<i>Lactobacillus</i> <i>yonginensis</i> sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium with ginsenoside converting activity isolated from Kimchi

Yi, Eun-Ji,Yang, Jung-Eun,Lee, Jung Min,Park, YongJin,Park, Sang-Yong,Shin, Heon-sub,Kook, MooChang,Yi, Tae-Hoo International Union of Microbiological Societies 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.9

<P>A Gram-reaction-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, β-glucosidase-producing lactic acid bacterium, designated strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from the Korean fermented food, Kimchi, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> was able to grow at 4–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 4.0–7.0 (optimum, pH 6.0). Strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> had the ability to transform ginsenoside Rb<SUB>1</SUB> to Rd. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity data, strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> was shown to belong to the genus <I>Lactobacillus</I>. Strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> was related to <I>Lactobacillus koreensis</I> DCY50<SUP>T</SUP> (98.8 % sequence similarity), <I>Lactobacillus parabrevis</I> LMG 11984<SUP>T</SUP> (97.7 %), <I>Lactobacillus senmaizukei</I> L13<SUP>T</SUP> (97.5 %), <I>Lactobacillus hammesii</I> TMW1.1236<SUP>T</SUP> (97.3 %) and <I>Lactobacillus brevis</I> ATCC 14687<SUP>T</SUP> (97.2 %). Subsequently, sequence analysis of the RNA polymerase alpha subunit gene (<I>rpoA</I>) confirmed that strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> showed a maximum <I>rpoA</I> gene sequence similarity value of 93 % with <I>Lactobacillus brevis</I> LMG 6906<SUP>T</SUP>. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.8 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Lactobacillus parabrevis</I> DCY50<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Lactobacillus parabrevis</I> LMG 11984<SUP>T</SUP> were 46.1±4.9 % and 10.6±2.9 %, respectively. The major fatty acids were summed feature 7 (comprised of C<SUB>19 : 0</SUB> cyclo ω10<I>c</I>/19ω6), C<SUB>14 : 0</SUB>, C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and C<SUB>18 : 1</SUB>ω9<I>c</I>. The cell wall peptidoglycan was of the A4α <SMALL>l</SMALL>-Lys–<SMALL>d</SMALL>-Asp type. The phenotypic and molecular properties indicated that strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species within the genus <I>Lactobacillus</I>, for which the name <I>Lactobacillus</I> <I>yonginensis</I> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> ( = KACC 16236<SUP>T</SUP> = JCM 18023<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>

Post-Hypercapnic Alkalosis: A Brief Review

( Yongjin Yi ) 대한전해질학회 2023 Electrolytes & Blood Pressure Vol.21 No.1

Metabolic alkalosis is a common acid-base imbalance frequently observed in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is associated with increased mortality. Posthypercarbia alkalosis (PHA) is a type of metabolic alkalosis caused by sustained high serum bicarbonate levels following a rapid resolution of hypoventilation in patients with chronic hypercapnia due to prolonged respiratory disturbance. Common causes of chronic hypercapnia include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), central nervous system disorders, neuromuscular disorders, and narcotic abuse. Rapid correction of hypercapnia through hyperventilation leads to a swift normalization of pCO2, which lacks renal compensation, consequently causing an increase in plasma HCO3- levels and severe metabolic alkalosis. Most of PHA occurs in the ICU setting requiring mechanical ventilation and can progress severe alkalemia due to secondary mineralocorticoid excess from volume depletion or decreased HCO3- excretion from decreased glomerular filtration rate and increased proximal tubular reabsorption. PHA is associated with increased ICU stay, ventilator dependency, and mortality. Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, has been utilized for managing PHA by inducing alkaline diuresis and reducing tubular reabsorption of bicarbonate. While acetazolamide effectively improves alkalemia, its impact on hard outcomes may be limited by factors such as patient complexity, co-administered medications, and underlying conditions contributing to alkalosis.

Effectiveness of inactivated hantavirus vaccine on the disease severity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

( Yongjin Yi ),( Hayne Park ),( Jaehun Jung ) 대한신장학회 2018 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.37 No.4

Background: An inactivated Hantaan virus vaccine (iHV) has been broadly used as a preventive strategy for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) by the South Korean Army. After the vaccination program was initiated, the overall incidence of HFRS cases was reduced in the military population. While there are about 400 HFRS cases annually, few studies have demonstrated the efficacy of the iHV in field settings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the iHV efficacy on HFRS severity. Methods: From 2009 to 2017, HFRS cases were collected in South Korean Army hospitals along with patients’ vaccination history. HFRS patients were classified retrospectively into two groups according to vaccination records: no history of iHV vaccination and valid vaccination. Vaccine efficacy on the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) stage and dialysis events were investigated. Results: The effects of the iHV on renal injury severity in between 18 valid vaccinated and 110 non-vaccinated patients were respectively evaluated. In the valid vaccination group, six of the 18 HFRS patients (33.3%) had stage 3 AKI, compared to 60 of the 110 (54.5%) patients in the non-vaccination group. The iHV efficacy against disease progression (VE_p) was 58.1% (95% confidence interval, 31.3% to 88.0%). Conclusion: The iHV efficacy against the progression of HFRS failed to demonstrate statistically significant protection. However, different severity profiles were observed between the iHV and non-vaccination groups. Additional studies with larger populations are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the iHV in patients with HFRS.

군대 내 건강한 성인 횡문근 융해증 환자의 재발률 : 전향적 선행 관찰연구

국군수도병원 ( Yongjin Yi ) 국군의무사령부 2019 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.50 No.1

Objective; Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome caused by rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle. Toxic cellular contents leaking to bloodstream would lead to acute kidney injury, compartmental syndrome, or disseminated intravascular coagulation. There was little evidence of recurrence rate of rhabdomyolysis due to lack of observational study performed in prospective manner. This study is prospective, observational study to assess recurrent rate of rhabdomyolysis in young, male military subjects. Method; From September 2016 to August 2017, newly diagnosed rhabdomyolysis patients who treated in Armed Forces Command Hospital were asked to participate the surveillance based prospective observational study for recurrence of rhabdomyolysis. The subjects followed 3-month interval surveillance until October 2018. They asked to visit the hospital when muscular or urinary symptoms recur and laboratory tests including serum creatinine kinase (CK) test was done. Recurrent rhabdomyolysis defined as more than one symptom of rhabdomyolysis with serum CK elevation. Results; A total of 17 patients were participated in the study. Fourteen patients (82%) were exertional and three (18%) had infectious rhabdomyolysis. During median 196 days of follow-up, four (24%) of the study subjects had recurred rhabdomyolysis proved by serum CK test. All four recurred subjects’ cause of recurrence was exertion. Crude recurrence rate in the study was 34.2 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval: 12.8-91.1). Conclusion; This prospective pilot study aimed to discover the recurrence rate of rhabdomyolysis among young, physically active participants. Compared with other retrospective observational studies, this study shows relatively high recurrence rate during follow-up period.

혈뇨로 시행한 신장 조직검사에서 IgA 신증으로 진단된 환자의 임상 정보를 활용한 예측 인자 개발 연구

이용진 ( Yongjin Yi ) 국군의무사령부 2019 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.50 No.1

Objectives; The IgA nephropathy is the world's most common form of single primary PSGN. The diagnosis of IgA nephropathy is made through kidney biopsy, which is usually conducted after macrohematuria occurs due to acute stress disorder, such as microscopic hematuria or upper respiratory infection. The operation of kidney biopsy is conducted by thorough inspection of gains and losses, since it is an invasive test that can cause bleeding. Although researches on prognostic factors have been carried out, not much is known about factors that can predict the diagnosis of IgA Nephropathy among hematuria patients. Methods; The research targets patients visiting Armed Forces Capital Hospital for kidney biopsy. Each patient was classified by the reason for conducting kidney biopsy, including simple diagnosis, suspected acute glomerulonephritis that occured or rapidly progressed within 3 months, suspected chronic glomerulonephritis lasting for more than 3 months, and the cause evaluation of kidney function degradation. Logistic Regression was carried out after research of medical history, clinical indicators, and laboratory opinion. Results; Among 154 hematuria patients, 96(62%) were diagnosed of IgA nephropathy and 58(38%) were diagnosed of other disease. There were no meaninful differences among these two groups in terms of age, BMI, history of smoking, family history of hematuria, hematuria period, and the occurence of macrohematuria between the two groups. Laboratory results also showed no meaningful difference in uPCR, serum creatinine concentration, and serum uric acid concentration between the two groups. There was a singnificant difference in serum IgA concentration (293.0 [231.5-367.0] vs 188.5 [151.0-266.0], p < 0.001) between the two groups. The variables that explained the occurence of IgA diagnosis in Logistic Regression were IgA/C3 ratio and diagnostic objectives. The explanation rate of the forecasting model was 39.6%. Conclusions; The study was carried out to develop a forecasting model for IgA nephropathy among hematuria patinets based on clinical data prior to biopsy. The results showed no factor that can forecast IgA nephropathy other than IgA/C3 ratio and the circumstances under which biopsy was conducted. A forward-designed, long-term tracking observation based on thorough kidney biopsy will be required henceforth.

측정 소변검사와 24시간 소변검사에서 측정한 소디움 배설 추정량의 비교 - 소변 검사 시간대에 따른 상관도 분석

이용진 ( Yongjin Yi ),박혜인 ( Hayne Park ) 국군의무사령부 2019 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.50 No.1

Objectives; Measuring salt intake is important for monitoring salt diet in renal disease patients. 24hr urine collection is widely accepted as gold standard method for measurement of sodium intake. Due to burdensome of the 24hr collection, a single collection of spot urine has been studied to supersede 24hr urine sample. However, it is uncertain that which time period is most suite for 24hr urine sodium amount. Methods; To find out the best time to estimate 24hr urine sodium excretion, we separately collected urine aliquots at every voiding urine and examined simultaneously and conducted a correlation analysis within the samples. Urine samples were collected over 24 hours in a total of 26 renal disease patients (15 IgAN, 2 thin basement membrane disease, 8 nonspecific hematuria, 1 minimal change disease). Before putting in a urine bag, each urine specimen was examined by divided into 5~10cc of an aliquot and the remaining urine were collected in the urine bag and examined as 24hr urine specimen. We compared measured 24hr urine sodium excretion and estimated daily sodium excretion from each spot urine over the time period. Results; All urine samples were divided according to time as follows: Overnight (12 AM to first morning urine), Morning (second morning urine to 12 PM), Afternoon (12 PM to 6 PM), Evening (6 PM to 12 AM). All subjects were male and mean age was 23.0±5.5 years. Mean height and weight were 176.5±4.7 cm and 73.1±8.5 kg. Average urine excretion rate of creatinine and sodium were 2049±396 mg/day and 3492±1400 mg/day, respectively. Mean level of spot urine sodium/creatinine ratio was 1908±992 mg/g, which was significantly lower than measured urine sodium excretion (p<0.001). Compared with the measured 24hr sodium excretion, urine samples during overnight time showed the highest correlation (r=0.829, p<0.001, pairs n=31). Afternoon (r=0.748, p<0.001, pairs n=58), morning urine (r=0.506 p=0.010, pairs n=25) and evening (r=0.412, p=0.016, pairs n=34) samples also showed significant correlation coefficients. First morning urine sample in all subjects showed highest correlation with 24hr urine sodium excretion (r=0.836, p<0.001, n=26). The correlation analysis of and second morning urine (r=0.521 p=0.006, n=26) showed relatively low correlation than first morning time aliquots. Conclusions; Among the spot urine specimens, the overnight samples before second morning urine showed the highest correlation with the total 24hr measured urine sodium excretion. Most estimates from spot urine were highly correlated with 24hr urine sodium excretion. However, variations of spot sodium/creatinine ratio within participants were also high, direct comparison between measured 24hr urine sodium and spot urine sodium/creatinine ratio should be caution.

Effects of Aquatic Exercise on Upper Extremity Function and Postural Control During Reaching in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Jeon Yongjin,Jeon Hye-Seon,Yi Chung-hwi,Kwon Oh-yun,Cynn Heonseock,Oh Duckwon 한국전문물리치료학회 2023 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Background: Despite the fact that aquatic exercise is one of the most popular alternative treatment methods for children with cerebral palsy (CP), there are few research regarding its effectiveness. Objects: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aquatic exercise on upper extremity function and postural control during reaching in children with CP. Methods: Ten participants (eight males and two females; 4–10 years; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels II–IV) with spastic diplegia were recruited to this study. The aquatic exercise program consisted of four modified movements that were selected from the Halliwick 10-point program to enhance upper extremity and trunk movements. The participants attended treatment two times a week for 6 weeks, averaging 35 minutes each session. The Box and Block Test (BBT), transferring pennies in the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test (BOT), and pediatric reaching test (PRT) scores were used as clinical measures. Three-dimensional motion analysis system was used to collect and analyze kinematic data. Differences in BBT and BOT values among pre-treatment, post-treatment, and retention (after 3 weeks) were analyzed using a Friedman test. In addition, the PRT scores and variables (movement time, hand velocity, straightness ratio, and number of movement units) from the three-dimensional motion analysis were tested using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The significance level was established at p < 0.05. When the results appeared to be statistically significant, a post-hoc test for multiple comparisons was performed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: All clinical measures, which included BBT, transferring pennies of BOT, and PRT, were significantly increased between pre-intervention and post-intervention scores and between pre-intervention and retention scores after treatment (p = 0.001). Three-dimensional motion analysis mostly were significantly improved after treatment (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Aquatic exercise may help to improve body function, activity, and participation in children with varying types of physical disabilities.

<i>Arthrobacter bambusae</i> sp. nov., isolated from soil of a bamboo grove

Park, YongJin,Kook, MooChang,Ngo, Hien T. T.,Kim, Ki-Young,Park, Sang-Yong,Mavlonov, Gafurjon T.,Yi, Tae-Hoo International Union of Microbiological Societies 2014 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.64 No.9

<P>A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped bacterial strain, THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from soil of a bamboo grove. Strain THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> was able to grow in the presence of up to 6.0 % (w/v) NaCl, at 4–37 °C and at pH 7.0–10.0 in R2A medium. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> was closely related to species of the genus <I>Arthrobacter</I>. The most closely related strains to strain THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> are <I>Arthrobacter ramosus</I> CCM 1646<SUP>T</SUP> (98.5 % similarity), <I>Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus</I> G2-1<SUP>T</SUP> (98.4 %), <I>Arthrobacter nicotinovorans</I> DSM 420<SUP>T</SUP> (98.2 %), <I>Arthrobacter aurescens</I> DSM 20116<SUP>T</SUP> (98.1 %) and <I>Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus</I> A6<SUP>T</SUP> (98.0 %). Strain THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> possessed chemotaxonomic properties consistent with those of members of the genus <I>Arthrobacter</I>, such as peptidoglycan type A3α (<SMALL>l</SMALL>-Lys–<SMALL>l</SMALL>-Ala–<SMALL>l</SMALL>-Thr–<SMALL>l</SMALL>-Ala), MK-9 as major menaquinone and anteiso- and iso-branched compounds (anteiso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, iso-C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and anteiso-C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB>) as major cellular fatty acids. The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid, unidentified phospholipids, unidentified aminolipids, an unidentified glycolipid and unidentified lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.0 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> and its closest phylogenetic neighbours were below 26.0 %. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the differentiation of strain THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> from species of the genus <I>Arthrobacter</I> with validly published names. <I>Arthrobacter bambusae</I> sp. nov. is the proposed name, and the type strain is THG-GM18<SUP>T</SUP> ( = KACC 17531<SUP>T</SUP> = JCM 19335<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>

Tumoral calcinosis and calciphylaxis treated with subtotal parathyroidectomy and sodium thiosulphate

( Hyunjeong Cho ),( Yongjin Yi ),( Eunjeong Kang ),( Seokwoo Park ),( Eun Jin Cho ),( Sung Tae Cho ),( Rho Won Chun ),( Kyu Eun Lee ),( Kook-hwan Oh ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2016 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.33 No.1

Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is a condition resulting from extensive calcium phosphate precipitation, primarily in the periarticular tissues around major joints. Calciphylaxis is a fatal ischemic vasculopathy mainly affecting dermal blood vessels and subcutaneous fat. This syndrome is rare and predominantly occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease. Here, we report on a rare case involving a patient with TC complicated with calciphylaxis. Our patient was a 31-year-old man undergoing hemodialysis who presented with masses on both shoulders and necrotic cutaneous ulcers, which were associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism, on his lower legs. He underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy, and sodium thiosulfate (STS) was administered for 27 weeks. Twenty months after beginning the STS treatment course, he experienced dramatic relief of his TC and calciphylaxis.

Tumoral calcinosis and calciphylaxis treated with subtotal parathyroidectomy and sodium thiosulphate

Cho, Hyunjeong,Yi, Yongjin,Kang, Eunjeong,Park, Seokwoo,Cho, Eun Jin,Cho, Sung Tae,Chun, Rho Won,Lee, Kyu Eun,Oh, Kook-Hwan Yeungnam University College of Medicine 2016 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.33 No.1

Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is a condition resulting from extensive calcium phosphate precipitation, primarily in the periarticular tissues around major joints. Calciphylaxis is a fatal ischemic vasculopathy mainly affecting dermal blood vessels and subcutaneous fat. This syndrome is rare and predominantly occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease. Here, we report on a rare case involving a patient with TC complicated with calciphylaxis. Our patient was a 31-year-old man undergoing hemodialysis who presented with masses on both shoulders and necrotic cutaneous ulcers, which were associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism, on his lower legs. He underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy, and sodium thiosulfate (STS) was administered for 27 weeks. Twenty months after beginning the STS treatment course, he experienced dramatic relief of his TC and calciphylaxis.