Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

철계 소결부품의 사출성형에 관한 연구

김영홍,권영순,김환태,김충식 울산대학교 1994 공학연구논문집 Vol.25 No.2

P가 첨가된 미세한 Fe 분말을 사용하여 Fe 및 Fe-Mo-Ni계에 대해 금속사출 성형방법에 의한 소결부품의 제조 가능성에 대해 조사한 결과, 바닝더로 사용한 Methylcellulos의 부피분율이 11vol%, 용매인 뭉의 양이 12wt%일때 우수한 성형성 및 소결특성을 보였다. 사출성형 조건은 다이의 예열온도가 110℃, 다이내의 유지시간이 3분일때 우수한 성형성을 보였으며, 650℃의 온도에서 1시간 유지하였을때 바인더는 완전히 제거되었다. Fe계 사출성형체의 소결시 얻어진 소결밀도는 이론밀도의 90%였으며, 활성제인 P가 소량 첨가됨으로써 소결성이 개선되어 95%정도의 소결밀도를 나타내었다. Using fine powders, the possiblity for the Metal Injection Moulding of the Fe and Fe-Mo-Ni steel with addition phosphours was investigated. The experimental results were obtained as follow; 1. The relative good molding and sintering behavior were obtained by using the binder constituted of 11 vol% methylcellulose and 12w% water solvent. 2. The preheated mould temperature and residence time were 110℃ and 240 sec for the optimal moulding condition. The binder could be fully removed by debinding at 650℃ for 1 hour. 3. The injection moulded Fe-parts could be obtained the relative sintered density about 90%. By addition of the small amount of phosphorus the more densification and then the relative sintered density could be obtained about 95%.

부산, 울산, 경남지역 직업병감시체계에서 나타난 수지진동증후근의 역학적 특성

최영희,유철인,이지호,이충렬,이헌,김영욱,채창호,고상백,김은아,이유진,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 국내에서도 국소진동에 의한 수지진동증후군이 다수 있을 것으로 추정하나 최근에 이에 대한 보고가 적어 부·울·경 직업병감시체계를 통하여 수지진동증후군에 대한 환례를 수집하여 이의 역학적 특성을 밝히고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 2001년 44월부터 2002년 12월까지 부산, 울산, 경남지역에 있는 종합병원 9곳을 통하여 특수 건강진단과 산업의학과 외래를 방문한 근로자를 대상으로 진동폭로에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 이들중에서 수지진동으로 인한 증상을 호소하는 근로자는 이학적 검사와 Stockholm workshop scale을 이용하여 수지진동증후군이 있는지 평가하였다. 결과: 남자 188명, 여자 4명 등 총 192례의 수진진동증후군이 의심되는 환례를 수집하였으며, 업종별로는 조선업에 종사하는 근로자들이 가장 많았다. 국소진동의 주된 폭로원은 그라인더가 가장 많았으며, 혈관장해로 인한 증상보다 감각신경성 장해로 인한 증상을 많이 호소하였다. 결론: 전국적으로 조선업종의 그라인더 사용자를 중심으로 많은 수의 수지진동증후군의 환자가 있을 것으로 추정되며, 이들에 대한 예방대책을 마련하기 위하여 전국규모의 정확한 유병률 조사 및 실태파악이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Objects: The objectives of this study were to estimate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) due to occupational exposure of hand transmitted vibration and to identify the occupations and industries where such exposures arises, and the main sources of exposure. Methods: In April 2001 the Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-Nam Province occupational disease surveillance system was established to measure the incidence and prevalence of work-relatd HAVS and other occipational diseases in these Korean provinces. Occupational physicians of nine hospitals in Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-nam Province were involved in this project between April 2001 and November 2002. Physicians collected information through questionnaires and interviews. Information gathered included age, occupation, types of vibration tools used and presence of subkective symptoms such as vibration-induced white finger (VWF), numbness and tingling. Results: A total 192 cases were reported with 188 males and 4 females. The shipbuilding industry was the most common type of industry and grinders were the most common source of exposire. Symptoms of neurological disorder were more common than those of vascular disprder. Conclusions: The authors concluded that exposure to hand transmitted vibration is common and that HAVS is one of the most common occupational diseases in Korea. However, the range and extent of hand transmitted vibration and the overall prevalence of HAVS in Korea is still unknown. More extensive research on this syndrome in order to priorite necessary preventive measures is required.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

금산지역의 수삼의 저장관리 및 유통 현황

김현호,황용수,성봉재,김선익,조진웅,김충수 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2006 농업과학연구 Vol.33 No.2

There are need to develop of merchandise of value added fresh ginseng because of high consciousness level of consumer and enlarge of markets for high quality products. The fresh ginseng after harvest was distributed to farmer partually but in general, it was to market by consigner or wholsaler directly after harvest. There were a high difference on storage period of fresh ginseng in different harvesting seasons. The reduction of value of commodities of fresh ginseng for storage period was caused by decomposition and tender of tissue. The storage temperature was under the freezing point and the packing method was sealing tightly by plastic film. As the quality of fresh ginseng was defined by naked eye, it was difficult to sort the quality of ginseng directly harvest.

pH低下에 依한 Negative inotropic action에 미치는 Glucose 및 CaCl_2의 影響

金重暎,李聲鎭,徐大圭,金吉喆 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1972 慶北醫大誌 Vol.13 No.2

In recent years, it has been believed that the DNA synthetic time (S-phase) is between 7 and 9 hours, however, the reports on this subject were vastly variable and also variable on G_2-phase (postsynthetic time) We presumed that S-phase would not be constant but S+G_2 phase would be constant. And we estimated the percent of labeled mitosis with one day postnatal chick stomach, and calculated as followings: 1. The S-phase was 4.5 hours, G_2-phase was 8.8 hours. 2. Minimum S-phase was 3 hours. 3. The total generation time was 19.5 hours and similar with the other reports, and the second curve was irregular, so it was computed by means of a formula using the labeling index and S-phase. It could be concluded that there were some relations between shortened S-phase and prolonged G_2-phase, and S+G_2phase were constant, however, it is needed more consideration and further study.

위암 조직에서 발현되는 새로운 유전자 Reg Ⅳ

김수령,서은영,이웅희,이증훈,이충식 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.2

A search for the genes expressed only in gastric cancer may help to define molecular alterations or aid in diagnosis of gastric cancer. Recently, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) has been used as an effective technique for detection of differentially expressed genes. We discovered a noble gene which belongs to the Reg family in stomach cancer tissue using the SSH technique. We identified and named the Reg Ⅳ gene that is highly expressed only in gastric tumor tissue. The Reg family gene has a lot of functions of the growth factor and gene regulation. The cathepsin L-12 gene, which is known to exhibit increased expression in breast cancer and some inflammatory conditions, is also expressed in stomach cancer. Expressions were verified by reverse Northern blot analysis and Northern blot analysis. We expect these genes to be used as an important tool for the diagnosis and/or understanding of the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.

동해안 연안어항 해수중의 COD 및 중금속 함량에 관한 연구

김영철,주충열,신응배 漢陽大學校 環境工學硏究所 1999 環境科學論文集 Vol.20 No.-

동해 연안 일부어항의 해수에 대한 수질환경 자료로 DO, ?? 총질소, 총인 그리고 납, 카드뮴, 크롬, 비소 및 수은 등의 중금속을 측정·조사하였다. 측정결과, DO 5.1∼6.2㎎/l, ?? 0.9∼2.7㎎/l, 납 trace∼0.054㎎/l, 카드뮴 trace∼0.004㎎/l, 비소 trace∼0.002㎎/l, 그리고 수은 trace로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 오염의 정도를 판단하기는 어려우나 환경부가 정한 해역의 수질환경기준과 비교하여 볼 때 중금속으로 인한 오염문제는 크게 우려할 수준이 아니나 일부어항의 ?? 용존산소, 총질소, 총인의 농도로 판단할 때 Ⅱ등급 또는 Ⅲ등급 수질로 나타났다. 이들 지역이 선박이 정착하거나 출입하는 어항임을 감안할 때 비교적 양호한 결과인 것으로 분석된다. The seawater was sampled from the East Coast and the contents of DO, ?? total nitrogen, total phosphates, and heavy metals(Pb, Cd, As, Hg) in the water were measured and analyzed. DO 5.1∼6.2㎎/l, ??0.9∼2.7㎎/l, total nitrogen<0.131㎎/l, total phosphate <0.019㎎/l, Pb <0.0542㎎/l, Cd<0.0038㎎/l, As<0.0016㎎/l, and Hg(trace) were detected by the analytical techniquies such as UV-visible spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. The results shows that heavy metal contamination of the East Coast is equivalent to the detection limits of the first grade seawater. But, the amount of DO, ?? total nitrogen, total phosphates shown above indicates that the seawater in the East Coast is of second or third quality. In conclusion, the samples cannot be justified as the first quality. Considering that the sampling sites were seaports, the seawater in the East Coast is not seriously contaminated.

Angiotensin Ⅱ 수용체 선택적 길항제 Losartan이 Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat 적출 대동맥의 수축에 미치는 영향

김춘식,한형수,김중영 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1994 慶北醫大誌 Vol.35 No.4

목적 : SHR의 장간막을 적출하여 장간막 혈관 관류를 시켰을 때 losartan을 2주간 처치한 군에서 대조군에 비해 norepinephrine을 투여하여 나타나는 관류압의 상승에 대한 전기자극에 의한 관류압의 비가 감소되어 나타났다. 이러한 현상의 원인을 검정하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : SHR의 적출 대동맥에 90분 동안 losartan을 처치하였을 때 처치전후에 phenylephrine과 KCl에 의한 수축력의 차이를 비교하였다. 결과 : losartan 처치로 수축력이 감소됨을 확인하였다. 또 내피세포를 가진 대동맥 절편이 내피를 제거한 절편보다 수축력의 감소가 더 현저하게 나타내었다. 한편 losartan에 의한 수축력 감소 현상은 2주간 ACEI인 enalapril을 식수에 타서 먹인 경우에는 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : losartan에 의해 KCl이나 phenylephrine에 의한 수축력이 감소하는 것은 혈관에 존재하는 RAS 특히 angiotensin Ⅱ의 다른 수축제의 작용을 증가시키는 작용이 차단됨에 따른 것임을 짐작할 수 있었다. 또 내피세포를 가진 대동맥 절편이 내피세포 제거한 절편에서보다 losartan에 의한 수축력 감소를 더 현저히 보이는 현상은 내피세포가 losartan의 영향을 받아 생긴 것으로 사료된다. The perfusion pressure ratio, electrical field stimulation(40 V, 5 msec, 40 ㎐, 30 sec)-induced pressure change/norepinephrine(10^-5M, 15 ㎖)-induced pressure change, in isolated mesenteric bed was evaluated. Losartan-treated (30 ㎎/㎏/day, 2 weeks) SHR showed decreased perfusion pressure ratio compared with control. To evaluate the cause of the decrease in perfusion pressure ratio we used isolated aorta. Incubation with losartan (10^-4M, 90 min) decreased the contractile response induced by phenylephrine(10^-7M) and KCI(50 mM) and the decreased response was not shown in enalapril treated(5 ㎎/㎏/day, 2 weeks) SHR. The decreased contractile response by losartan was more prominent in endothelium intact strip and less remarkable in denuded strip. From these results we can assume that losartan decreased the contractile response by eliminating local renin angiotensin system, particularly in the endothelium of aorta and therefore by reducing the contraction amplifying effect of angiotensin Ⅱ.

Methylene Blue가 Acetylcholine및 Potassium Chloride에 의한 적출장관평활근수축에 미치는 영향

김인겸,최영환,정현주,김중영 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.4

목적 : 본 실험은 guanylyl cyclase 억제제로 알려진 methylene blue(MB)가 acetylcholine(ACh) 및 potassium chloride (KCl)에 의하여 야기되는 적출장관수축에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 생쥐의 적출장관을 Magus조내의 Tyrode 영양액중에 현수하고 MB 2×10 exp (-5)mM 존재하에 ACh(1mM) 또는 KCl(67mM)에 의하여 야기되는 장관평활근수축을 처음에 급격히야기되는 phasic수축과 이어 속발지속되는 tonic수축의 변화를 비교 하였다. 결과 : ACh및 KCl에 의한 phasic수축은 MB존재하에서 크게 영향을 받지 아니하나, tonic수축은 현저히 억제되었다. MB에 의한 tonic수축의 억제작용은 MB를 제거한 상태에서도 나타났는데, ACh에 비하여 KCl의 경우 그 억제현상이 더 지속되었다. 결론 : Guanylyl cyclase 억제제인 methylene blue 가 acetylcholine 및 potassium chloride 에 의하여 야기되는 칼슘유리와 관계되는 phasic 수축에 비하여, 칼슘유입과 관계되는 tonic수축이 현저히 억제하는 작용도 있는 것으로 생각된다. To examine effects of methylene blue(MB) on contraction of intestinal smooth muscle, acetylcholine (ACh)- and potassium chloride (KCl)-induced phasic and tonic contractions in the isolated duodenal strips from mice were observed in the presence of MB or not.Sixty minutes after Incubation with 2×10 exp (-2) mM of MB. 1 mM of ACh- and 67 mM of KCl-induced phasic contractions were not affected, but both drug-induced tonic contractions were inhibited. These results show that methylene blue inhibits ACh- or KCl-induced tonic contractions related to extracellar calcium influx rather than phasic contractions related to calcium release.