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담관담석증 및 담관암 환자의 담즙에서의 Helicobacter의 검출에 관한 연구
김정원,신지현,임창영,이명인,이종화,송일한,김정택,노임환,양미라,진영주 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5
Background/Aims: In Korea, the number of patients with hepatolithiasis and choledocho]ithiasis are much higher than those in western countries. Infection might play a major role in the pathogenesis of bile duct stones. Until now E.coli, Klebsiella sp.and Gram negative enteric organisms were considered as predominant organisms isolated from bile with bile duct stones. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in gastroduodenal disease is remarkable in Korea. Bile acid, at physiologic concentrations, is known to cause a growth inhibition in H. pylori in vitro. The in vivo inhibitory effect of the bile acids on K. pylori, however, is unclear. Therefore, we investigated if H. pylori might be associated with bile duct stones or cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Fifty two bile samples of 47 cases of bile duct stones(18 of IHD stone, 22 of CBD stone, 7 of IHD and CBD stone) and 5 cases of cholangiocarcinoma proven by histology were evaluated. 32 bile samples were collected by endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tube and 12 by percutanous transhepatic bile duct drainage tube. These 44 bile samples were collected on 5 to 7 days after ERCP without endoscopic shincterotomy. 8 samples were obtained by needle aspiration of gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 26 kDa surface antigen of H. pylori was detected using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification. Results: 7 of 52 cases(13,5%) were positive for H. pylori 26 kDa surface antigen. Of the 7 cases, 6 cases were bile duct stone(2 of IHD stone, 3 of IHD and CBD stone, 1 of CBD and GB stone) and 1 case was hilar cholan-giocarcinoma. Among 7 cases of 26 kDa surface antigen positive, 4 cases of H. pylori DNA was detected in the bile from PTBD(including one case of needle aspiration of GB), and 3 cases in the bile from ENBD tube. Conclusions: Therefore, we concluded that H.pylori could be detected in the biliary tree with hepatolithiasis, choledocholithiasis or cholangiocarcinoma in Korea. Further investigation will be required if H.pylori or its subtype could cause cholangitis.
한국산 도롱뇽 ( Hynobius leechii ) 의 농경지에서의 배 발생 이상과 살균제 Benomyl 의 독성효과
최영주(Yeoung Ju Choi),윤춘식(Chun Sik Yoon),박주홍(Joo Hung Park),진정효(Jung Hyo Jin),정선우(Seon Woo Cheong) 한국하천호수학회 2002 생태와 환경 Vol.35 No.3
A numerical variation and abnormalities were studied on egg bags and embryos of Korean salamander, Hynobius leechii from agricultural habitat. The teratogenic and toxic effects of fungicide benomyl were also investigated with early embryos from non-agricultural habitat. We collected 144 egg bags from agricultural region, and 3418 of early embryos were contained. The lengths of egg bags were varied from 10 to 23㎝ and the most frequent length was 19㎝. The number of embryos was varied from7 to 43, and the most frequent range was 22 to 26. Spontaneous abnormalities were occurred in 406 embryos among 116 egg bags, and 24 kinds of external abnormalities were found. Individuals showing severe external defect were histologically studied and they showed optic dyspalsia, thyroid carcinoma, somatic muscular dysplasia, partial biaxial structure, decrease of red blood cells in the heart, cephalic degeneration and intestinal dysplasia. 385 embryos from non-agricultural region were exposed to 200nM∼1μM of benomyl at blastula or gastrula for 12 days. All embryo were dead in the concentration of 1μM(LD_100) and 75% of embryos were dead in 800 nM of benomyl. Specific effect due to benomyl was acrania or cephalic dysplasia and this result suggests that the benomyl inhibit strongly to the development of neural tissue. These abnormal developments may be caused by antimitotic action, inhibition of tubulin complex, destruction of microtubule, inhibitions of neurulation and closing of neural fold, and by the inhibition of the movement of neural crest cells.
정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),김정목(Jung Mogg Kim),진영주(Yeoung Joo Jin),이경미(Kyung Mee Lee),김우호(Woo Ho Kim),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.5
N/A Background/Aims: CagA or cytotoxin-positive H. pylori may be associated with gastroduodenal diseases. However, controversies about this association also exist. Moreover, there could be geographic differences in the prevalence of virulence factors such as cagA or cytotoxin. It is also not clear whether there are substantial differences among clinical isolates which differ in bearing cagA or cytotoxin in the ability to induce IL-8 gene expression and protein secretion from the gastric epithelial cells. We performed this study 1) to determine the prevalence rate of the genes of virulence factor such as cagA and cytotoxin in H. pylori, 2) to test the ability of cagA cytotoxin', cagA cytotoxin or cagA cytotoxin H. pylori strain to evoke the proinflammatory cytokine expression in cultured gastric epithelial cells respectively. Methods: 1) The prevalence of the cagA gene in H. pylori strains isolated from Koreans was determined by PCR analysis. 2) Cytotoxin assay was performed by the concentrated broth supematants and HeLa cells(ATCC CCL2). 3) Proinflammatory cytokine gene expression was observed by RT-PCR analysis using the RNA extracted from human gastric epithelial cells such as Hs746T(ATCC HTB 135) and AGS(ATCC CRL 1739) infected with H. pylori. Cytokine proteins were also measured by ELISA. Results: 1) 96.8% of H. pylori isolates from Korean adults possessed cagA gene. And 80.6% of H. pylori strains have expressed vacuolating cytotoxicity against HeLa cells within 24 hours. 2) All cagAcytotoxin', cagAcytotoxin or cagA cytotoxin H. pylori strains could evoke the expression of cytokines such as IL-la/p, IL-8, MCP-1 and GM-CSF in the gastric epithelial cells. In case of IL-8, number of molecules of the expressed cytokine transcripts was parallel to the amounts of protein secreted from the gastric epithelial cells infected with H. pylori. Conclusions: These results suggest that H. pylori itself could give rise to express the proinflammatory cytokines in gastric epithelial cells regardless of possessing the known viru1ence factors of H. pylori. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997;29:579-590)
반응표면 분석법을 이용하여 Cellulase 에 의한 키토산올리고당의 제조 조건 설정
주동식 ( Dong Sik Joo ),이정석 ( Jung Suck Lee ),김옥선 ( Ok Seon Kim ),조순영 ( Soon Yeoung Cho ) 한국수산과학회 2002 한국수산과학회지 Vol.35 No.6
Cellulase를 이용하여 올리고당을 제조하기 위한 최적 조건을 반응표면 분석법을 이용하여 설정하였다. 키토산 분해능과 산업적 활용의 측면에서 유리한 Pen. funiculosum 유래의 cellulase를 예비 실험을 통해 결정하였다. 이 효소의 적정 반응 조건에서 경시적 키토산 분해율을 측정한 결과, 반응 10시간까지는 대수적 증가를 보였으나, 10시간 이후로는 완만한 분해율을 나타내었다. 중심합성계획에 의해 총 26개의 실험을 행한 뒤 반응표면분석법으로 설정한 키토산 분해 최적 조건은 기질 농도 0.5%에 대해 효소 농도 143(U), 반응온도 49 ˚C, 반응시간 13.2hr 및 pH는 3.8이었다. 본 연구에서 설정된 최적의 조건에서 얻어진 키토산 분해물은 dimer와 trimer가 주된 올리고당이었고, 소량의 tetramer와 hexamer 그리고 monomer 등의 총 8종 정도의 올리고당이 검출되었다. Optimal conditions for preparing of chitooligosaccharides from chitosan with cellulase was researched by response surface methodology. Penicillium funiculosum derived cellulase was most effective for chitooligosaccharides production as the point of hydrolyzing activity and commercial utility. The result which measures the change of degrading ratio at time course, 10 hr reaction showed a exponential increase and after that time degrading ratio was not changed. The optimal conditions determined by response surface methodology with central composite design of total 26 species were 0.5% of chitosan, 143 U enzyme, 49 ˚C of reaction temperature, 13.2 hr of reaction time and pH 3.8 Major chitooligosaccharides produced form chitosan on optimal conditions were dimer and trimer.