T 세포활성항원 CTLA-4의 기능에 관한 연구 : T 세포에서 표적세포 살해능과 CTLA-4 발현과의 연관성 Target Cytotoxicity of T Cell Correlates with CTLA-4 Production

노만택,조양자,김용식,최용,조보현,최장원,정용훈 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.4

CTLA-4, a T cell activation antigen and a homologue of CD28, was originally identified as a gene by a series of reverse genetic approaches. While CD28 molecule has been characterized well as a stimulator of T-cell function via enhanced lymphokines production and stablilization of those mRNA, most of the functions of CTLA-4 remain unknown. It has been widely accepted that CTLA-4 functions as an immune suppressor which is down-regualting the function of CD28. We previously showed that 34 KD form of this antigen mainly expressed CD8+ subset, a cytotoxic or suppressor, of activated peripheral blood lymphocyte. Based on our previous finding this study was conducted to further characterize immunological function of CTLA-4 especially in terms of involvement of this molecule in T-cell effector function mediating target cell cytotoxicity. 4 human T cell clones with different target cytotoxicities were employed in this study. NBL46 (CD4+) and NBL77 (CD8+) were cytotoxic and NBL32 (CD4+) and NBL58 (CD 8+) were non-cytotoxic to target LBF cell in target cell chromium release assay. And in Western blot assay 34 kD antigen was detected in NBL46 (CD4+) and NBL77 (CD8+) clones but not in NBL32 (CD4+) and NBL58 (CD8+) clones. It was summarized that expression of the CTLA-4 antigen was associated with cytotoxicity but not with subset phenotypes of T cells. In conclusion CD8+ T subset of PHA-stimulated PBL was major and only CTLA-4 producer and this molecule was induced during mid to late stage of T cell activation. The cytotoxicity of T cell clones to its target cell was directly correlated with its CTLA-4 production and vice versa. And it was highly suggested that primary function of CTLA-4 may involved in T cell effector function which mediates target cell killing.

위암환자의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin C-Carbon Particle의 Mitomycin 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,조영훈,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,조준식,최선웅,이진호,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,인현빈,정현용,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherpy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. The Mitomycin C(MMC) adsorbed by the activated charcoal particles(CH) is relatively released when the drug concentration surrounding the carbon particles becomes low in the peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity. For the intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the advanced gastric adenocarcnoma, mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles was administered in the peritoneal cavity just before abdominal wall closure. The closed drainage tubes were inserted in the peritoneal cavity and clamped for tuo hours after completion of operation. MMC concentrations were serially measured in peritoneal fluid, plasma and urine at 2hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour following its administration in order to study the efficacy of the MMC-CH as a drug delivery system. There were minimal toxicities in born marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal system after intraperitoneal MMC-CH administration. The data of this study suggested that MMC-CH may have a somewhat more beneficial effect than surgery alone when administered in optimal dose and schedules, but the MMC concentration of the peritoneal fluid was not sufficient to eradicate remnant cancer cells, and effective duration of maintenance was only below 24 hours in the peritoneal fluid and plasma.

크랭크샤프트의 기상 계측 시스템 개발

조현용,이원재,조재완,김석일 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

On-machine measurement (OMM) is considered as an effective approach to increase productivity in small batch production. This paper presents a specialized OMM system based on a touch probe, which can be used to measure and estimate the accuracies of crankshaft machined by a 5-axis multitasking machines. Measurement paths were created based on the CAD model of crankshaft and probe radius compensation, and were verified by virtual measurements. An NC program was created by performing the postprocessing of measurement paths, and was transferred to the multitasking machine, directly via RS232C interface. And the accuracies of crankshaft were measured through the touch probe controlled by the NC program. Especially, this specialized OMM system is more effective in case of measuring a large crankshaft because of handling difficulty due to its huge size and heavy weight.

잠김 금속판을 이용한 대퇴골 전자하 골절의 치료 : 압박 고 나사와 비교

손현철, 김용민, 김동수, 최의성, 박경진, 조병기, 박지강, 배승환 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2011 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.21 No.2

-본문참고-

무코스타정(레바미피드 100mg)에 대한 레바미드 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,정현철,오인준,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2001 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.31 No.4

Rebamipide is a novel anti-gastric ulcer agent that has been reported to increase the synthesis of mucus, to increase the mucosal concentration of prostaglandin, and to promote rapid ulcer healing. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two rebamipide tablets, Mucosta^TM (Otsuka Korea Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Rebamide^TM (Kyung Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The rebamipide release from the two rebamipide tablets in vitro was tested using KP VII Apparatus II method at pH 6.8 dissolution media. Twenty normal male volunteers, 24.20±2.26 years in age and 66.19±9.41 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 100 mg of rebamipide was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of rebamipide in serum were determined using HPLC method with fluorescence detector. The dissolution profiles of two rebamipide tablets were very similar at pH 6.8 dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t C_max and T_max between two tablets based on the Mucosta^TM were -2.57%, 5.77% and -1.47%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 12.62% and 17.63% for AUC_t and C_max respectively). The powers (1-β) at α=0.05, Δ=0.2 for AUC_t and C_max were above 99.00% and 88.56%, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals were within 20% (e.g., -9.96∼4.82 and -4.54∼16.09 for AUC_t and C_max respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Rebamide^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Mucosta^TM tablet.

리마틸 정(부시라민 100 mg)에 대한 부시린 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,이문석,오인준,김동현,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Bucillamine is a novel cysteine derivative with two free intramolecular sulfhydryl groups, and has a preventive and therapeutic effect on adjuvant arthritis, suggesting its antirheumatic action. With respect to the effect on the immune system, bucillamine-exerted such immunoregulating actions are to nomalize an excessive reduction or acceleration in immune reaction. It is useful not only in patients with early stage of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but also in those with active RA retained for more than 10 years. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two bucillamine tablets, Rimatil^TM (Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Bucilin^TM (Kuhn Il Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Eighteen normal male volunteers. 23.67±2.09 years in age and 65.03±6.73㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After three tablets containing 100㎎ of bucillamine per tablet were orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of bucillamine in serum were determined using GC/MS with mass selective detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_mex and T_max between two tablets were -0.29%, -3.20% and 8.22%, respectively, when calculated against the Rimatil^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 84.31% and 91.16%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.10 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 18.58% and 16.51% for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -12.77∼12.20 for AUC_t and -14.30∼7.90 for C_max). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Bucilin^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Rimatil^TM tablet.

급성세균성전립선염의 임상적 특징 및 치료 결과

조수연,배웅진,조용현,이승주 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.1

Background : Acute bacterial prostatitis is an uncommon male urinary tract infection that is the result of severe prostatic infection mainly by gram-negative bacteria. We conducted a retrospective study to report clinical outcomes of patients with acute bacterial prostatitis. Materials and Methods : The clinical records of 49 patients diagnosed with acute bacterial prostatitis were reviewed retrospectively and patients' symptoms, investigations, and treatments were analyzed. Results : All patients presented with fever and voiding symptoms. Some patients (22.4%) had a history of prior manipulation of the lower urinary tract including transrectal prostate biopsy. Urine cultures were positive for 51% of the patients. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (60%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12%). The ciprofloxacin susceptibility against E. coli was 80%. All patients were treated with parenteral antibiotics in the hospital followed by oral antibiotics for average of three weeks. The major drugs used for empirical treatment were cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Prostatic abscess was found in two (4.1%) Patients and chronic pelvic pain syndrome developed in six (12.2%) patients during follow-up. Conclusion : The currently used empirical antibiotics were mostly effective in the treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis. Continuous monitoring on antimicrobial susceptibility of acute bacterial prostatitis was necessary for providing proper treatment guideline.

리스페달 정(리스페리돈 2㎎)에 대한 리스펜 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,박은자,강현아,백승희,이석,박찬호,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.2

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two risperidone tablets, Risperdal (Janssen Korea Co., Ltd) and Rispen (Myung In Pharm. Co., Ltd), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The risperione release from the two risperidone formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with various of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 butter solution and water). Twenty four healthy male subjects, 23.33±2.10 years in age and 69.24±8.05 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 crossover study was employed. After one tablet containing 2 ㎎ as risperidone was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of risperidone in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_(t), C_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t), C_(max) and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the Risperdal were 0.20, -1.29 and -11.09% for AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(max), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.90)∼log(1.03) and log(0.84)∼log(1.09) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guideline for the bioequivalence were satisfied, indicating Rispen tablet and Risperdal tablet were bioequivalent.

레보프라이드 정(레보설피리드 25㎎)에 대한 레보피드 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,강현아,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.2

Levosulpiride is the levo-enantiomer form of racemic sulpiride, a benzamide derivative selectively inhibiting dopaminergic D_2 receptors at the trigger zone both in the central nervous system and in the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two levosulpiride tablets, Levopride (SK Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Levopid (Dae Won Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The levosulpiride release from the two levosulpiride tablets in vitro was tested using KP VII Apparatus Ⅱ method with various different kinds of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solution and water). Twenty eight normal male volunteers, 23.82±3.26 years in age and 69.13±8.58 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 25 mg of levosulpiride was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of levosulpiride in serum were determined using HPLC method with fluorescence detector. The dissolution profiles of two levosulpiride tablets were very similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_t and C_max and untransformed T_max. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets based on the Levopride were -1.17%, 1.20% and -1.09%, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two tablets in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.93)∼log(1.07) and log(0.90)∼log(1.14) for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence interval using untransformed data was within ±20% (e.g., -19.47∼16.20 for T_max). All parameters met the criteria of KFDA guideline for bioequivalence, indicating that Levopid tablet is bioequivalent to Levopride tablet.

밭토양에 처리된 규산질 비료의 유효화와 토양반응 교정효과

조현종,최희열,이용우,이윤정,정종배 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.2

이화학적 특성이 다른 4가지의 밭토양에 대한 규산질 비료를 처리하여 토양의 유효규산 함량과 pH 변화에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 토양의 이화학적 특성과 기존 유효규산 함량에 상관없이 토양 유효규산 함량은 규산질 비료 시용량에 비례하여 증가 하였다. 규산질 비료의 유효화 정도는 토양마다 차이가 있었으며 최저 9.1%에서 최고 19.2% 정도의 비율을 나타냈다. 규산질 비료 100 kg/10a 수준의 처리는 용탈 등으로 제거되지 않는 한 10 cm 깊이 표토에 평균적으로 100 mg/kg 정도 의 유효규산을 공급할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 퇴비 혼합처리는 토양 유효규산 함량 증가에 큰 영향을 미치지 못했으며, 석회 처리는 유효규산 함량을 다소 증가시켰다. 토양 pH 변화는 모든 토양에서 규산질 비료 시비량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 규산질 비교 100 kg/10a 처리로 토양 pH를 0.1~0.2 단위 증가시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 산성 토양의 경우에는 규산질 비료의 시용과는 별도로 pH 교정을 위해 석회비료를 시용해야 할 것이다. Although silicon (Si) has been known to be an essential element for rice growth, the optimum soil level of Si for upland crops remains unestablished. This study was conducted to estimate the availability of Si fertilizer in upland soils, and also effect of the Si fertilizer on soil pH was examined. Different application rates of Si fertilizer were tested using four soils of different available Si levels and pHs in a series of laboratory incubation study. The treatments included Si fertilizer levels of 100, 200, and 300 kg/10a. Also to examine the effects of compost and lime on the availability of Si fertilizer in upland soil, treatment of silicate fertilizer 200 kg/10a + compost 1,000 kg/10a and lime alone treatment were included. Changes of Si availability in the soils during the incubation period were measured by 1 N NaOAc extraction procedure. Availability of Si fertilizer was different among the tested soils, and about 9.1~19.2% of the applied Si fertilizer was extracted after 60 days laboratory incubation. Application rate could not influence the availability of Si fertilizer. Application of compost with Si fertilizer could not increase Si availability in upland soils, but lime treatment could increase Si availability. Soil pH increased by application of Si fertilizer, but the effect of Si fertilizer on soil pH was minimal. When Si fertilizer is applied on the purpose of Si nutrition in acid upland soils, lime treatment should be coupled with the Si fertilizer for remediation of soil acidity.