Characterization of cricket song patterns and the behavior observation of Teleogryllus emma (Orthoptera:Grylloidea)

Ji Chang Woo,Kim Nam-Jung,Lee Sang-Guei,Hwang-Yong Kim,Choi Hoon-Sik,Song In-Sun,Ko Jee Sun 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

We analyzed the chirp sound and behavior of Teleogryllus emma with observation system, which was consisted of computer, ccd-camera and microphone. Computational methods of wavelet transformation and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) were utilized to characterized the chirp sound of insect species for automatic counting in this study. Wavelets were initially applied to feature extraction of the chirp sound. Wavelet coefficients were accordingly calculated based on the basis function (e.g., Morlet). The obtained coefficients were subsequently provided to count number of chirps in each song. Sound structure of insect specimens consisted with long chirp and short chirp and the patterns of song were grouped by frequency of long chirp and short chirp. The song patterns of insect specimens were divided by Self-Organizing Map (SOM) that was used number of chirp as input data. Application of computational methods to automatic detection of chirp sound was further discussed for obtaining objective assessment in behavior science.

L'Homme machine의 분석

송상용 서울대학교 교양과정부 1971 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to examine Lamettrie's views on soul, man-machine, the concept of life, religion, and nature as expounded in his L'Homme machine. The emphasis is on the nature of his materialism which has been understood as metaphysical. For Lamettrie muscular irritability is the evidence of the materiality of the soul. However, he can be called a vitalist, because irritability is not a mechanical substance but an innate force, it is sought strictly in the organism. Lamettrie, thus, initiated a vitalism at the biological level which was followed by ide'ologues and subsequent French physiologists. Vartanian's claim that the man-machine idea is a scientific hypothesis is without good evidences. It seems, however, probable that Lamettrie thinks it was scientifically proven, for it is based on the data drawn from the latest research. He realized the limitation of his man-machine thesis, but it is obviously dogmatic from the modern point of view. Polyp's ability to reproduce itself from each of its severed parts is seen by Lamettrie as a revelation of the self-ordering creativity of nature. The apparent designs is inherent in life itself without the help of any supernatural intelligence. Lamettrie's materialism is by no menas scientific, but he is less dogmatic than d'Holhach or Haeckel in that he never established a metaphysical system. The crudeness of his man-machine idea is understandable, if we consider the situation in which he had to work before Lavoisier, thus without modern chemistry and scientific physiology, Many evidences show that Lamettrie should be included in the naturalistic tradition.

Ca^(2+)―작동성 Cl^-전류에 미치는 이차 전령들의 효과

송인섭,이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

The anion movements across the cell membrane were regarded as apart of passive distribution according to the cation movements. Recently, from the developement of patch clamp technique new concept for anion channels were introduced. And their roles in the genesis of action potential and resting potential were noticed. So we clarified the existence of the chloride channel in the smooth muscle cells and studied its nature in regard to the roles of the second messangers. We used the whold cell voltage clamp technique to study the current responses induced by carbachol application in the circular smooth muscle cells of the gastric antrum of the rabbit. The results were as follows; 1. Application of the carbachol induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Even in the cases of blocking all the known currents, these current components were observed. 3. Sodium ion removel from the external medium rarely affected these current responses, and the addition of cadmium ion did not make any remarkable change. 4. Known second messangers such as c-AMP, c-GMP, heparin, A1F_4 rarely affected these current components. 5. Lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentration drastically reduced these current responses. Form the above results we can suggest that the carbachol induced current responses contained chloride currents which were activated by only intracellular calcium ion, not by any other second messegers in the gastric antral smooth muscle cells.

대전지방 도시단독주택 지붕ㆍ현관ㆍ창호의 형태에 관한 조사연구

宋容浩,金尙謙,趙原德 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1986 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.1 No.2

Roof, porch and window are important exterior elements which constitute the building envelope. This is a research on these elements of urban detached houses in Taejon area to suggest the basic data for housing design. The research is executed by enquete survey, photographs, sketch, measurement of size and survey sheets. By analyzing the elements according to the building ages, type, size, materials and color, and then comparing them with the traditional elements, the findings extracted the following criteria; 1) the inclination of roof type/color. 2) the tendency of establishing porch. 3) the changing aspects of window type/materials/color as well as those of entrance door.

한국대학생의 도덕사태 개념화 및 그 변화과정에 관한 연구(II)

송명자,조용하,설기문,김상윤 東亞大學校 學生生活硏究所 1992 學生硏究 Vol.20 No.-

This study aims to analyze the moral judgmental levels and the conceptions of transgressions of Korean college students in a series of multifacted events and the aspects of change in terms of moral judgmental level and conceptualizastion after with two years' college experience. The study was based on the Kohlberg's cognitive moral development theory and on the domain-distinction model in which children's intuitive abilities are stressed. This study was consisted of two sub-studies done in 1989 and 1991 respectively. The subjects of the 1st year study were 416 college students in four major cities(Seoul, Taegu, Kwangjoo, and Pusan). The subjects of the longitudinal analysis of second year study were 199 college students who could be followed up among the subjects of the 1st year study after two years. The instruments used in this study were Test of Moral Judgmental Development and Test of Conceptualization on Mulifaceted Events developed by the authors on the basis of Kohlberg's and Turiel's theories respectively. The following conclusions were obtained through the basis of the results and discussions of this study. First, Korean college students' false responses to moral issues decrease but the radical and anti-social responses increase after two years, and ther these responses are replaced by the level Ⅲmoral judgmental responses. Second, college students who are on the higher moral judgmental level conceptualize the transgression in social conventional and personal domains less permissible than those on the lower levels do. The students who are on the lower judgmental level reveal the decrese of nonpermissibility in social conventional domain with two years' college experience than those on the higher level do.

붕어입 모양 절개를 이용한 미세혈관문합술

송상용,하범준,박영진 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.7

There are various methods of anastomosing or attaching the two ends of a severed blood vessel together. The most popular method is suturing, but it is tedious and time-consuming, has a tendency to leak between suture sites, and requires special training in microvascular surgery. Other anastomosis methods such as mechanical devices, tissue adhesives, lasers and modified suturing also have problems in achieving easy, reliable and fast anastomosis, and high patency rate. We developed a new eversion method to eliminate some of the current problems by allowing a quicker, simpler, and more reliable method of attachment. Our method consists of fish-mouth incision to the severed ends of vessels parallel to the vascular direction simultaneously accompanied by 2 stitches to the top of the incised vessels to obtain complete eversion and intima-to-intima contact. In this study, four clinical methods of attachments were compared; group 1, conventional interrupted suture, group 2, fish-mouth incision method with fibrin glue, group 3, fish-mouth incision with continuous horizontal mattress suture, group 4, fisy-mouth incision with angulated vascular ligating clips. We compare the patency rate and time required for anastomosis. histological changes(postoperative 1 week, 3 weeks) were also investigated to illustrate the endothelial regeneration, hyaline degeneration, microthrombus, and microaneurysm of anastomosis site. All the groups has similar high patency rate(p > 0.05). But, there was significant difference in anastomosing time among conventional suture method(group 1; average 45 minutes) and other methods(group 2; average 24 minutes, group 4; average 18 minutes). Especially, using fish-mouth incision with ligating clips, we could shorten the anastomosing time extremely. Microscopically, we found the relatively smooth healing surface of the anastomosis site with less hyaline degeneration, microthrombus, and microaneurysm in the groups using fish-mouth incision with fibrin glue and with ligating clip compared to conventional suture group. With fish-mouth incision method, possible advantages include consistent eversion of intima producing a continuous intimal surface within the lumen, tight sealing of the vascular edges, and minimal leakage. Moreover, operative time by using fibrin glue and ligating clip was significantly shorter and the patency rates were similar to the conventional suture method.

경구면역을 통한 항원 특이적 IgA 항체 합성에 있어 Cholera Toxin과 Alginate-Microsphere의 효과

송민형,유진수,권명상,성승룡,김용희,권익찬,정서영,양재명,김평현 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

Secretory (S-IgA) isotype antibody (Ab) is known to play an essential role in the primary defense against various infectious agents in mucosal tissue. However, it has been mostly unsuccessful in the induction of antigen (Ag)-specific IgA Ab response in this site by peroral vaccination. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cholera toxin (CI) as a mucosal adjuvant and alginates-microspheres as a carrier on BSA-specific IgA Ab response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue`(GALT). Peroral immunization of BSA plus CT conferred a great BSA-specific IgA response but IgG response on intestinal fluid (IF). In contrast, intraperitoneal immunization of BSA with Freund's adjuvant readily induced BSA-specific IgG response but IgA response in IF. Further, number of CT specific IgA-secreting cells was substantially increased in mesenteric lymph node when CT-encapsulated-VI alginates-microspheres was administered perorally. Taken together, these results indicate that peroral immunization of soluble antigen in combination of CT or microspheres significantly enhances antigen-specific IgA response in GALT.

뇌동맥류의 진단에 대한 전산화단층촬영 뇌혈관조영술과 고식적 뇌혈관조영술의 비교

송상현,윤수한,안영환,안영민,조기홍,조경기,김선용,서정호 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

Cerebral angiography has been essential for the diagnosis of the intracranial aneurysms but. is sometimes accompanied by serious complications. Resolution of CT angiography was up-graded greatly to represent the three-demensional structure of vesseles since helical CT had been introduced. We have compared 26 cases of CT angiography and 28 cases of conventional angiography in terms of specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis detectable aneurysm diameter. configurational diagnosis and diagnostic confidency. All results showed no statistical difference between CT angiography and conventional angiography. These should suggest that CT angiography could be replaced with conventional angiography for the diagnosis of ruptured aneurysms and even of unruptured aneurysms. resulting in the introduction of first screening modality of unruptured aneurysms.

1994∼1995년 한국에서 발생한 가을철 열성질환에 대한 혈청역학적 연구

송기준,송진원,백락주,김상현,김세연,이용주 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.4

목 적 : 최근 우리나라에서 발생했던 금성 열성질환의 전반적인 혈청역학적 양상의 분석을 위해 1994년부터 1995년까지 고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 바이러스병연구소에 급성 열성질환으로 검사가 의뢰된 환자혈청 5330건을 쯔쯔가무시병, 발진열, 신증후출혈열, 라임병 및 랩토스피라증에 대한 항체를 조사하였다. 방 법 : 1994년부터 1995년까지 2년간 고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 바이러스병 연구소에 검사가 의뢰된 환자혈청을 주 대상으로 간접면역형광항체법 검사로 쯔쯔가무시병, 발진열, 신증후출혈열 및 라임병에 대한 항체양성 유무를 검색하고 macroscopic agglutination법으로 렙토스피라증에 대한 항체를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 열성질환 환자 혈청 5330건을 대상으로 신증후출혈열, 쯔쯔가무시병, 발진열 및 라임병에 대한 항체검사 결과 쯔쯔가무시 항체양성자가 12% (640/5330)로 항체양성자 중 여자가 60%로 60대가 30% (192명)로 가장 많았다. 월별 분포에서는 대부분의 양성자 (89%)가 가을철에 집중되어 있었다. Richettsia, typhi에 대한 항체를 양성률을 보였다. 발진열 항체 양성자 중 남자가 60% (106/178)로 여자보다 많았으며, 모든 연령 층에서 발견되었으나 40∼50대가 57% (107명)로 가장 많았다. 대부분이 양성자 (44%)가 늦가을 (10∼12월)에 발생하였다. Macroscopic agglutination법에 의한 렙토스피라에 대한 항체률을 조사한 결과 1% (55/5330)의 항체 양성률을 보였으며 연도별로는 1994년 0.4% (11/2799), 1995년 1.7% (44/2531)로 1995년에 더 많은 항체 양성자가 발생하였다. 총 55건의 렙토스피라 항체양성자 중 남자가 71% 였으며, 연령별 분포에서는 60대가 47%로 가장 많았으며 20대 이상의 성인에서만 항체가 발견되었다. 대부분의 항체양성자 (78%)가 8∼10월에 집중되었다. 라임병은 총 5330건 중 항체양성자는 없었다. 결 론 : 1994∼1995년 우리나라에서 발생한 발열성질환환자 중 쯔쯔가무시병, 발진열, 신증후출혈열 및 렙토스피라증 환자가 전체의 29%였으며 항체 양성자수로는 신증후출혈열,쯔쯔가무시병,발진열,렙토스피라증 순이였다. 따라서 위의 4가지 질환이 우리나라에서 특히 가을철에 발생하는 급성열성질환의 주원이으로 생각되나 새로운 질병이나 신종 병원체에 의한 동일한 질환이 존재할 가능성이 매우 높으므로 지속적인 혈청역학적 조사가 수행되어야 할 것이다. Background :The principal acute febrile diseases reported in autumn, Korea, have been hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), scrub typhus, murine typhus and leptospirosis. Methods : To evaluat the seroepidemiologic patterns of acute febrile illness in Korea, sera were collected from 5330 patients from 1994 to 1995, and examined for antibodies against Hantaan virus, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi, and Borrelia burgdorferi by indirect immunofluorescent antibidy technique (IFA) and by macroscopic agglutination test for Leptospira interogans. Results : Of 640 seropositive cases against O. tsutsugamushi, 60% were female; age group of the seventh decade occupied 30%; 89% were reported during October and November. By IFA test, the seropositive rate of murine typhus was 3.5% (18/5330) with high incidence rate (44%) in the period from October to December, and males in their forties and fifties were mostly affected. Cases seropositive for leptospirosis consisted 1% of 5330 acute febrile illness cases. Of 55 seropositive cases, 71% were male; 71% were in their sixties; 78% occurred during the period from August to October to January and males in the thirties were mostly infected. No seropositive case of Lyme disease was present. Conclusion : The above results indicate that hantavirus, O. tsutsugamushi, R. typhi, and L. interogans were the main causative agents of acute febrile diseases during autumn season in Korea.

검도의 역사성에 관한 고찰

송용성 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

This study is concerning what made current Kumdo's figure and history which is able to be possible through the survey about Kumdo's inflow and development from Korea to Japan and from Japan to Korea. This paper will also help the increasing Kumdo players have clear understanding and its spirit. The contents can be put in order in brief like the following. First, in the inflow from Korea to Japan. Osawa giro one of prestige coaches of Kumdo has written the book. 'Kumdo's History in Japan', in which he said WangIn baksa had ever delivered the sword method and shield method to Japan. In the Era of Junggo, Dankong in Bakjae has gone over to Japan and then established 'Department of Hadan', which developed the technique of Kumdo. Some documents also has proven the fact that Kumdo was delivered from Korea to Japan. And the Koryo dynasty. Handanzi who has gone over to Japan, made the sword for Kumdo and 27 b.c. the prince of Sinra. Choeniljang has gone over to Japan with a jade stick and small sword. Second, the modern Kumdo came from Japan after the opening of port and at that time. it was called 'Kyeokgum' as an official name. In 1896 the police department has chosen Kumdo as a training subject for the security, which was the beginning of Kumdo in Korea. In 1904, Yoensung school, the organization for an official's retraining made the department of Kumdo from which it started spreading out gradually. Namely in Korea the Kumdo has begun as a subject for soldiers and policemen. But it was led by Japanese. After the independence of Korea the grade-holders in Seoul changed the name into Daehan Kumsa Association and on November. 1953 into Daehan Kumdo Association. At the same time, they reorganized the groups and joined Korean Amateur Sports Association<KASA>. Third, this research would like to pursue the development and stability of modern Kumdo as an event of sport. We should absorb and be adapted old things that are suitable for Korean emotion and body. First of all, we have to solve the trouble among the groups, including the dispute between 'Headong Kumdo' Therefore, it needs to interchange, understand and work together for the prosperity of Kumdo. Also, I think, Kumdo events such as Sirum. Tae-kwondo. Judo, Boxing. Wrestling, should be added to the curriculum of a junior high school and a high school because it will help the students train the body and their mind and foster sociality.