http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Validity and Reliability of Metacognitive Rating Scale for Nursing Students
( Lee¸ Kyunghee ),( Heo¸ Youngjin ),( Han¸ Mihwa ),( Kim¸ Mijung ),( Choi¸ Hyunseok ) 한국정신간호학회 2021 정신간호학회지 Vol.30 No.3
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the metacognition rating scale (MCRS), which is a revised version of the existing metacognition questionnaire (MCQ) with anger and anxiety added. Methods: A survey was conducted on 591 nursing students at colleges in North and South Gyeongsang Provinces, South Korea. The collected data were processed for the reliability and validity of the MCRS through Cronbach’s α and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 26.0. Results: Cronbach’s α for the reliability of MCRS was calculated at .88, .86, .77, .74, and .66 for five subfactors. Among the five subfactors, the first, second, third, and fifth factors showed high correlation in each of six items. Factor 4 was highly correlated in 5 out of 6 questions. Conclusion: The data confirm that the MCQ revised to include anger and anxiety is both reliable and valid for nursing students. Therefore, this scale can be used to identify the maladaptive metacognition of nursing students in stressful situations.
간 초음파 영상에서의 스페클 노이즈 제거를 위한 필터들의 비교 평가
김하진(Hajin Kim),이영진(Youngjin Lee) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2023 방사선기술과학 Vol.46 No.6
This study aimed to compare filters for reducing speckle noise in ultrasound images using clinical liver images. We acquired the clinical liver ultrasound images, and noisy images were obtained by adding 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50 intensity levels of speckle noise to the liver images. The Wiener filter, median modified Wiener filter, gamma filter, and Lee filter were designed for the noisy images by setting window sizes at 3×3, 5×5, and 7×7. The coefficient of variation (COV) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were calculated to evaluate noise reduction and various filters. Moreover, the fil- ter with the highest image quality was selected and quantitatively compared to a noisy image. As a result, COV and CNR showed the noise improved result when the Lee filter was applied. Furthermore, the Lee filter image with a window size of 7×7 was noted to possess approximately a minimum of 1.28 to a maximum of 3.38 times better COV and a minimum of 2.18 to a maximum of 5.50 times better CNR than the noisy image. In conclusion, we confirmed that the Lee filter was effective in reducing speckle noise and proved that an appropriate window size needs to be set considering blurring.
Lee, Sungtaek,Jin Park, Seong,Jeon, Ji Min,Lee, Mi-Hwa,Ryu, Dae Yeon,Lee, Eunbyeol,Kang, Seong-Hyeon,Lee, Youngjin Elsevier 2019 Optik Vol.180 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Denoising plays a crucial role in the field of medical imaging in regard to the improvement of image quality. In this study, a fast nonlocal means (FNLM) denoising algorithm which utilizes neighborhood filtering is proposed and implemented for early breast cancer detection based on medical mammography. For comparison with conventional denoising methods, the Wiener filter and total variation (TV) denoising algorithm were used. The temporal resolution, coefficient of variation (COV), and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were evaluated for three exposure conditions: (a) various tube voltages at fixed 40 mAs, (b) various tube currents at fixed 28 kVp, and (c) auto exposure control mode. The results showed that the proposed FNLM denoising algorithm can achieve a similar temporal resolution to the Wiener filter and may efficiently reduce image noise by using COV and CNR values in mammography.</P>
Lee, Youngjin,Kim, Byoung Sik,Choi, Sanghyeon,Lee, Eun-Young,Park, Shinhye,Hwang, Jungwon,Kwon, Yumi,Hyun, Jaekyung,Lee, Cheolju,Kim, Jihyun F.,Eom, Soo Hyun,Kim, Myung Hee National Academy of Sciences 2019 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol.116 No.36
<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>MARTX toxins present across multiple bacterial genera are primary virulence factors that facilitate initial colonization, dissemination, and lethality in a wide range of hosts, including humans. Upon entry into host cells, the toxins undergo a processing event to release their disease-related modularly structured effector domains. However, the mechanisms underlying processing and activation of diverse effector domains within the toxins remain unclear. Here, we use biochemical and structural biological approaches, in combination with cellular microbiological experiments, to demonstrate how Makes caterpillars floppy-like effector (MCF) or its homolog-containing MARTX toxins process effector modules and fully activate effectors. MCF-containing toxins target ADP-ribosylation factor proteins ubiquitously expressed in cells to activate and disseminate effectors across subcellular compartments simultaneously, eventually leading to systemic pathogenicity.</P><P>Upon invading target cells, multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxins secreted by bacterial pathogens release their disease-related modularly structured effector domains. However, it is unclear how a diverse repertoire of effector domains within these toxins are processed and activated. Here, we report that Makes caterpillars floppy-like effector (MCF)-containing MARTX toxins require ubiquitous ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) proteins for processing and activation of intermediate effector modules, which localize in different subcellular compartments following limited processing of holo effector modules by the internal cysteine protease. Effector domains structured tandemly with MCF in intermediate modules become disengaged and fully activated by MCF, which aggressively interacts with ARF proteins present at the same location as intermediate modules and is converted allosterically into a catalytically competent protease. MCF-mediated effector processing leads ultimately to severe virulence in mice via an MCF-mediated ARF switching mechanism across subcellular compartments. This work provides insight into how bacteria take advantage of host systems to induce systemic pathogenicity.</P>
Youngjin Lee,Ji Hun Kim,Bora Lee,Jung Youn Kang,Jia Jia Lim,Hyung-Seop Youn,Jung-Gyu Lee,Jun Yop An,Kyoung Ryoung Park,Tae Gyun Kim,Do Han Kim,Soo Hyun Eom 한국구조생물학회 2015 Biodesign Vol.3 No.4
Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is essential for cell survival and death. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter(MCU) homo-tetramer is a selective Ca2+ channel responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Its paralog, MCUb, can form a Ca2+-impermeable hetero-tetramer with MCU exerting a dominant-negative function. We report the structural modeling for MCUb N-terminal domain (NTD), which showed 83% sequence homology with MCU NTD. The MCUb NTD model structure forms a stable globular domain via a hydrophobic interior and contains conserved putative phosphorylation and ubiquitination sites. The MCUb NTD structure is similar to that of MCU NTD with a root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 0.3 Å for 96 Cα atoms. The MCUb NTD forms a stable heterodimer with MCU NTD mainly by electrostatic interaction, although both NTDs are stable as monomers. Besides, our cross-linking results reveal that both NTDs form high-order oligomers. Our findings suggest that stable heterodimer formation of MCU-MCUb NTDs affects MCU NTD clustering, resulting in inefficient clustering of MCU for efficient Ca2+ permeation at the high [Ca2+] microdomain.