유아의 기질과 부모의 언어통제 유형이 유아의 리더십에 미치는 영향

홍희숙(Hee-Sook Hong),장영숙(Young-Sook Jang) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2013 한국교육문제연구 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구에서는 유아의 기질과 부모의 언어통제 유형이 유아의 리더십에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 경기도 수원시와 인천시에 소재한 6곳 유치원에 재원 중인 만 4세 유아 250명과 그들의 부모 250명이다. 유아의 기질을 살펴보기 위하여 정인희와 황혜정(2009)에 의해 개발된 부모용 유아 기질 평정척도를 사용하였으며, 부모의 언어통제 유형을 측정하기 위해서는 Bernstein(1971)과 Gumperz(1973)의 연구를 토대로 도혜숙(1997)이 제작한 도구를 사용하였다. 유아의 리더십을 측정하기 위하여 장영숙과 황윤세(2009)에 의해 개발된 교사용 유아 리더십 측정도구를 사용하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 유아의 기질과 유아의 리더십의 관계를 살펴본 결과, 유아의 리더십은 유아의 기질의 하위변인 중 반응성, 적응성, 지속성, 전환성과 유의미한 정적 상관을 나타내었다. 둘째, 부모의 언어통제 유형과 유아의 리더십의 관계를 살펴본 결과, 부모의 인성지향적 언어통제와 지위지향적 언어통제는 유아의 리더십과 유의미한 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유아의 기질과 부모의 언어통제 유형이 유아의 리더십에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 아버지의 인성지향적 언어통제, 아버지의 지위지향적 언어통제, 어머니의 지위지향적 언어통제, 어머니의 인성지향적 언어통제, 유아 기질 중 규칙성과 적응성의 순으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 유아의 리더십을 가장 많이 예언하는 변인은 아버지의 인성지향적 언어통제이었다. 본 연구는 유아의 리더십을 발달시키기 위해서는 유아의 기질에 대한 올바른 이해 뿐 아니라 부모가 바람직한 언어통제 유형을 사용해야 한다는 것을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of young children’s temperament and their parents’ verbal control modes on young children’s leadership. The subjects of this study consisted of 250 young children and their parents in six kindergartens of Incheon and Suwon City. In-Hee Jung and Hae-Jeong Hwang’s young children’s temperament scale for parents(2009) was used for the test of young children’s temperament, and Hae-Sook Do’s instrument(1997) was employed for the evaluation of parents’ verbal control modes. In order to evaluate young children’s leadership, young children’s leadership scale for teachers developed by Young-Sook Jang and Yoon-Se Hwang(2009) was used. The results of the study were as follows. First, responsiveness, adaptability, persistence, and transformation among young children’s temperament were positively correlated with their leadership. Second, for both fathers and mothers, human nature-oriented verbal control mode and position-oriented verbal control mode among parents’ verbal control modes were positively correlated with young children’s leadership. Third, young children’s leadership was most significantly explained by fathers’ human nature-oriented verbal control mode followed by fathers’ position-oriented verbal control mode, mothers’ position-oriented verbal control mode, mothers’ human nature-oriented verbal control mode, young children’s regularity and adaptability. Fathers’ human nature-oriented verbal control mode was the most predictable factor in explaining young children’s leadership. This study showed the importance of desirable use of parents’ verbal control mode as well as better understanding of young children’s temperament for fostering young children’s leadership.

Nifedipine 투여가 선천성 고혈압 쥐의 CYP1A1과 2B1 유도에 미치는 영향

홍영숙,김형래,박혜영,배영숙,박상신 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1995 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.18 No.3

Cytochrome P-450(CYP) enzymes are important in catalyzing the hiotransffrmation on manyendogeneous compounds and xenobiotics, including drugs and carcinogens. In the presentstudy, effect of nifedipine a voltage dependent calcium channel blocker on the induction ofCYP1A1 and 2B1 was investigated. Change of CYP1A1 and 2B1 activities were measuredby using specific enzyme activities and Western blot analysis. CYP1A1, as quantified by ethoxyresorufin-0-deethylase activity and Western blot with monoclonal antibody 1-7-1, increasedin liver microsome of nifedipine-treated spontaneous hypertensive rat(SHR. 30mg/kg.b.w, twicea day for 3days) but not in kidney microsome. CYP2B1, as quantified by benzyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activity and Western blot wit]1 monoclonal antibody 2-66-3, markedly increasedin liver microsome of nifedipine-treated SHR but slightly in kidney microsome. The resultsdemonstrate that nifedipine is a potent inducer of CYP2B1 in SHR.

고령자 남녀와 20대 남녀에 있어서 다양한 등속수축중 최대 모멘트의 비교

金智源(Ji-Won Kim),金相佑(Sang-Woo Kim),文基旭(Ki-Wook Moon),嚴光文(Gwang-Moon Eom),李泳揆(Young-Gyu Lee),南貞淑(Jung-Sook Nam),朴寬龍(Kwan-Yong Park),金耀翰(Yo-Han Kim),洪廷和(Jeong-Hwa Hong),朴炳奎(Bung-Kyu Park) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.10

In this paper, we investigated the maximum ankle joint plantarflexion moment (MPM) of young and elderly subjects during various modes of isokinetic contractions with special interest in the elderly females who were reported to have higher fall rate than the elderly males. Subjects include the young subjects (14 males: 22.7±2.5yrs, 13 females: 20.5±1.3yrs) and the elderly subjects (17 males: 65.8±10.5yrs, 26 females: 71.4±5.2yrs). The MPM was normalized by each subject's body weight. The MPM of elderly females was the weakest among the groups, particularly, at the eccentric contractions. The male-to-female ratio of MPM was greater in the elderly than in the young and the young-to-elderly ratio of MPM was greater in female than in male, both during the eccentric contractions. The result suggests that the decreased muscle force per body weight, especially at the eccentric contraction, may be one reason for the more frequent fall of the elderly female than the elderly male.

고혈압성 흰쥐(Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat)에서 Nifedipine투여가 UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase에 미치는 영향

홍영숙,배영숙 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1990 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.13 No.2

UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase(UDPGT) activity was studies in hepatic microsomal preparation from rats treated with nifedipine. The substrates 1-naphthol, P-nitrophenol, 4-methyl-umbelliferone and bilirubine were used. With 1-naphthol, nifedipine 2 and 4 weeks treatment caused 6- and 7.3-fold, respectively, increase in activity over the control value. With 4-methylumbelliferone, nifedipine 2 and 4 weeks treatment caused 5- and 6-fold increase in activity over the control value. With P-nitrophenol, nifedipine 2 and 4weeks treatment caused both approximately 3-fold increase in activity over the control value. However bilirubin-UDPGT activity was not affected by this inducer effects of nifedipine on the hepatic monooxygenase system in rats were investigate. P-Nitroanisole-O-demethylase, NADPH-cytochrome C reductase activity and cytochrome P-450 content in nifedipine treated rats were significantly increased to 390, 290 and 150% of control rats, respectively. The selectivity of nifedipine of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase was investigated in rat liver microsomes and compared with their effect on monooxygenase reactions. Similart o 3-meth-lycholanthrene-type selectively stimulated the glucuronidation induced both UDPGT_1 and monooxygenase activity, probably through a common receptor protein.

Higenamine이 가토肝組織 Cytochrome酵素系와 Lipid Peroxidation에 미치는 影響

洪永淑,裵玲淑 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1985 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.36 No.-

미나리아재비과에 속하는 다년생 식물인 부자는 한방에서 강심, 이뇨 및 진통등의 목적으로 사용되어 왔다. 이들 부자屬 식물의 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리에는 aconitine계 알칼로이드들이 다량 함유되어 있으며 이들은 독성이 매우 강하다. 이 부자에서 강심작용이 있는 higenamine이 분리되였다. 분리된 higenamine의 강심효과 뿐만 아니라 간조직 microsomal cytochrome enzyme system에 미치는 효과를 관찰 하고자 하였다. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450과 NADPH-cytochrome C reductase함량 그리고 p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase의 활성과 lipid peroxidation을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 가토 뇌측실내로 higenamine을 주입한 후 hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450함량과 NADPH-cytochrome C reductase활성은 감소 하였고 haloperidol과 bethanechol 투여군에서는 이들의 활성이 증가되였다. Hepatic microsomal p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase활성은 증가되었고 haloperidol 단독 투여군이 가장 많이 증가되였다. Hepatic microsomal lipid peroxide형성은 증가 되였으나 haloperidol과 bethanechol단독 투여군은 감소 되였다. 이상과 같이 가토 뇌측실내로 higenamine투여는 강심효파 뿐만아니라 hepatic microsomal cytochrome 효소계에도 영향을 미침을 알수 있었다 Aconitic root from Aconitum japonicum has long been used as one of the most important herbs as a heart stimulant, diuretic agent, and anodyne in Chinese medicine. Higenamine, which has recently been isolated from the Aconitic root, would have agonistic activity. The effect of centrally administered Higenamine by concomitant administration of haloperidol and bethanechol on the cytochrome P-450, NADPH-cytochrome C reductase, p-Nitroanisole-O-demethylase and lipid peroxidation in the rabbit hepatic microsomes were determined. Marked decrease of cytochrome P-450 content and NADPH-cytochrome C reductase activity were produced. Pretreatment with haloperidol was effective in the blockade of decrease of cytochrome P-450 content. Administration of higenamine, haloperidol and bethanechol caused increases in specific activity of p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase. Higenamine increased lipid peroxidation and the increased effect of higenamine was blocked completely by both haloperidol and bethanechol pretreament. These results indicated that higenamine showed effect not only agonistic activity, but also cytochrome enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation in the rabbit hepatic microsomes.

생물변환 천연식용색소 생산공정기술 개발 : Ⅰ. 홍화 황색소의 안정성에 미치는 pH 및 온도의 영향 Ⅰ. Effect of pH and Temperature on the Stability of the Yellow Pigment from Carthamus tinctorious L.

홍성현,박성길,이종민,한태룡,백영숙,정인식 경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-

홍화로부터 열에 의한 안정성을 검토하였다. 황색소의 분해반응은 산성, 중성, 염기성 조건에서 UV/Vis spectral measurement에 의해 조사되었다. 시간변화에 다른 흡광도를 측정해 본 결과 온도가 상승함에 따라 황색소의 분해되는 정도가 점차적으로 증가하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 40℃에서 황색소의 분해 반감기는 pH3.0, pH7.0, 그리고 pH12.0에서 각각 112.1, 39.3 과 25.3 시간이었다. 이것은 황색소가 pH3.0에서 비교적 더 안정함을 말한다. pH3.0, 7.0 그리고 12.0에서 황색소의 activation energy는 각각 519, 15.0 그리고 12.3 kJ/mol이었다 We investigated thermal stability of yellow pigment from Carthamus tinctorious L. Decomposition reactions of yellow pigment were monitored at acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions by UV/Vis spectral measurement. Decomposition of yellow pigment increased as temperature increased Decomposition half lives of yellow pigment at 40℃ were 112.1 39.3, and 25.3 hrs at pH 3.0 , pH 7.0, and pH 12.0, respectively, indicating that yellow pigment is more stable at pH 3.0. The activation energies of yellow pigment at pH 3.0, pH 7.0, and pH 12.0 were 51.9, 15.0, and 12. 3 kJ/mol, respectively.

Cytochrome P450과 암

홍영숙 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2004 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.27 No.1

Cytochrome(P450)은 구성성분으로 커다란 군을 이루며 헴을 갖고 유도될 수 있는 효소이다. 이 효소는 다양한 생체이물질의 산화적 대사과정에서 중요한 역할을 한다. P450 효소의 기질들로 많은 것이 발암물질이고 그 외 다른 기질은 항암 약물들이다. 그러므로 P450들은 종양 생물학에서 다양한 잠재력을 가지면서 중요한 역할을 한다. 여러 가지의 P450 유전자는 다형성을 가지며, 특정조직에서 암으로 발전될 위험도를 증가시키는 것과 관련이 있다. 각각의 P450들은, 특히 CYP1B1은 서로 다른형의 종양에서 과발현 되고 있다. 종양에서 P450들의 발현 증가는 고도의 유의성을 가지며 종양으로의 발전과 진행과정을 이해하는 데 중요한 것이다. 종양에 따른 특이적 P450의 발현은 새로운 종양의 진단과 치료 전략으로 발전하는 데 기초가 되는 것이다. The cytochrome P450(P450) are a large group of constitutive and inducible heme-containing enzymes, which have a central role in the oxidative metabolism of a diverse range of xenobiotics. The majority of chemical carcinogens require metabolic activation before they interact with cellular macromolecules and can cause cancer initiation. The xenobiotic-metabolizing machinery contains two main types of enzymes : the phase ⅠP450 mediating oxidative metabolism, and phase Ⅱ containing enzymes. Activity of some enzymes implicated in the metabolism of carcinogens presents a great variability between individuals due to the existence of a polymorphism in gene coding for P450. Individual P450s, especially CYP1B1, are overexpressed in different types of tumors. The increased expressons of P450s in tumors is highly significant and is important for understanding rumor development and progression. The tumor- specific expression of P450s provides the basis for the development of movel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Higenamine이 흰쥐 간조직 Mixed Function Oxidase System에 미치는 영향

홍영숙,배영숙,성낙응 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1985 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.8 No.3

The effect of intraperitonelly administered higenamine on the cytochrome P -450, b_5, P-nitroanisole-O-demethylase and lipid peroxidation in the rat hepatic microsomes were determined. The following results were obtained ; 1) The intraperitonelly administered higenamine increased contents of rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and b_5. 2) The principal role of cytochrome P-450 in mixed function oxidase reactions includes hydroxylation of various drugs, fatty acids, steroids, pesticides and carcinogens. The increased cytochrome P-450 induced by higenamine decreased on the both AAF of N-hydorxylation and Ring-hydroxylation. 3) Activity of P-nitroanisole-O-demethylase in hepatic microsomes with higenamine was decreased accorting to incresed dosage of higenamine. 4) The formation of lipid peroxides was increased according to increased dosage of higenamine.

몇 가지 야채와 과일에 들어 있는 비타민 C의 산화형과 환원형의 比에 대한 硏究

洪永淑 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1978 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.21 No.-

市中에서 얻은 야채와 과일에 들어 있는 비타민 C의 産化型과 還元型의 比를 測定하였다, 또 온상에서 기른 야채에서도 測定하였다. 그리고 엿기름, 콩나물과 녹두나물의 발아에 따라 그 산화형과 환원형의 변화도 測定하여서 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 비타민 C의 産化型과 還元型의 比가 오이, 호박 등에서 높고, 다음은 상치, 쑥갓 등이고 배추, 파 종류에서는 낮았다. 과일에서는 포조가 높고 다음은 감과 사과이고 복숭아에서는 낮았다. 엿기름에서는 발아전에 높고 발아 됨에 따라 떨어지다가 발아 제 7일에 다시 높아졌고, 콩나물에서는 발아 제 1일이 높고 점점 떨어졌고 그리고 녹두나물에서는 엿기름과 콩나물에 비하여 낮았고 발아됨에 따라 별 변화가 없었다. 이러한 것으로 보아 비타민 C의 産化型과 還元型의 比는 식물에 따라 고유한 것으로 생각된다. The oxidized and reduced forms of vitamin C in some vegetables and fruits available in the markets were determined. The oxidized and reduced forms of vitamin C were also determined in some vegetables grown in a vinyl greenhouse and in barley sprouts, soybeen sprouts, and mungbeen sprouts and the following results were abtained. (1) The ratio of the oxidized form to the reduced form of vitamin C in order of decre-asing ratio was cucumbers and squashes, then lettuces and beets, then perisimm-ons. and apples and then cabbages and onions. (2) In barley sprouts the ratio of the oxidized form to the reduced form of vitamin C was high before sprouting, decreased immediately after sprouting and then nicreased on 7th day after sprouting. In soybean sprouts, the ratio increased on the first day of sprouting then decreased. In mungbeen sprouts, the ratio was low in comparison with that in bearley sprouts and sobyean sprouts and there was not much variation in the ratio after bean sprouting. (3) From these points it may be concluded that the ratio of the oxidized form th the reduced form of vitamin C is specific for each vagetable.

스테로이드 홀몬에 의한 UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase의 발현과 기질 특이성에 관한 연구

홍영숙,함윤애,이세윤 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1992 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.50 No.-

The cDNA encoding a member of a family of steroid-UDP-glucuronosyltransferases has been cloned and sequenced. The form of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase designed UDPGT_r-5 is one of a number of closely related species encoded by member of multigene family. In this work northern analysis of a new member of this steroid glucuronidating family of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases is revealed by expression of synthetic oligonucleotide of UDPGT_r-5, 45 specific oligomer and 18 common oligomer nulceotides. Liver RNAs were separated from AD, PB, retinyl acetate, and insulin treated rats. UDPGT_r-5 oligomer hybridization and RNAs were detected by autoradiography. In UDPGT_r-5-specific oligomer hybridization, the 2.3Kb species were active towards androstenedione and retinyl acetate, while UDPGT_r-5 common oligomer active toward retinyl acetate and phenobarbital. Insulin induced RNA was no change 2.3Kb and 3.5Kb in UDPGT_r-5. This result suggested that the expression of UDPGT_r by insulin is controlled at the post translational level. These data showed that UDPGT_r-5 are androstenedione and retinyl acetate UDP-glucuronosyltranferse that is encoded by two mRNAs transcripted from a single gene.