The Comparison of Villains in Shakespeare’s Richard Ⅲ and Hamlet

( Choi¸ Chang-young ),( Park¸ Koung-im ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2016 영어권문화연구 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare two villains, Richard and Claudius, in the works of Shakespeare, Richard Ⅲ and Hamlet. For this purpose, two writers focused their interests on the human nature such as good and evil, and discussed the common points and differences of the characters. Richard Ⅲ is one of Shakespeare's political historic plays. The protagonist, Richard makes decision that he will completely be an evil man from the first to the end. In the process of depriving crown, he never wavered from his purpose. On the other hand, Claudius in Hamlet has his brother, late king and Hamlet's father killed and also tries to kill Hamlet. Nevertheless, in an effort to repent his sin, he pres to God several times. This is a small but nevertheless important change compared to Richard. These behaviors, however, are his disguised and disturbed appearances. After the veil was uncovered in the end of the plot, he revealed his hypocritical entity. From this view of the characteristic comparisons, this is an attempt to explore the nature of human's good and evil. Throughout Richard's behaviors, we could see that his consistent bad things draw a conclusion that his attitude of mind can make good-hearted person on his own. This leads to the concept of ‘emptiness’ that good and evil essentially are one. In other words, all ambiguous entities whatsoever in the world are empty of unstructured existence and it is the point of view of Shakespeare.

차량의 자갈로 주행성능 예측을 위한 자갈의 이산요소모델

임동우 ( Dongu Im ),김지태 ( Ji-tae Kim ),한현우 ( Hyun-woo Han ),최혁진 ( Hyuek-jin Choi ),오재원 ( Jae-won Oh ),박영준 ( Young-jun Park ) 한국농업기계학회 2021 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.1

자갈로는 아스팔트 포장 도로에 비해 낮은 수준의 마찰 특성을 가진다고 보고되고 있다. 특히, 경사로에서 자갈은 구름 운동이 발생하게 되며 그에 따라 주행 중 슬립이 발생하게 된다. 이는 차량의 동력손실과 더불어 안정성(stability)에 악영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 차량의 자갈로 주행성능을 예측하기 위해 자갈의 이산요소모델을 개발하였다. 이산요소법(discrete element method)은 접촉 이론을 바탕으로 입자와 입자, 입자와 기계장치와의 접촉력을 계산하는 수치해석법이다. 실제와 유사한 입자의 역학적 특성을 시뮬레이션 모델에 반영하기 위해서는 입자의 형상, 밀도, 크기 등의 macro parameters와 Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, 마찰계수 등의 micro parameters를 정확하게 정의해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자갈의 밀도와 크기를 측정하였으며, 실제 자갈과 유사한 형상을 반영하기 위해 자갈의 sphericity를 측정하였다. 또한, 일축 압축 시험을 통해 자갈의 Young’s modulus와 Poisson’s ratio를 측정하였으며, 안식각(repose angle) 시험을 통해 자갈의 마찰계수를 도출하였다. 마지막으로 자갈의 이산요소모델을 검증하기 위해 단일 그라우저의 추진력 시험을 수행하였으며 시험 결과를 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교하였다.

초·중·고등학교 학생·학부모·일반교사의 보건교육 영역별 요구도와 보건교육

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of health education in students, their parents and teachers in the elementary, middle and high schools and the current situation of health education class. Method: The subjects of this study were a total of 9450 persons including students, their parents and teachers from 279 schools throughout the country. They were selected through convenient sampling. Data were analyzed through x^(2)­test and ANOVA. Result: Students, their parents and teachers replied that 18 dimensions of health education class (DHEC) are necessary. The four DHEC - healthier life style, sex education, mental health and safety education - showed high educational needs in students, their parents, and teacher. High school students had higher educational need of 'symptom management for daily living' than elementary and middle school students. Students, their parents and teachers in elementary school had higher educational needs of 17 DHEC that those in middle and high school. The percentages of schools with health education class taught by health teachers were 99.2%, 75.5% and 66.0% respectively in elementary, middle and high schools. Health education was given mainly using physical education classes at elementary schools, and creative class hours at middle and high schools. In general, health education took 1-3 hours per week at elementary schools, and less than an hour at middle and high schools. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the results, systematic health education class should begin from elementary school to meet the need of health education in students, their parents and teachers, and further study should be made on the number of hours required and the amount of contents of 18 DHEC.

초·중·고등학교 학생, 학부모, 일반교사의 보건교육 요구

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2004 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify needs of health education of the students, parents, general teachers, and health teacher of the elementary, middle, and high schools. Method : 279 schools of elementary, middle, and high school were sampled nonproportionally during the period from June 28 to July 26, 2004 . The data were collected by the questionnaire from 1,888 students, 1,876 parents, 1,695 general teachers, 279 health teachers. A frequency, % and χ2-test were used to analysis by SAS program. Result : 1. It showed that 98.1% of elementary school students, 92.3% of middle school students, 89.6% of high school students answered that they need health education. The most of students, parents, and general teachers had high interests in health education. 2. In the case of students, main causes of needs of health education was 'to prevent diseases or accidents''. But parents answered that it was 'to build up a healthier behavior'. General teachers answered that it was 'more effective systematic and continuous health education'. 3. Over 80% of students, parents, and general teachers about the question of who qualified person is to teach health education as a regular class responded that health teacher is available. Especially 93% of elementary school students answered like that. 4. The most of students, parents, and general teachers answered that health education in the classroom is favorable 1 to 2 hours per week. Conclusion : As results of the study , the majority of students, parents, general teachers agreed needs of health education. Therefore, on the basis of this study, systematic and continuous health education is necessary. Additionally the establishment of independent health subject is required certainly.

폐모세포종 : 1례보고 A Case Report

최영호,서홍주,임영혁,김정중,박성강,이석기,임진수,김은규 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.2

Pulmonary blastoma is a very rare primary neoplasm of the lung. We experienced a case of pulmonary blastoma in a 40 years old man. The mediobasal segmentectomy of the right lower lobe was performed. The patient was discharge on the postoperative days 6. There is no evidence of recurrence or metastasis on followup study during 7 months period after operation.

개심술(開心術)의 임상적 고찰 : 치험 200예 200 Cases

최형호,서홍주,임영혁,김정중,배대양,이석기,임진수 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives: Two hundred cases of the open heart surgery due to congenital and acquired heart disease were done using the cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chosun University Hospital from November, 1980 to June, 2001. Material and Methods: The number of congenital heart disease was 132 cases. 68 cases were acquired heart disease. 'The age of the congenital heart disease was from 22 days to 45 years. In the acquired heart disease, the age was from 14 to 72 years. Result: Congenital heart disease consisted of 113 congenital acyanotic heart disease, 19 congenital cyanotic heart disease. Corrective operation was done for congenital heart disease with 4. 5 % operative mortality. Of 68 cases acquired heart disease, 44 patients were valvular heart disease, 3 cardiac tumors, 9 ischemic heart diseases, 12 aortic dissections and etc. The operative mortality was 13%. Conclusion: The postoperative complications were appeared in 68 cases and the complications were wound infection, occipital alopecia, low cardiac output syndrome, arrhythmia, septicemia etc. The mortality after open heart surgery was 15 cases and the causes of death were low cardiac output syndrome, septicemia, respiratory failure and left ventricle rupture.

레이저 용발에 의한 PZT박막의 증착

崔榮求,鄭光祐,任興淳,金相俠 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.1

Nd:YAG 레이저의 2차 조화파(532㎚)를 사용한 레이저증착방법으로 Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si 기판위에 Pb(Zr_0.52ti_0.48)O_3(PZT)박막을 제조하였다. PZT박막의 증착에 필요한 최적조건을 찾기 위해서 산소분압, 실리콘기판의 온도, 레이저세기 등을 변화시키면서 증착된 박막의 특성들을 관찰하였다. 최적조건은 기판과 타겟사이의 거리가 20㎜일때 산소분압은 3 torr, 레이저 세기는 1.5 J/㎠, 실리콘기판의 온도는 823―848 K임을 알 수 있다. 이들 조건으로부터 증착된 PZT 박막의 구조는 완전한 perovskite 구조를 나타냈으며, 화학적 조성은 벌크 PZT 타켓의 조성과 동일하였다. C―V 분석결과는 전형적인 강유전체 박막의 이력곡선을 보여주었으며, 박막의 두께가 0.18㎛일 때 유전상수값이 745로 나타났다. Pb(Zr_0.52ti_0.48)O_3(PZT)thin films were deposited onto the Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PZT) of second harmonic wavelength(532㎚) of Nd:YAG laser. In order to determine optimum parameters for thin film deposition, the characteristics of thin films were investigated as a function of oxygen background pressure, substrate temperature, and laser fluence. When the distance between substrate and bulk PZT target os set to 20㎜, the optimum parameters are observed to be 3 torr of oxygen pressure, 1.5 J/㎠ of laser fluence, and 823―848 K range of substrate temperature. From the measurement of the glancing X―ray diffraction, energy dispersive X―ray, and X―ray photoelectron spectra, it is concluded that the PZT thn film represents a perovskite structure and its chemical composition is very similar to that of PZT bulk target. Capacitance―Voltage hysteresis loop measurements show also a typical characteristics of ferroelectric thin film. The dielectric constant is found to be 745 for the 0.18㎛ thickness of PZT thin film.

大邱市 生活道路의 整備方向에 關한 硏究

임채문,박영환,정만표 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1995 科學技術硏究 Vol.2 No.2

Today, it has been taking a serious view to make comfortable circumstances that are free from pollution, traffic problems, energy shortage, etc. Therefore, when we plan to improve the road condition in city, we should give priority to building familiar community road. Taking account of this, in the study I have studied the case and policies of foreign countries to community road. The results of this study can summarized as follows. 1 It should be accepted to equip large humps or round shaped humps (length:3.7m, height:l0.cm) that ate generally used in Austria. There is no doubt that traffic signs should be equipped before these humps. 2 Each zone of daily life should be setted up by range of about 1km2 and it should be given various traffic regulations or safety facilities for pedestrians, bicycles (especially, children or the old.l) 3 As living environment is getting worse by inflowing of passing cars, it is important to protect pedestrians, bicycles from cars. Generally, the policy to prohibit large cass(like trucks)into living aces has been taken. In addition to this, from now all the cars(like trucks) into living area has should be excluded from the area, except special cases. 4 The policy that pedestrians should be prior to cars must be enforced in Taegu city, and community road for both pedestrians and cars should be designed. 5 When plan to organize the network of pedestrian lane or bicycle road, we should collect public opinion and policies of executive organizations. Especially, in the case of giving great influence on community transportation as redevelopment of around railroad station, the schemes should be included how to connect pedestrian with car or public transit. Doing all this, the planner should consider the synthetic transportation planning for the small district in urban area.

삼부이론을 적용한 창의적 사고 배양 수업안의 개발 : 지구과학 분야를 중심으로 Especially for High School Earth Science Education

최임조,임영구,강용희,유계화 慶北大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2003 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.27 No.-

The enrichment triad model(Renzulli, 1977) which was originally developed for teaching and learning of gifted and talented children consists of three types of enrichment activities. Type Ⅰ enrichment activities build knowledge for later use in 'gifted behaviors', and type Ⅱ enrichment activities focus on the 'how-to skills,' attitudes and values the student must develop to become and effective investigator, problem solver and producer. Type Ⅲ enrichment activities, the pursuit of real problems and realization of gifted behavior, are the fundamental goal for this model. In this study we developed enrichment activities for high school earth science class. We could summarize enrichment activities as follows: In studying the fossil section, after reporting their research activities on fossil data, students can understand the fossil theory through questioning and answering their homeworks. They can enhance their interest and curiosity by watching the movie 'Jurassic Part'(type Ⅰ enrichment activities). After making replica of fossil samples(type Ⅱ), they can write their research reports or articles concerning fossils(type Ⅲ). Students can extend their knowledge about fossils through these types of enrichment activities. In studying weather map section, after collecting newspaper clippings or searching internet, students present their knowledge about weather and weather maps(type Ⅰ enrichment activities). Learning how to make weather maps and investigating how to analyze them, student can extend their knowledge(type Ⅱ). Through these activities, students can apply their knowledge to everyday life experience(type Ⅲ). The third program is 'igneous rock' section. Students investigate the fossil formation in Korea(type Ⅰ enrichment activities). They can understand the principle of volcanic activities through experiment of volcano eruption model type Ⅱ. Through drawing pictures, writing assignment of experiment activities and playing the role play of igneous rocks, teachers can help students to acquire cause or interest to study the igneous rocks(type Ⅲ). In conclusion, within a classroom instruction teachers would be utilizing all three types of activities, moving from one to the other as class, and individual needs, demand. By selecting what students want to do and making them to produce results of their activities, we are expecting that teachers can cultivate creative thinking and enhance problem solving ability of students.

도시노인의 신체적 여가활동참여와 사회심리적 건강과의 관계

최영옥,구봉진,임나리 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 韓國體育大學校附屬 體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.1

This paper is to clarify the relationship between participation in physical leisure activities, past exercise experience and social psychological health in the urban aged. For this purpose, through multi-stage random sampling, a total of 328 (176 males; 152 females) were selected among the old in their 65 to 75 in Seoul. As for the measuring instrument, SAS (Self-rating Anxiety Scale), developed by Zung(1971), and the questionnaires, translated by Jang Dong-san et al. (1988), were used for the measurement of anxiety; SDS (Self-rating Depression Scale), developed by Zung and Durham (1965) and translated by Jang Dong-san (1988), was used for the measurement of melancholy; the questionnaire, translated and standardized by Baek He-won (1993) from SES (Self-Esteem scale) of Rosenberg (1965), was used for the measurement of self-esteem; and LSI-W Life Satisfaction Index-Well-Being), standardized by Bigot(1974), was used for life satisfaction. Through analysis of the relationship between participation in physical leisure activities, past exercise experience and social psychological health in the urban aged, the conclusion was drawn as follows: There are differences in social psychological health according to physical leisure activities. Both males and females showed statistically significant differences in self-esteem, life satisfaction, melancholy and anxiety according to participation in physical leisure activities. That is, as compared with the group of non-participation in exercises, the groups of regular participation and participation in exercises related with sports showed higher self-esteem and life satisfaction, and lower melancholy and anxiety