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최근 제주도 도심과 배경지점에서의 CO2 농도 변화 및 복사강제력 영향 연구
이수정 ( Soo-jeong Lee ),송상근 ( Sang-keun Song ),박연희 ( Yeon-hee Park ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.7
The spatial and temporal variations of CO2 concentrations and radiative forcing (RF) due to CO2 were examined at urban center (Yeon-dong) during 2010-2015 and background sites (Gosan) during 2010-2014 on Jeju Island. The RF at the two sites was estimated based on a simplified expression for calculating RF for the study period. Overall, annual mean CO2 concentrations at the Yeon-dong and Gosan sites have gradually increased, and the concentrations were higher at Yeon-dong (401-422 ppm) than at Gosan (398-404 ppm). The maximum CO2 concentrations at the two sites were observed in winter or spring, followed by fall and summer, with higher concentrations at Yeon-dong. The RF at Yeon-dong (annual mean of up to 0.70 W/m2 in 2015) was higher than that at Gosan (up to 0.46 W/m2 in 2014), possibly because of higher CO2 concentrations at Yeon-dong resulting from population growth and human activities (e.g., fossil fuel combustion). The highest monthly mean RFs at Yeon-dong (approximately 0.92 W/m2) and Gosan (0.52 W/m2) were observed in spring 2015 (Yeon-dong) and spring 2013 (Gosan), whereas the lowest RFs (0.17 and 0.31 W/m2, respectively) in fall 2011 (Yeon-dong) and summer in 2012 (Gosan).
연구논문 : 제주지역 미세먼지의 장기변동 및 농도변화에 관한 국지기상 분석
박연희 ( Yeon Hee Park ),송상근 ( Sang Keun Song ),이수정 ( Soo Jeong Lee ),김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ),한승범 ( Seung Bum Han ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Long-term variations of PM_{10} and the characteristics of local meteorology related to its concentration changes were analyzed at 4 air quality sites (Ido-dong, Yeon-dong, Donghong-dong, and Gosan) in Jeju during two different periods, such as PI (2001-2006) and PII (2007-2013), over a 13-year period. Overall, the long-term trend of PM_{10} was very slightly downward during the whole study period, while the high PM_{10} concentrations in PII were observed more frequently than those in PI. The concentration variations of PM_{10} during the study period was clarified in correlation between PM_{10} and meteorological variables, e.g. the low (high) PM_{10} concentration with large (small) precipitation or high (low) radiation and in part high PM_{10} concentrations (especially, Donghong-dong and Gosan) with strong wind speed and the westerly/northwesterly winds. This was likely to be caused by the transport effect (from the polluted regions of China) rather than the contribution of local emission sources. The PM_{10} concentrations in “Asian dust” and “Haze” weather types were higher, whereas those in “Precipitation”, “Fog”, and “Thunder and Lighting” weather types were lower. The contribution of long-range transport to the observed PM_{10} levels in the urban center (Ido-dong, Yeon-dong, and Donghong-dong), if estimated by comparison to the data of the background site (Gosan), was found to explain about 80% (on average) of its input.
Paladhi, Sushovan,Liu, Yidong,Kumar, B. Senthil,Jung, Min-Jung,Park, Sang Yeon,Yan, Hailong,Song, Choong Eui THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.19 No.12
<P>The potential of Song's chiral oligoethylene glycol's (oligoEGs) as catalysts was explored in the enantioselective protonation of trimethylsilyl enol ethers in combination with alkali metal fluoride (KF and CsF) and in the presence of a proton source Highly enantioselective protonatigns of various silyl enol ethers of alpha-substituted tetralohes were achieved, producing chiral alpha-substituted-Jetralones in full conversion and with up to 99% ee. The established protocol was successfully exiended to the synthesis of biologically relevant chiral alpha-substituted chromanone and thiothromarione derivatives.</P>
Song, Hae-Ryong,Park, Joo-Won,Cho, Dae-Yeon,Yang, Jae Hyuk,Yoon, Hye-Ran,Jung, Sung-Chul KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2007 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.22 No.6
<P>X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) results from mutations in the <I>PHEX</I> gene. Mutational analysis of the <I>PHEX</I> gene in 15 unrelated Korean patients with hypophosphatemic rickets revealed eight mutations, including five novel mutations, in nine patients: two nonsense mutations, two missense mutations, one insertion, and three splicing acceptor/donor site mutations. Of these, c.64G>T, c.1699C>T, c.466_467 insAC, c.1174-1G>A, and c.1768+5G>A were novel mutations. To analyze the correlation between genotype and phenotype, phenotypes were compared between groups with and without a mutation, in terms of mutation location, mutation type, and sex. Skeletal disease tended to be more severe in the group with a mutation in the C-terminal half of the <I>PHEX</I> gene, but no genotype-phenotype correlation was detected in other comparisons. Further extensive studies of the <I>PHEX</I> gene mutations and analyses of the genotype-phenotype relationships are required to understand PHEX function and the pathogenesis of XLH.</P>
Song, Joon Seon,Chang, Hee Jin,Kim, Dae Yong,Kim, Sun Young,Baek, Ji Yeon,Park, Ji Won,Park, Sung Chan,Choi, Hyo Seong,Oh, Jae Hwan Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Cancer Vol.117 No.17
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND:</B></P><P>Pericolorectal tumor deposits (TDs) are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer, and the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system recently classified TDs without regional lymph node metastasis as category N1c. However, the definition of TDs has varied. Moreover, with the recent, widespread application of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancers, residual primary tumor confined to the mesorectum is not infrequent, and it is unclear whether the N1c category is appropriate for these tumors.</P><P><B>METHODS:</B></P><P>To evaluate the prognostic significance of the N1c classification in patients with rectal cancers after preoperative CRT, the authors reviewed the histologic features of 136 rectal cancers that were classified previously with a tumor classification of 3 [T3], negative lymph nodes [N0], and no metastasis [M0] based on the pathologic extent of disease (ypT3N0M0). These tumors were reclassified according to the new AJCC staging system, and patient outcomes were analyzed.</P><P><B>RESULTS:</B></P><P>Perirectal TDs were detected in 16 of 136 patients (11.8%). Patterns of TD included a separate nodule pattern in 6 patients (38%), a perivascular pattern in 4 patients (25%), a perineural pattern in 4 patients (25%), and a lymphatic pattern in 2 patients (12%). By using the new N1c category, 120 patients (88.2%) were classified with yp‐stage IIA disease, 6 patients (4.4%) were classified with yp‐stage IIIA disease, and 10 patients (7.4%) were classified with yp‐stage IIIB disease. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between the TD‐positive and TD‐negative groups in disease‐free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) (<I>P</I> = .48 for both; log‐rank test). In addition, the reclassified TMN stage was not related to DFS (<I>P</I> = .17) or OS (<I>P</I> = .072).</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS:</B></P><P>The category N1c may not be appropriate for patients with rectal cancer after preoperative CRT, because the definition of ypN1c was confusing and did not have prognostic significance. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.</P>
Sung Jwa-Kyung,Park So-Hyeon,Lee Su-Yeon,Lee Ju-Young,Jang Byoung-Choon,Hwang Seon-Woong,Kim Tae-Wan,Song Beom-Heon The Korean Society of Crop Science 2006 한국작물학회지 Vol.51 No.2
The present study describes carbohydrate metabolism, macro-element utilization and antioxidant defenses in response to an ozone dose (100 ppb, 8d) in two rice varieties. Tolerant (cv. Jinpumbyeo) and sensitive (cv. Chucheongbyeo) varieties of rice were grown in growth chamber for 30 days after sowing. Concentrations of chloroplast pigments and non-structural carbohydrates as well as activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined to evaluate the resistance against ozone stress. Ozone caused the decrease in chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents, and also resulted in faster decomposition of non-structural carbohydrate in leaf blade and leaf sheath. The contents of nitrogen and potassium in leaves were visibly decreased in cv. Chucheongbyeo with an increase in ozone exposure, but not in cv. Jinpumbyeo. Enzymatic antioxidants against ROS in both varieties responded in the order of POD, SOD and CAT, and their capacity was stronger in cv. Jinpumbyeo.
Song Juni,Jeon Yang Bin,Jang Jae Ho,Cho Jin-Seong,Choi Jae Yeon,Choi Woo Sung 대한외상학회 2023 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.36 No.1
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patients injured by high-rotation cutting tools and the factors related to the severity of their injuries.Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years), who presented to the emergency department (ED) after a high-rotation cutting tool injury and who were registered in the Korean Emergency Department-based Injury In-Depth Surveillance (2011–2018) database, were included. Patients’ demographic characteristics, injury-related factors, and Injury Severity Scores were collected. All included cases were categorized into two groups according to the tool that caused the injury: grinder versus nongrinder. The characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the factors associated with the severity of injuries were investigated.Results: Among 8,697 ED visits, 4,603 patients had been using a grinder and 4,094 had been using a nongrinder tool. The most frequently injured body part while using a grinder was the hand (46.4%), followed by the head (23.0%). While using a nongrinder tool, the most frequently injured body part was also the hand (64.0%), followed by the lower leg (11.4%). The odds of a severe injury were affected by patient age (odds ratio [OR], 1.024; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.020–1.028) and using a grinder (OR, 2.073; 95% CI, 1.877–2.290). The odds of a severe injury using a grinder were higher in arm injuries (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.40–1.83) and multiple-part injuries (OR, 1.998; 95% CI, 1.639–2.437). The odds of a severe injury using a grinder were lower for head injuries (OR, 0.481; 95% CI, 0.297–0.781).Conclusions: Injuries from grinders were more likely to affect the head and neck than nongrinder injuries, despite the lower severity. The current lack of regulations on grinders in occupational safety and health standards warrants relevant legislation and the development of applicable safety equipment.
( Yeon Wook Kim ),( Minhee Jeon ),( Myung Jin Song ),( Byoung Soo Kwon ),( Sung Yoon Lim ),( Yeon Joo Lee ),( Jong Sun Park ),( Young-jae Cho ),( Ho Il Yoon ),( Kyung Won Lee ),( Jae Ho Lee ),( Choon- 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.0
Background Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is known to be effective for the detection of lung cancers localized in peripheral lung regions at a curable stage, limited data is available regarding the characteristics and outcomes of central lung cancers diagnosed in a screening cohort. This study aimed to determine whether LDCT screening could effectively detect central lung cancers at an early stage and offer survival benefits. Methods We analyzed 52,615 adults who underwent lung cancer screening with LDCT between May 2003 and Dec 2019 at a tertiary center in South Korea. Characteristics and outcomes of those diagnosed with lung cancer, stratified by screen-detection status and cancer location, were evaluated. Results A total of 352 individuals (281 screen-detected, 71 non-screen-detected) were diagnosed with lung cancer. Compared to screen-detected cancers, non-screen-detected cancers tended to be centrally-located (11.4% vs. 64.8%, p<0.001). Most nonscreen- detected central cancers (89.1%) had a negative result on prior LDCT screening. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that for peripheral cancers, screen-detection was associated with a significantly lower probability of diagnosis at an advanced stage (III/IV, odds ratio (OR)=0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.05-0.45) and mortality (hazard ratio (HR)=0.33, 95% CI=0.13-0.84); however, the association was insignificant for central cancers. For screen-detected cancers, central location, compared to peripheral location, was significantly associated with a higher risk of diagnosis at an advanced stage (OR=20.83, 95% CI=6.67-64.98) and mortality (HR=4.98, 95% CI=2.26-10.97). Conclusions Unlike for peripheral cancers, LDCT screening did not improve early detection and outcomes of central lung cancers, indicating an important limitation of LDCT screening and the need for developing novel modalities to screen and treat central lung cancer.
Sung, Pil Soo,Choi, Hee Baeg,Kim, Su-Yeon,Hong, Sung Woo,Park, Chung-Hwa,Song, Myeong Jun,Lee, Sung Won,Yoo, Chan Ran,Choi, Sang Wook,Han, Nam Ik,Kim, Tai-Gyu,Yoon, Seung Kew The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2011 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.26 No.11
<P>Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in innate immunity, especially in the response to viral infections, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV). Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are the primary receptors of NK cells that mediate innate immunity. KIRs are also involved in acquired immunity, because some KIRs are expressed on the surface of certain subsets of T cells. In this study, the frequency of KIR genes, <I>HLA-C</I> allotypes, and combinations of KIR genes with their <I>HLA-C</I> ligands were evaluated in two different groups of the Korean population: controls and patients with chronic HCV infection. The study population consisted of 147 Korean patients with chronic HCV infection. The frequency of KIR2DS2 in patients with chronic HCV infection was 9.5% which was significantly lower than 19.5% of the control (<I>P</I> < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in the frequency of other KIR genes, <I>HLA-C</I> allotypes or different combinations of KIR genes with their <I>HLA-C</I> ligands. This study can contribute to the further prospective study with a larger scale, suggesting the assumption that <I>KIR2DS2</I> might aid in HCV clearance by enhancing both the innate and acquired immune responses of people in Korea.</P>