimated effects as well as the estimated variance shows that these designs should not be employed. The various alternative designs are discussed.

Sealed amalgam restoration의 미세누출에 관한 연구

이상헌,이상훈,이재천 大韓小兒齒科學會 2000 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

아말감은 널리 사용되어 온 대표적 치과재료이지만 치질과의 접착서이 없어 와동의 형태에 의해 유지되는 단점을 가진다. 아말감 수복물은 산화물에 의한 변연봉쇄가 일어나기 전까지 초기에 큰 미세누출을 보이며 수복초기에 이를 적절하게 예방하지 않으면 타액이나 미생물이 와동 내에 침투하게 되고 이로 인해 수복 후의 과민반응, 충전물의 용해 및 파괴, 변연 변색과 2차 우식이 유발되어, 결과적으로 수복물의 수명이 단축되며 치수 병변이 발생될 수도 있다. 최근 기존 아말감 수복의 장점을 그대로 유지하면서 치질삭제를 줄이고 변연을 봉쇄하며 소와열구에 예방적 처치를 함께 할 수 있는 수복법이 제안되었는데 이를 이른바 sealed amalgam이라 한다. 이 술식은 예방적 확대 없이 병소만을 제거한 뒤 수복물 변연과 인접 소와열구에 치면열구전색재를 도포함으로서 소와열구의 예방적 충전은 물론 수복물 변연과 치질사이의 틈을 봉쇄하여 미세누출을 감소시킬 수 있다고 하였다. 이에 저자는 아말감 수복 후 수복물의 마무리 처리와 전색재 적용시점을 달리하여 sealed amalgam 수복과 기존의 아말감 수복과의 미세누출의 차이를 비교하고자 30개의 상, 하악 소구치를 준비하여 Ⅴ급 와동을 소구치의 협, 설측에 형성하고 통상적 아말감 수복을 시행한 후 다음의 각 군으로 나누어 처리하였다. 제 1군 : 24시간 후 연마 (대조군) 제 2군 : 연마하지 않음, 즉시 전색재 적용 제 3군 : 연마하지 않음, 열순환(thermocycling)500회 후 전색재 적용 위의 처리 후 각 군을 5℃와 55℃의 온도변화를 30초씩 번갈아 주며 총 500회의 열순환을 실시한 후 1% methylene blue 용액에 침윤시켜서 100% 습도가 유지된 37℃ 항온기에 24시간 보관하였다. 치아를 레진에 매몰한 후 협설측으로 치아 장축에 평행하게 절단하여 stereomicroscope를 사용해 색소침투도를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 평균 미세누출은 연마하지 않고 바로 치면열구전색재를 도포한 2군이 가장 낮았고, 연마만 시행한 1군이 가장 높았다. 2. 실험군 간의 미세누출 비교에서 연마만 시행한 1군은 2군에 비해 미세누출이 컸으며 통계적으로 유의성있는 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 3군은 1군보다 평균 미세누출이 작았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2군은 3군보다 평균 미세누출이 작았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다.(p>0.05) Amalgam, though a widely used dental material, does not bond to the tooth substrate. Therefore, retentive preparation of the cavity is necessary. Such amalgam restorations, until corrosion products form and plug the margin, will show significant marginal leakage. Unless this is prevented early on, saliva and bacteria may enter the cavity, causing postoperative hypersensitivity,dissolution and collapse of the restoration, discoloration of the margin and secondary caries, leading to shortened life-span of the restoration and pulpal pathosis. Recently, a method of restoration has been introduced whereby tooth material can be preserved, cavity margin can be sealed and preventive treatment of pit and fissure can be administered while retaining all the advantages of conventional amaogam restorations. Such sealed amalgams involve removing the carious lesion without extending the cavity for prevention and using pit and fissure sealants to seal cavity margins and pit and fissures to reduce microleakage. In this study, finishing of the amalgam and sealant application were performed after different intervals following of amalgam restoration to compare the microleakage of sealed and conventional amalgam restorations. Thirty bicuspids were prepared with Class V cavity preparations on the buccal and lingual surfaces. After amalgam placement, they were divided into the following groups and treated accordingly. Group 1 : Polishing after 24 hours Group 2 : Immediate sealant application without polishing Group 3 : No polishing, but sealant applied after thermocycling 500 times After treatment, the samples were thermocycled 500 times between 5℃ and 55℃ with a dwell time of 30 seconds. After thermocycling, the snmples were dipped into 1% methylene blue kept in a 37℃ incubator at 100% humidity for 24 hours. The teeth were then embedded in resin and cut bucco-lingually along the tooth axis and observed with a stereomicroscope to determine the degree of microleakage. The following results were obtained: 1. Group 2 showed the least microleakeage, while grorp 1 showed the greatest. 2. Group 1 showed significantly greater microleakage conpared to group 2 (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were found between group 1 and 3 (p>0.05). No significant differences on microleakage were also found between group 2 and 3 (p<0.05).

인터페론 치료에 반응이 없었던 예들을 포함한 만성 B형 간염 환자에서 lamivudine의 단기 치료 효과

이상우,이엄석,김선문,서승원,양현웅,성재규,이승민,이병석,김남재,이헌영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

The efficacy and safety of lamivudine administration according to the presence or abscence of past history of interferon treatment were studied in 22 patients with chronic active hepatitis B who were diagnosed at ChungNam National Univerity Hospital. Nine of these patiens were no responders to interferon treatment. The change of HBV DNA, serum ALT and HBeAg values was analyzed during 12 weeks of lamivudine treatment. The results were as follow : 1. The mean values of HBV DNA and serum ALT were significantly reduced from 1793 9 to 2.0 pg/ml and from 202.5 to 36.3 IU/L after lamivudine treatment (p<0.001). The mean reduction rates of serum HBV DNA and serum ALT were 99.7% and 70.4%. 2. HBV DNA was undetectable in 18 patierits(81.8%) and serum ALT was normalized in 16 patients(68.2%%) after 12 weeks of lamivudine treatment. But there were temporary elevations of serum ALT value comparing to pretreatment value in 5 patients. 3. HBeAg was undetectable in 4 patients(18.1%) and in these 4 patients, anti-HBe was detected after 12 weeks treatment. 4. There was no significant difference of HBV DNA clearance rate and normalization rate of serum ALT between above and below 200 pg/mI group according to pretreatment HBV DNA values(p=0.74, p=0.08). 5. Each clearance rates of HBV DNA in patients without previous interferon treatment and patients with previous interferon treatment were 84.6% and 77.8%(p=0.68). Each clearance rates of HBeAg in patients without previous interferon treatment and with previous interferon treatment were 15.5% and 22.2%(p=0.683). 6. During the treatment periods, adverse effects of lamivudine were negligible in most patients except temporary leukopenia in one patient. Conclusively, lamivudine treatment over the short term period for patients with chronic active hepatitis B was effective in suppression of viral replication and improvement of abnormal serum ALT. Also the efficacy of lamivudine treatment was out of all relation to previous interferon treatment and adverse effects of this drug were negliable. But further study for the efficacy of long term period-lamivudine treatment and appearance of mutant shoud be necessary.

소 수정란의 공배양 및 동결이 체외발생에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이종진,이명헌,남윤이,이만휘,이봉구,김상근 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

The studies on the carried out to investigate the effects of co-culture with cumulus cells and oviduct epithelial cells on the in vitro fertilization and cleavage rate of bovine follicular oocytes, and to determine the optimum thawing temperature and equilibration time of frozen bovine embryos and on survival rate and in vitro developmental rate of bovine embryos. The ovaries were obtained from slaughtered Korean native cows. The follicular oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 medium containing 10 IU/㎖의 PMSG(Sigma, USA), 10 IU/㎖의 hCG, 1 ㎍/㎖의 β-estradiol(Sigma, USA) and 10% FCS(Sigma, USA) for 24-48 hrs in incubator with 5% CO_2 in air at 38.5℃ and then matured oocytes were again cultured for 12-18 hrs with motile capacitated sperm by preincubation of heparin. The bovine embryos following dehydration by cryoprotective agents and a various concentrations of sucrose were directly plunged into liquid nitrogen and thawed in 30℃ water. The results are summarized as followes : 1. The in vitro fertilization and in vitro developmental rates of bovine oocytes co-cultured with cumulus cells in TCM-199 media were 75.0%-76.8% and 17.3%-27.6%, respectively. And in-vitro fertilization rates of cumulus-enclosed oocytes(55.4%) were significantly(p<0.05) higher than cumulus-denuded oocytes(23.1%). 2. The in vitro fertilization and in vitro developmental rates of bovine oocytes co-cultured with 1 ×10^4 cells/㎖, 1 ×10^6 cells/㎖, 1 ×10^8 cells/㎖ and 1 ×10^15 cells/㎖ oviduct epithelial cells in TCM-199 media were 74.5%-77.8% and 15.7%-21.2%, respectively. 3. The in-vitro fertilization and in vitro developmental rates of bovine oocytes co-cultured in TCM-199 media containing PMSG, hCG, PMSG + hCG, PMSG + β-estradiol, hCG + β-estradiol 0 to 40 hrs after insemination were 74.0%-77.4% and 18.9% - 23.1, respectively. 4. The survival rates of bovine embryos thawed after rapid freezing in the media containing various kinds of cryoprotective agents added 0.25M and 0.50M sucrose were 14.7% - 35.1% and 17.6% - 31.6%, respectively. The survival rates of bovine embryos thawed after rapid freezing in the freezing media containing a various concentration of sucrose added 1.5M and 2.0M glycerol, 1.5M and 2.0M DMSO, and 1.5M and 2.0M propanediol were 23.5% -31.4% and 20.6% - 34.1%, respectively. 5. The temperature thawed at 30℃ after rapid freezing of bovine embryos resulted in a significantly higher embryos survival rate than did at 20℃ and 35℃. 6. The equilibration time on the survival rates of bovine embryos was attained after short period of time(2.5-5 min.) in the freezing medium higher than ling period of time(10-20min.).

Ferric Sulfate를 이용한 유치의 치수절단술

이상훈,이미나,이상헌 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

Pulpotomy is a frequently used treatment modality in primary teeth. It is method by which infected coronal pulp is removed while retaining vital radicular pulp. Since its introduction in 1930 by Sweet formocresol remains the most popular medicament for this treatment. However, despite its outstanding bactericidal properties, formocresol is known to cause adverse tissue reactions. Theoretically, formocresol disinfects and fixes radicular pulp and thus prevents infection and internal resorption. In reality, however,it leads to chronic inflammation and is sometimes responsible for failures through abscess formation and internal root resorption. Also, Myers et al, in 1978, reported on the systemic distribution of FC and other studies have followed with reports of its immunological, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Much effort has, therefore, focused on the development of alternative medicaments and techniques. Since its introducion in 19C, ferric sulfate proven itself as an effective hemostatic agent and is used as an astringent in dentistry. In 1988, Landau and Johnsen suggested ferric sulfate be used as a medicament in pulpotomy and many studies have focused on it to overcome the toxic effects of FC, Ferric sulfate acts through its ferric ion and iron ion, which react with blood protein leading to aggregation. The aggregated protein acts to plug the bloodvessels, causing mechanical hemostasis. As blood clot formation is minimal, there is reduced inflammation of radicular pulp and enhanced healing. There are no reports regarding its systemic distribution. This is a report of cases treated by the author using pulpotomy with ferric sulfate.

췌장염에 의한 가성낭종내에 생긴 가성동맥류 : 1례 보고

오연희,이채경,김승현,이성우,양창현,이정호,이영현 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

만성 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성동맥류는 드문질환으로, 반복적으로 다량의 출혈을 일으킬 수 있으며, 치료를 하지 않을 경우 사망율이 높기 때문에, 조기 진단과 치료가 필수적이다. 저자들은 38세 남자 환자에서 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성낭종내에서 발생한 가성동맥류 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 가성 동맥류의 색혈류도플러상 낭종내에 양방향 흐름의 와류를 볼 수 있었다. Pancreatic Pseudoaneurysm within Pseudocyst from Pancreatitis: 1 Case Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine,DongGuk University Yeon Hee OH M.D., Chae Kyeong Lee M.D., Seoung Hyeon Kim M.D., Sung Woo Lee M.D., Chang Heon Yang M.D., Jung Ho Lee M.D., Young Hyun Lee M.D. Pseudoaneurysm from pancreatitis is uncommon, but it can cause recurrent and massive hemorrhage. Because of high morbidity and mortality, early detection and treatment of the pseudoaneurysm is needed. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm within pseudocyst from pancreatitis. Color-flow Doppler sonography shows bidirectional flow and turbulent arterial flow, within anechoic mass.

지난 2년간의 학회지 "신경정신의학" 심사 평가보고

김찬형,김세주,김도관,김성곤,박원명,송동호,박용천,이영문,오강섭,정영철,이상열,김주한,이동영,이헌정,함병주,김율리,김문두,김정진,이강욱,천근아,김재진,홍진표,홍승철 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6

PVDF 압전소자 활용 전기 에너지 수집

"이수헌", "여인권", "정재성", "박종대" 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2015 自然科學論文集 Vol.26 No.1

PVDF(Polyvinylidene Fluoride)를 사용하여 진동에너지를 전기적 에너지로 수집할 수 있는 소형 발전시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템은 온도, 진동, 압력 등의 데이터를 수집하고 무선으로 전송하는 센서 네트워크의 전원으로 사용될 수 있다. We have developed a small electrical energy harvesting system using PVDF(Polyvinylidene Fluoride) which can convert vibrational energy into electrical energy. The developed system can be used as a power source for sensor network which acquire data such as temperature, vibration, pressure, etc and transmit data to a data center

콘텍트렌즈 착용전후 측정기기별 굴절력에 관한 연구

성아영,이종헌,박상철,김상균,송경석 대불대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

Heine's Retinoscope is 100% dust proof and incorporates a unique Integrated Polarizing filter which eliminates all internal glare, providing for a clearer, brighter papillary reflex, enhancing performance and ease of examination, As a result of their data basis, we observed and analyzed which instrument has lesser occurring refracting aberration. Contact lens Wearers assuming best visual acuity lead 1.0(20/20) performed over refraction using Retinoscope. Auto Refractor, Auto Refrac-Keratometer and Suresight. The Auto refractor provides highly accurate measurement of patients refraction error. Auto Refrac-Keratometer provides precise and efficient refraction and Keratometry measurements and suggests contact lens base curve values. The automatic calculation of residual astigmatism assists in fitting RGP lenses. Also, suresight is a most convenient instrument for refraction. 30 contact lens wearers are chosen regardless of age, sex, and job. At least 30 minute after placing contact lens in each subjects eye, Performing over refraction by use of Retinoscope, Auto refractor, Auto refrac-Keratometer and suresight. Then presenting each results by graph in consist of spherical part, cylinder, axis, left eye and right eye separately.

Panipenem을 포함한 Carbapenem 계열 항생제의 몇 가지 임상균주에 대한 시험관내 항균력

이동건,김명신,강진한,전혜선,최수미,위성헌,김상일,최정현,유진홍,신완식,강문원 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.2

목적 : Panipenem은 일본에서 개발된 카바페넴계 항생제로 그람양성균, 그람음성균, 혐기균에 이르기까지 광범위한 항균력을 나타낸다고 보고되고 있지만 국내에서 분리되는 균주에 대한 감수성 검사결과는 아직 없다. 본 연구에서는 임상에서 분리된 E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae 균주를 대상으로 carbapenem 계열 및 몇 가지 항생제와 감수성을 비교하고, 특히 P. aeruginosa의 경우 carbapenem의 효과를 Muller-Hinton agar (MHA)가 반감시킬 수 있는 특성을 고려하여 감수성에 변화가 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. 방법 : 2002년 3월부터 6월까지 가톨릭대학교 성모병원, 강남성모병원, 성가병원, 성모자애병원, 성빈센트병원에서 분리된 임상균주 E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae를 대상으로 하였다. 항생제 감수성 검사는 NCCLS 기준에 따랐고 P. aeruginosa의 경우 MHA 이외에 minimal agar Davis (MAD)를 추가로 사용하였다. 감수성 결과 해석시 panipenem은 imipenem과 같은 기준을 적용하였다. 결과 : E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa는 각각 100균주였고, S. penumoniae는 134균주였다(PSSP 41, PNSP 93균주). E. coli, K. pneumoniae는 모든 균주가 imipenem, meropenem, panipenem에 대해 감수성을 보였다. P. aeruginosa의 경우 imipenem, meropenem, panipenem, ceftazidime의 MIC_(90)은 각각 16, 8, 32, 64㎍/mL이었다. MHA와 MAD 배지를 이용하여 P. aeruginosa에 대한 항생제 감수성을 비교해 본 결과 imipenem, panipenem의 MIC_(90)가 각각 16, 32㎍/mL에서 8㎍/mL로 감소하였고, imipenem에 비해 panipenem이 더 많이 감소하였다. S. pneumoniae의 경우 PSSP는 imipenem, meropenem, panipenem에 대해 모두 내성이 없었고 PNSP는 imipenem, meropenem, panipenem에 대한 MIC_(90)가 각각 1, 2, 0.25㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 결론적으로 panipenem은 E. coli, K. pneumoniae에 대해 기존의 카바페넴계 항생제와 유사한 우수한 항균력을 보였다. P. aeruginosa의 경우 ceftazidime, imipenem과 비슷한 항균력을 보였고 아미노산 함량이 적은 배지를 사용함에 따라 MIC가 낮아졌으며 imipenem보다 더 많은 영향을 받았다. S. pneumoniae의 경우 특히 PNSP에서 기존의 카바페넴계 항생제보다 우수한 항균력을 보였다. Panipenem은 주요 그람음성균 및 폐렴연쇄구균 감염에 유용할 것으로 기대된다. Background : Panipenern (PAPM) is a new carbapenern which has an enhanced broad spectrum against both gram-positive and negative organisms. The aim of study was to compare the activities of PAPM with those of imipenern (IMPM), meropenern (MRPM) against several clinical isolates in Korea. Methods : We tested the in vitro antimicrobial activities of PAPM, IMPM, and MRPM against total 300 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 134 Streptococcus pneumoniae collected from 5 different university hospitals. Using NCCLS guidelines, MICs of PAPM, IMPM, MRPM, and/or ceftazidime were determined. Results : All isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were susceptible to PAPM, IMPM and MRPM. MIG_(90) of PAPM, IMPM, and MRPM against P. aeruginosa were 32, 16, and 8 ㎍/mL, respectively. Comparing Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) and minimal agar Davis (MAD), the MIG_(go) of PAPM and IMPM were reduced from 16 and 32 ㎍/mL to 8 and 8 ㎍/mL, respectively. PAPM was more influenced by MAD than IMPM. All isolates of penicillin susceptible S. pneumoniae showed 0% of resistance to the carbapenems tested. MIC_(90) of PAPM, IMPM and PRPM against penicillin non-susceptible S. pneumoniae were 0.25, 1 and 2 ㎍/mL, respectively. Conclusion : Panipenern could be one of the potentially useful drugs for the treatment of infections caused by E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. pneumoniae. We also showed that PAPM had good anti-pseudomonal activity when examined in MAD, the amino acid-limited media. Therefore, it could be useful for the treatment of infections caused by P. aeruginosa.