An effective method for directly extracting lithium from a-spodumene by activated roasting and sulfuric acid leaching

Yuqing Zhang,Baozhong Ma,Yingwei Lv,Chengyan Wang,Yongqiang Chen 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.122 No.-

The global trend toward electrification has encouraged lithium’s market position to grow prominently. Spodumene is the focus of lithium extraction owing to its abundant lithium resources. In this study, anovel lithium extraction method was proposed for a-spodumene by combining activated roasting andsulfuric acid leaching. First, the thermodynamics of the roasting process demonstrated that aspodumenewas converted into b-spodumene, which reacted with CaO to produce acid-solubleLiAlSiO4 and CaSiO3 concurrently. The addition of CaO reduced the melting temperature, which promotedthe structural transformation of b-spodumene and further acid leaching. Then, the influences of variousfactors on lithium extraction were investigated by a single-factor test. A lithium leaching yield of 96.18%was obtained under optimum conditions: 20% CaO, roasting temperature of 1200 C, holding time of1.5 h, H2SO4 concentration of 120 g/L, liquid–solid ratio of 7:1 mL/g, leaching temperature of 80 Cand leaching time of 1.5 h. Finally, Li entered into leach liquor by the action of sulfuric acid, and the maincomponents of the leach residue were silicate and calcium sulfate. Compared to the conventional acidapproach, this method has a higher lithium recovery and lower energy and acid consumption (decreaseby approximately 0.42 kg/ kg).

The Problem of Women’s Employment and Child Care in Japan

Zhang Yuqing 대한지리학회 2011 대한지리학회 컨퍼런스 자료집 Vol.- No.6

Effect of Adding Surfactant for Transforming Lignocellulose into Fermentable Sugars during Biocatalysing

Yuqing Zhang,Xuemin Xu,Yuyuan Zhang,Jianfa Li 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5

Fuel ethanol is one of the most important alternative fuels used as a substitute for fossil fuel. Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass resource for the production of fuel ethanol. However, the hydrolysis of lignocellulose requires high enzyme loading. In order to strengthen the process of enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulose,surfactant-polyethylene glycol (PEG) was applied to the catalysis of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars. The effect of PEG on both the enzymatic hydrolysis and adsorption of cellulose were investigated. The addition of surfactant obviously facilitated enzymatic hydrolysis. In particular, upon addition of PEG4000, the enzyme catalytic efficiency increased by 51.06%. Meanwhile,the adsorption quantity of cellulase decreased by 11.25%. In addition, the mechanism of the effect of PEG on enzymatic hydrolysis and cellulase adsorption is discussed.

De novo Assembly and Analysis of Amur Sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) Transcriptome in Response to Mycobacterium Marinum Infection to Identify Putative Genes Involved in Immunity

( Qianqian Zhang ),( Xiehao Wang ),( Defeng Zhang ),( Meng Long ),( Zhenbing Wu ),( Yuqing Feng ),( Jingwen Hao ),( Shuyi Wang ),( Qian Liao ),( Aihua Li ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.8

Fish mycobacteriosis is a common bacterial disease in many species of freshwater and marine fish and has caused severe loss of fish production. Mycobacterium marinum has been the most prevalent pathogen observed in several outbreaks of mycobacteriosis of farmed sturgeons in China. However, the immune responses and pathology of sturgeons in mycobacterial infection are rarely studied. Therefore, we used the Illumina RNA-seq method to analyze the transcriptome profile of Acipenser schrenckii challenged with Mycobacterium marinum. To begin, 168,220 non-redundant contigs were acquired from the infection and control groups, and among these, 33,225 contigs have acquired annotations. A total of 4,043 differently expressed (DE) contigs between the two groups were identified, and among these, 2479 were upregulated and 1564 were down-regulated in the infected fish. A total of 1,340 DE contigs with acquired annotations in KEGG were enriched for 124 pathways including the TNF signaling pathway, and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The roles of DE genes involved in significant pathways and other processes were discussed. The 2,209 DE contigs that have yet to acquire proper annotation may represent candidate genes associated with infection in sturgeons and are expected to serve as immunogenetic resources for further study. To our best knowledge, this is the first transcriptome study on sturgeons under bacterial infection.

Acid Exposure Time > 6% Might Not Improve the Therapeutic Outcome in Chinese Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients

( Yuqing Lin ),( Yuwen Li ),( Mengya Liang ),( Niandi Tan ),( Mengyu Zhang ),( Songfeng Chen ),( Yinglian Xiao ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.1

Background/Aims There is less acid burden in Chinese gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. However, the Lyon consensus proposed a higher threshold of acid exposure time (AET > 6%) for GERD. The aims are to apply the updated criteria in Chinese GERD patients and clarify its influence on clinical outcome. Methods Patients who were referred for both esophageal high-resolution manometry and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring due to reflux symptoms were retrospectively screened. Those patients with AET > 4% was included and grouped into either AET 4-6% or AET > 6%. Their manometric profile, reflux profile, and response to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were evaluated. Adjunctive evidence proposed in the Lyon consensus was added in patients with AET 4-6% for therapeutic gain. Another group of patients (n = 144) with AET < 4% were included as non-GERD patients. Results In total, 151 patients (102 males) were included with 113 patients AET > 6% (74.9%). GERD patients with AET > 4% were with more male, older patients, and higher body mass index compared with non-GERD patients. Meanwhile, GERD patients were less competent in esophagogastric junction pressure. However, the manometric and reflux profile were similar between patients with AET > 6% and 4-6%. The response rate of PPI therapy was 64.6% and 63.2%, respectively, in groups of AET > 6% and 4-6% (P > 0.05). When adjunctive evidence was added in patients with AET 4-6%, no therapeutic gain was obtained. Conclusions The efficacy of PPI therapy was similar in patients with AET > 6% and 4-6%. The increase of the AET threshold did not influence the clinical outcome of Chinese GERD patients. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:55-62)

Dynamic power distribution strategy using multi‑objective collaborative optimization for hybrid energy storage systems

Yuqing Shao,Hongjuan Zhang,Yan Gao,Baoquan Jin 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.10

This paper proposes a dynamic power distribution strategy for the hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) in electric vehicles (EVs). First, the power loss of a HESS is analyzed based on its structure and model. Second, the optimal objectives for EV range extension, battery degradation mitigation, and HESS energy loss reduction are set, and the corresponding optimization variables are determined. Then, a multi-objective collaborative optimization (MOCO) function is established. It is furthertransformed into a linear programming problem with the battery current as the control variable. Finally, the dynamic power distribution scheme is obtained by analyzing the MOCO problem. The dynamic power distribution strategy using the MOCO is studies through simulations and experiments under the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle. The obtained results indicate that the performances of the three optimal objectives are collaboratively improved.

Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy in protein science, a summary for past 20years

Wu, Yuqing,Zhang, Liping,Jung, Young Mee,Ozaki, Yukihiro Elsevier 2018 Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomole Vol.189 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) has been widely used to Infrared, Raman, Near IR, Optical Activity (ROA), Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) and Fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, several new developments, such as 2D hetero-correlation analysis, moving-window two-dimensional (MW2D) correlation, model based correlation (βν and <I>k</I>ν correlation analyses) have also well incorporated into protein research. They have been used to investigate secondary structure, denaturation, folding and unfolding changes of protein, and have contributed greatly to the field of protein science. This review provides an overview of the applications of 2DCOS in the field of protein science for the past 20 year, especially to memory our old friend, Dr. Boguslawa Czarnik-Matusewicz, for her great contribution in this research field. The powerful utility of 2DCOS combined with various analytical techniques in protein studies is summarized. The noteworthy developments and perspective of 2DCOS in this field are highlighted finally.</P>

Exponential Stability of Neural Networks with Markovian Switching Parameters and General Noise

Xin Zhang,Wuneng Zhou,Yuqing Sun 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.4

This paper investigates the problem of exponential stability of Neural Networks (NNs) with Markovianparameters and general noise. The model in this paper with general noise is more suitable for many real nervoussystems than NNs with white noise. Criteria for the exponential stability of the NNs with Markovian switchingparameters and general noise in both the mean square and p-th moment are derived by utilizing the random analysismethod and Lyapunov functional method techniques. The exponential stability of NNs without Markovian switchingis given as a special case. Finally, simulation result in two examples are discussed to illustrate the theoreticalresults.

Effect of machining parameters on the stability of separated and unseparated ultrasonic vibration of feed direction assisted milling

Yuemin Zhang,Bo Zhao,Yuqing Wang,Fan Chen 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.2

A dynamic model is established to study the effect of ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic frequency, feed per tooth, and spindle speed trends on separated and unseparated feed ultrasonic milling. This model applied both theory and method, such as linear theory of nonlinear periodic function, as well as the trajectory and full-discretization methods. First, the characteristic of cutter tooth trajectory is articulated, and the differences in the instantaneous chip thickness are analyzed for two types of milling systems. Second, a judging function is proposed, and the model of instantaneous chip thickness is constructed. Third, the time delay differential equations of separated and unseparated feed ultrasonic milling systems are uniformly established using linear theory of nonlinear periodic function. Finally, the time delay differential equations are solved by the full-discretization method. Stability prediction lobe diagrams of the two kinds of feed ultrasonic milling systems are drawn by MATLAB7.1 software. Experimental results indicate that the influence of the processing parameters on the system stability is more sensitive for the separated system than that of the unseparated system. The effect of feed per tooth on stability of two types of systems is the most significant. At approximately 5000 rpm, the feed ultrasonic milling system appears to have a bifurcation flip, which causes a sharp decline in the stability. Therefore, the two types of systems are unsuitable for machining under high speeds. Experimental results confirm the correct effect of these parameter trends on the stability of lobe diagrams.

RPFuzzer: A Framework for Discovering Router Protocols Vulnerabilities Based on Fuzzing

( Zhiqiang Wang ),( Yuqing Zhang ),( Qixu Liu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.7 No.8

How to discover router vulnerabilities effectively and automatically is a critical problem to ensure network and information security. Previous research on router security is mostly about the technology of exploiting known flaws of routers. Fuzzing is a famous automated vulnerability finding technology; however, traditional Fuzzing tools are designed for testing network applications or other software. These tools are not or partly not suitable for testing routers. This paper designs a framework of discovering router protocol vulnerabilities, and proposes a mathematical model Two-stage Fuzzing Test Cases Generator(TFTCG) that improves previous methods to generate test cases. We have developed a tool called RPFuzzer based on TFTCG. RPFuzzer monitors routers by sending normal packets, keeping watch on CPU utilization and checking system logs, which can detect DoS, router reboot and so on. RPFuzzer` debugger based on modified Dynamips, which can record register values when an exception occurs. Finally, we experiment on the SNMP protocol, find 8 vulnerabilities, of which there are five unreleased vulnerabilities. The experiment has proved the effectiveness of RPFuzzer.