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Research on the Structure and Application of Fuzzy Environmental Impact Assessment Model
Tien, Shiaw-Wen,Hsneh, Chia-Hsiang,Chung, Yi-Chan,Tsai, Chih-Hung,Yu, Yih-Huei The Korean Society for Quality Management 2004 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.5 No.2
Any business activities may have impact on environment to a certain extent. Enterprises must find appropriate approaches to measure the impact on these environmental aspects, which can be used as the basis to direct enterprises' efforts to improve the environmental impact. The method used to evaluate significant factors in life cycle assessment standards is the one most commonly used by enterprises in general to measure environmental impact. By this method, the decisive factors of each environmental aspect are given scores according to the preset scoring standard of the organization. The scores are added up for each aspect and ranked to assess major environmental aspects. The drawback of this assessment method, that is, it ignores the degree to which each of these factors affects the environment, results in poor credibility. Therefore, this study attempts to solve some qualitative problems by applying to fuzzy theory, in particular, by identifying appropriate fuzzy numbers through fuzzy sets and membership function. Moreover, the study seeks to obtain a crisp value in the process of defuzzifization in order to make up for the shortfall of the original method in dealing with relative weight of decisive factors and thus increase its applicability and credibility. The department of light production of an electronics company is used as an example in this study to measure environmental aspects by employing both the traditional significant factor method and the fuzzy environmental impact assessment model proposed in this study. Based on verification and comparison of results, the model proposed in this study is more feasible as it reduces partiality in decision-making by taking the relative weights of decisive factors into consideration.
A System Dynamics Study of Enterprise Value $Creation{\sim}$ the Example of Taiwan's SMEs
Chung, Yi-Chan,Tsai, Chih-Hung,Tien, Shiaw-Wen,Lin, Yu-Hsin,Lin, Ja-Lin The Korean Society for Quality Management 2006 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.7 No.1
With the globalization of economy, industries are facing increasingly greater challenges. Business integration, both internally and externally, is undoubtedly an important topic. However, how does an enterprise create its own value will be the key to an enterprise's success in the future. Therefore, this study bases on the evaluation of company value to assess the key factors and competitive strategies of an enterprise. Yet, only with stable enterprise performance can the company value be correctly evaluated. This will be an important issue for enterprise performance and business strategy. Subject of this study are mainly small and medium-sized (enterprises (SMEs). Model construction for SME value assessment is established through the system dynamics approach. Scholars' opinions on literature validation and application of Delphi Method are explored through literature review on local and foreign studies, in order to compile the relevant perspectives and indices for enterprise value creation. Hence model construction of the value creation system is established, and the correlation between the perspectives and related factors is explored to understand the overall dynamics model of SMEs' value creation system. Consequently, a research method based on the system dynamics perspective is provided for the study of enterprise value creation is provided, as policy reference for improvement of decision-making and value creation.
CASE REPORT : Crohn`s Disease Complicated with Duodenocolic Fistula: A Case Report
( Meng Tzu Weng ),( Shu Chen Wei ),( Yu Wen Tien ),( I Lun Shih ),( Jau Min Wong ) 대한장연구학회 2013 Intestinal Research Vol.11 No.4
Fistula formation is common during the course of Crohn`s disease, whereas duodenocolic fistulas are very rare. The management of internal fistulas in Crohn`s disease is a complex issue. Herein, we report a case of duodenocolic fistula manifested by increasing frequency of diarrhea and loss of body weight. The fistula was diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal tract barium series, magnetic resonance enterography, and panendoscopy and was treated with a right hemicolectomy and Whipple procedure because of the simultaneous occurrence of pancreatic head tumor. Subsequent treatment with adalimumab, azathioprine, and mesalazine was prescribed for the maintenance of disease remission, and the patient was well until 18 months after the surgery. (Intest Res 2013;11:299-302)
Tran Dang Thanh,Dinh Chi Linh,Tien Van Manh,Wen-Zhe Nan,Seong-Cho Yu,Hong-Guang Piao,Liqing Pan 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.3
In this work, we present a detailed study on the magnetic and the magnetocaloric properties of Sm0.5+xSr0.5−xMnO3 compounds with x = 0 − 0.1, which were prepared by using a solid-state reaction method. The x-dependent magnetic, as well as magnetocaloric, properties, including the magnetic phase transition, have been studied. The increase in Sm/Sr ratio plays an important role in controlling the Curie temperature (TC). We point out that all the samples undergo a first-order phase transition and exhibit a giant magnetocaloric effect. The magnetic entropy change (Sm) of samples was calculated based on isothermal M(H, T) data. The maximum value of Sm (denoted as |Smax|) at around TC is found to be 2.6 − 8.9 J·kg−1·K−1 for H = 30 kOe and depends on the value of x. We have also used the universal master curve method for the temperature dependences of Sm curves measured at different H values, Sm(T,H), to distinguish the magnetic order in the samples. Interestingly, none of the Sm(T,H) curves for the samples follow the universal master curve, Sm(T,H)/Smax versus = (T −TC)/(Tr−TC). As a consequence, a breakdown in the universal behavior of Sm(T,H)/Smax versus curve is another feature confirming a first-order phase-transition nature.
Evaluation of Malignancy Risk of Ampullary Tumors Detected by Endoscopy Using 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT
Chuang Pei-Ju,Wang Hsiu-Po,Tien Yu-Wen,Chin Wei-Shan,Hsieh Min-Shu,Chen Chieh-Chang,Hong Tzu-Chan,Ko Chi-Lun,Wu Yen-Wen,Cheng Mei-Fang 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.3
Objective: We aimed to investigate whether 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (2-[18F]FDG PET/CT) can aid in evaluating the risk of malignancy in ampullary tumors detected by endoscopy. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 155 patients (79 male, 76 female; mean age, 65.7 ± 12.7 years) receiving 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT for endoscopy-detected ampullary tumors 5–87 days (median, 7 days) after the diagnostic endoscopy between June 2007 and December 2020. The final diagnosis was made based on histopathological findings. The PET imaging parameters were compared with clinical data and endoscopic features. A model to predict the risk of malignancy, based on PET, endoscopy, and clinical findings, was generated and validated using multivariable logistic regression analysis and an additional bootstrapping method. The final model was compared with standard endoscopy for the diagnosis of ampullary cancer using the DeLong test. Results: The mean tumor size was 17.1 ± 7.7 mm. Sixty-four (41.3%) tumors were benign, and 91 (58.7%) were malignant. Univariable analysis found that ampullary neoplasms with a blood-pool corrected peak standardized uptake value in earlyphase scan (SUVe) ≥ 1.7 were more likely to be malignant (odds ratio [OR], 16.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.13–36.18; P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified the presence of jaundice (adjusted OR [aOR], 4.89; 95% CI, 1.80–13.33; P = 0.002), malignant traits in endoscopy (aOR, 6.80; 95% CI, 2.41–19.20; P < 0.001), SUVe ≥ 1.7 in PET (aOR, 5.43; 95% CI, 2.00–14.72; P < 0.001), and PET-detected nodal disease (aOR, 5.03; 95% CI, 1.16–21.86; P = 0.041) as independent predictors of malignancy. The model combining these four factors predicted ampullary cancers better than endoscopic diagnosis alone (area under the curve [AUC] and 95% CI: 0.925 [0.874–0.956] vs. 0.815 [0.732–0.873], P < 0.001). The model demonstrated an AUC of 0.921 (95% CI, 0.816–0.967) in candidates for endoscopic papillectomy. Conclusion: Adding 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT to endoscopy can improve the diagnosis of ampullary cancer and may help refine therapeutic decision-making, particularly when contemplating endoscopic papillectomy.
( Chun-chi Lin ),( Shu-chen Wei ),( Been-ren Lin ),( Wen-sy-tsai ),( Jinn-shiun Chen ),( Tzu-chi Hsu ),( Wei-chen Lin ),( Tien-yu Huang ),( Te-hsin Chao ),( Hung-hsin Lin ),( Jau-min Wong ),( Jen-kou 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.3
Background/Aims: With the recent progress in medical treatment, surgery still plays a necessary and important role in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In this study, we analyzed the surgical results and outcomes of UC in Taiwan in the recent 20 years, via a multi-center study through the collaboration of Taiwan Society of IBD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of surgery data of UC patients from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2014, in 6 Taiwan major medical centers was conducted. The patients’ demographic data, indications for surgery, and outcome details were recorded and analyzed. Results: The data of 87 UC patients who received surgical treatment were recorded. The median post-operative follow-up duration was 51.1 months and ranged from 0.4 to 300 months. The mean age at UC diagnosis was 45.3±16.0 years and that at operation was 48.5±15.2 years. The 3 leading indications for surgical intervention were uncontrolled bleeding (16.1%), perforation (13.8%), and intractability (12.6%). In total, 27.6% of surgeries were performed in an emergency setting. Total or subtotal colectomy with rectal preservation (41.4%) was the most common operation. There were 6 mortalities, all due to sepsis. Emergency operation and low pre-operative albumin level were significantly associated with poor survival (P =0.013 and 0.034, respectively). Conclusions: In the past 20 years, there was no significant change in the indications for surgery in UC patients. Emergency surgeries and low pre-operative albumin level were associated with poor survival. Therefore, an optimal timing of elective surgery for people with poorly controlled UC is paramount.
( Wei-chen Lin ),( Jen-wei Chou ),( Hsu-heng Yen ),( Wen-hung Hsu ),( Hung-hsin Lin ),( Jen-kou Lin ),( Chiao-hsiung Chuang ),( Tien-yu Huang ),( Horng-yuan Wang ),( Shu-chen Wei ),( Jau-min Wong ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.4
Background/Aims: In Taiwan, due to budget limitations, the National Health Insurance only allows for a limited period of biologics use in treating moderate to severe Crohn’s disease (CD). We aimed to access the outcomes of CD patients following a limited period use of biologics, specifically focusing on the relapse rate and remission duration; also the response rate to second use when applicable. Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective, observational study and we enrolled CD patients who had been treated with adalimumab (ADA) according to the insurance guidelines from 2009 to 2015. Results: A total of 54 CD patients, with follow-up of more than 6 months after the withdrawal of ADA, were enrolled. The average period of treatment with ADA was 16.7±9.7 months. After discontinuing ADA, 59.3% patients suffered a clinical relapse. In the univariate analysis, the reason for withdrawal was a risk factor for relapse (P=0.042). In the multivariate analysis, current smoker became an important risk factor for relapse (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.2-14.8; P=0.044) and male sex was another risk factor (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1-8.6; P=0.049). For those 48 patients who received a second round of biologics, the clinical response was seen in 60.4%, and 1 anaphylaxis occurred. Conclusions: Fifty-nine percent of patients experienced a relapse after discontinuing the limited period of ADA treatment, and most of them occurred within 1 year following cessation. Male sex and current smoker were risk factors for relapse. Though 60.4% of the relapse patients responded to ADA again. (Intest Res 2017;15:487-494)