신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교

김지양,김영선,김춘실,박현숙,신미영,윤연숙,조유숙,박미미,유문숙 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception (4.07±.44) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors (3.57±.37). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.

스포츠 전문기록원에 관한 교육 프로그램의 필요성

박장근,이원희,최연숙 명지대학교 예체능연구소 2001 藝體能論集 Vol.12 No.-

At the sametime Specialization of Sports recorder, Education program was developed and continued for maintain of specialization and expansion one. For this object, To acquire the following a conclusion 1. To be necessary a course of education for engaging sport recorder 2. A course of study of college to special study for sports recording and decomposition being established. 3. To be necessary development of recording paper for recording management. 4. To various analyze and To build database of recording of game must offer consistent information 5. Korea, for maintain a strong state of sports, Scientifically sports recording, Accurate database of recording, Training specialist, Systematic study. So Sport society and Gorvenment must support this one. Base of this conclusion, special education and management for sports recorder with obligation and duty, being foundation for scientifically and systematic expansion.

저장기간에 따른 오이김치의 비타민 C 및 클로로필 함량변화

박미란,이연정,고즈쿠에 노부유키,한재숙,최석현,허성미,한경필,최수근 한국식생활문화학회 2004 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

This study was carried out to examine the changes of pH, chlorophyll, chlorophyll patterns and ascorbic acid contents, and sensory evaluation in Oi-Kimchi by the different periods of storage. The contents of chlorophyll a and b were 52.2% and 14.44% at storage 0 days, 20.67% and 16.99% at storage 11 days, 0% at storage 14 days, and decreased with storage times increased. But, phephorbide a and b were increased with storage times increased until storage 11 days, and were 28.44% and 1.25% at storage 0 days, 42.63% and 15.79% at storage 11 days, 0% at storage 12, 14 days. The contents of ascorbic acid were increased until storage 4 days, but afterwards were decreased with storage times increased, and were 2.57㎎% at storage 0 days, 5.49㎎% and 2.95㎎% at storage 11 days, 0% at storage 14 days. Sensory evaluations of appearance, flavor, taste, texture, overall acceptability showed the highest at storage 8 days, and disliked after storage 10 days.

Apolipoprotein E 다형성에 따른 사업장 근로자의 혈중 지질농도, 영양소 섭취 및 건강관련 생활습관

박유경,조상운,강지연,백윤미,성숙희,최태인 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.13 No.5

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association among nutrient intakes and health-related lifestyles with cardiovascular disease risk assessed by blood lipid profile according to Apolipoprotein E genotypes. Middle-aged industrial male workers who had completed their annual medical examination were recruited and data of 675 subjects who finished the nutrient survey were used in the analysis. Anthropometric parameters, dietary assessment (FFQ), health-related lifestyles and blood profiles were used for statistical analyses. Apo E genotype groups were classified into the following three genotypes: Apo E2 group (including E2/E2, E2/E3, E2/E4), Apo E3 group (including E3/E3), Apo E4 group (including E3/E4, E4/E4). The frequency of Apo E2, E3, and E4 allele were 13.3%, 75.0% and 11.7% respectively. There were no significant differences in the anthropometric parameters depending on different Apo E genotypes. Also, no significant differences in the nutrient intakes were found according to the genotype groups. The nutrient intakes of all subjects were similar to or higher than the level of KDRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes For Koreans) except for intakes of calcium (67.44% of KDRIs), vitamin A (73.83% of KDRIs) and vitamin B2 (78.02% of KDRIs). Also, there were no significant differences of health-related lifestyles according to Apo E genotype groups. As for the lipid profiles, Apo E4 group had significantly higher total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations than the Apo E2 group (p < 0.05). We confirmed that plasma total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were greatly influenced by Apo E genotypes. However, nutrient intakes and health-related lifestyles were not associated with Apo E genotypes.

소양(Rumen-reticulum:Tripe)의 조리에 따른 영양성분 및 조직 질감(Texture)의 변화

이연숙,박정숙,박동연 서울大學校 農科大學 1987 서울대농학연구지 Vol.12 No.1

To estimate the nutritional values and the optimum cooking method of the Cow's rumenreticulum (tripe) which is a Korean traditional food, the nutrients and amino acid composition of raw tripe tissues, the changes in total nitrogen,α-amino N, calcium and phosphorus contents in soup stock prepared from tripe tissues, and the changes in texture of tripe tissues during boiling with saucepot or pressure cooker were measured. The results obtained are as follows: 1. No significant difference was observed in nutrients contents between 1st stomach (rumen) and 2nd stomach (reticulum) which contained 84% moisture, 0.4% ash, 2.4~3.1% fat, 12~14% protein, 40~50mg% cakcium, 77mg% phosphorus and 72~76mg% α-amino N on fresh weight basis. Total amino acid contents in tripe was 13% per 100g wet weight, which abundantly contained sulphur-containing amino acid. The chemical score was evaluated 71 in respect of valine as limiting amino acid. 2. When boiled for 2,4,8,12 and 24 hours, the nitrogen constituents(total N and α-amino N) in soup stock reached a plateau by hours whereas the mineral constituents (Ca and P) a plateau by 4 hours. When boiled for 24 hours, approximately 60% of total N, 340% of αamino N,60% of Ca and P were extracted from the tripe sample (2.08g total N,87.3mg α-amino N, 13.8mg Ca and 67.7mg P per 100g sample). The shear force of tripe tissue which was boiled for 4 hours showed the minium value of 17.5kg/20g sample and then gradually increased during boiling. 3. When cooked wkth presure cooker for 0.5,1,2,3 and 4 hours, the nitrogen constituents in soup stock reached a plateau by 2 hours whereas the minerals a plateau by 1 hour. When cooked for 4 hours, approximately 67% of total N, 470% of α-amino N, 60% of Ca and P were extracted from the tripe sample. The shear force of tripe tissue which was cooked for 1 hour showed the minium value of 17.9kg/20g sample and then gradually increased during cooking.

국내에서 발생하고 있는 사람 브루셀라증의 임상적 특성

김연숙,최영실,오원섭,권기태,이혁,이선희,손준성,김신우,장현하,정숙인,고관수,박미연,백경란,송재훈 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

배경 : 2002년 내국인에서의 첫 사람 브루셀라증의 증례 보고 이후 국내에서 사람 브루셀라증이 빠른 증가를 보이고 있다. 이에 연구자들은 국내에서 발생하는 브루셀라증의 임상적 특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 방법 : 2003년부터 2006년 7월까지 7개 대학병원에 내원한 환자들을 대상으로 WHO의 진단기준에 의하여 확진된 브루셀라증 환자들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사분석 하였다. 배양된 균은 삼성서울병원에 의뢰하여 16S rRNA 유전자 분석방법을 이용하여 종을 확인하였고, 표준시험관응집검사는 국립보건원에 의뢰하여 시행하였다. 결과 : 34예의 환자들이 브루셀라증으로 확진되었고, 31명이 남자였다. 혈액에서 B. abortus가 증명된 경우가 8예, 표준시험관 응집검사상 의미 있는 항체가 상승을 보인경우가 26예이었다. 환자들은 대부분 축산업관련 종사자였고, 추후 브루셀라증으로 확진된 소와의 직접 접촉을 통해 감염된 것으로 여겨진다. 국내 사람 브루셀라증의 가장 흔한 증상은 발열이었고, 위장관계 합병증이 가장 흔히 동반되었다. 치료로는 doxycycline/rifampicin이 24예의 환자에서 doxycycline/aminoglycoside (streptomycin 혹은 gentamicin)이 10예의 환자에서 6주 이상의 기간 동안 투여되었다. 치료에 반응을 보이지 않는 환자는 없었고, 재발이 1예 있었다. 결론 : 국내에서 발생하는 사람 브루셀라증의 원인균으로 현재까지 분리 동정된 것은 B. abortus이며, 소 브루셀라증의 증가로 인해 인체감염사례가 함께 증가하는 것으로 사료된다. 위험 직업군 종사자들에서 감염된 소와의 직접 접촉을 통해 주로 발생하고 있는 브루셀라증의 임상종상은 국외에서 발생하는 경우와 유사한 양상을 보이고 있으며 치료에 대한 반응은 비교적 좋은 편이긴 하나, 추후 보다 많은 환자들을 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다. 사람 브루셀라증의 조절을 위해서는 소 브루셀라증의 조절이 필수적이며, 브루셀라증의 조절에 성공한 선진국의 사례를 적극적으로 도입해야 할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Since the first Korean case of human brucellosis was reported in 2002, the incidence of human brucellosis has been rapidly increasing. We performed this study to evaluate the clinical characteristics of human brucellosis occurring in South Korea. Materials and Methods : Demographic features, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic outcomes of cases confirmed as brucellosis according to WHO diagnostic criteria were evaluated. Species of Brucella isolates were identified with 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Serologic diagnosis was performed with standard tube agglutination test (STA). Results : A total of 34 cases were enrolled from 2003 to 2006 in six hospitals. Eight cases were confirmed with the isolation of Brucella from blood and 26 cases were confirmed with titer of antibodies ≥1:160 by STA. Male (31) was predominant and most of the patients were cattle farmers. The most common transmission route was direct contact with infected or their cattle byproducts. Fever was the most prominent symptom and fatigue followed. Gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal systems were commonly complicated. Patients were treated with doxycycline and rifampin or aminoglycosides for more than 6 weeks. All patients responded well to the therapeutic regimens, but one patient relapsed 10 months after treatment. Conclusion : Brucellosis occurring in Korea has been caused by B. abortus, whose preferred natural host animals are cattle. Korean patients were infected through direct contact with bovine brucellosis. Clinical manifestations of brucellosis were similar to those occurring worldwide. Therapeutic outcomes were good among patients with brucellosis in Korea. In order to prevent human brucellosis, measures to eradicate bovine brucellosis should precede.

한국인 영양권장량의 산정 기준에 관한 고찰 : Comparative study of Korean recommended dietary allowances with Japanese dietary allowances and American recommended dietary allowance 일본인 영양소요량 및 미국인 영양권장량과의 비교 검토

이연숙,박동연 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.1

This paper is a comparison of Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) with Japanese Dietary Allowances and American RDA to investigate some bases for estimation of Korean RDA and to suggest what data are necessary for revision of Korean RDA. More precise data of nutrient requirements from physiological, environmental, and nutritional studies on Korean subjects are needed to establish Korean RDA. That is; mean values and data on the growth of body size in age group are fundamental to establish Korean reference body size. For establishing RDA for energy, changes of energy need for basal metabolism and physical activity and daily activity time allotments according to changes of korean living condition are fundamental. For establishing RDA for protein, obligatory nitrogen losses of an adult and efficiency of utilization of protein in Korean diet are needed. For vitamins, the data of the blood level, urinary excretion and related enzyme activity are significant. For minerals, minumum requirement of maintenance and availability of dietary minerals should be studied. More experimental data about growth factors; the changes of body composition and the storage of nutrients (especially protein and minerals) are fundamental for infants, children, and adolescences. For pregnant woman, the more accurate data of the nutrient requirements in change of physiological condition in a pregnant woman herself, weight gain of fetus and growth of organs according to fetal age, and body composition of fetus and fetal appendage are necessary. In lactating woman, daily milk production, composition of milk, and changes of these two being caused by lactating environment should be investigated. In environmental aspects, stress, climate, and safty level, etc. should be studied, too.

난소 및 난소 종양 염전의 초음파 소견

오연희,이현경,이원재,이성우,박수성,윤혜원,임문환,심재철,김용탁,김성숙,김정란 동국대학교 경주대학 1993 東國論集 Vol.12 No.-

Acute torsion of the ovary and ovarian mass is a recognized surgical emergency, but rarely has the diagnosis been made preoperatively on the basis of imaging studies. The sonographic findings in 14 cases of surgically proven torsion of the ovary and ovarian mass are described. Mostly cystic ovarian mass, engorged vessel, dilated uterine tube, beak-like echo(torsion site), smooth mass wall thickening an free-fluid collection in cul-de-sac are described. More significant in terms of specificity were the demonstration in 6 cases(42.9%) of the smooth mass wall thickening and in 8 cases(57.1%) of a free fluid in the cul-de-sac. We report the sonographic findings of ovary and ovarian mass torsion that may suggest the preoperative diagnosis of this condition.

항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증이 발생한 저위험군 발열 환자들을 대상으로 한 경구 항균제 요법의 임상적 유용성 및 안정성에 대한 연구

김연숙,이혁,기현균,김춘관,김신우,김성민,백경란,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,강원기,박찬형,박근칠,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1

목적 : 항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증을 동반한 발열이 발생하는 암환자들을 치료하기 위한 다양한 항균제와 여러 가지 방법들이 시도되고 있는 가운데, 합병증과 사망률의 발생가능성이 적은 저위험군 환자들을 대상으로 초기 72시간동안 정주 항균제를 투여한 이후 경구 항균제로 전환하는 요법의 유용성과 안정성을 평가해보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1998년 2월부터 1999년 9월까지 본원에서 항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증과 발열이 발생한 환자들 가운데 기저 암질환이 고형암이거나 림프종이고, 입원당시 패혈증의 증후가 없으며 입원 72시간이내에 해열되고 백혈구수치가 증가 추세인 환자들을 대상으로 하여 72시간 동안 정주 항균제를 투여한 이후 경우 ciprofloxacin 750㎎을 하루 2회씩 투여하여 총 4일간 투여하였다. 모든 환자들은 열이 떨어지고 호중구감소증이 회복될 때까지 입원하도록 하였다. 결과 : 총 38명 환자의 40예가 등록이 되었고, 환자들의 기저암 질환은 고형함이 72.5%, 림프종이 27.5%였다. 입원당시 평균 호중구치수는 156/㎕였고, 호중구수치가 100/㎕미만인 경우는 65%였으며, 호중구감소증이 지속된 기간의 평균은 2.4일이었다. 40예 중 39예가 항균제의 변형이나 추가 없이 호중구감소증과 발열로부터 회복이 되어 97.5%의 성공율(95% 신뢰구간: 86.8-99.9%)을 보였다. 부작용으로 피부발진이 있었던 경우가 한 예 있었는데, 증상이 경하여 경구 항균제를 지속할 수 있었다. 심와부의 동통으로 복용을 지속할 수 없어서 대상에서 제외된 예가 또 한 예 있었다. 결론 : 항암요법 중 호중구감소증과 발열을 동반한 환자들 가운데 저위험군 환자들에서 항균제 72시간정주 이후 경구 항균제로의 전환요법은 효과적이고도 안전한 치료방법이라고 할 수 있다. Background : Oral antibiotic therapy following empirical intravenous antibiotics may be effective and safe for febrile neutropenic patients with lowrisk for complications. Methods : We conducted a prospective clinical trial of oral antibiotic therapy in the patients with neutropenia and fever during chemotherapy for cancer. Underlying malignancies were solid tumor or lymphoma with short duration of neurtropenia and the patients had no evidence of clinically or microbiologically documented infections. Oral ciprofloxacin was given to the patients who lacked signs of sepsis on admission, had a rising tendency of neutrophil count (ANC >100 /㎕ ) at 72 hours, and were afebrile at 72 hours. All patients were hospitalized until neutropenia and fever resolved. Results : A total of 40 episodes of 38 patients were enrolled from February 1998 to September 1999. The mean neutrophil counts on admission were 156/㎕ and the mean duration of neutropenia was 2.4 days. The episodes which had neutrophil count below 100 /㎕ were 26 (65%). Treatment was successful in 39 of 40 episodes (97.5% : 95 % confidence interval, 86.8% to 99.9%). Adverse reactions of oral ciprofloxacin were skin rash and epigastric soreness in two cases, respectively. There were no deaths during the study. Conclusions : For low-risk febrile patients with neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy, switch therapy to oral ciprofloxacin at 72 hours following intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics is effective and safe,

정신분열증 음성증상에 대한 단기 토큰경제의 효과와 치료인자

안정숙,이연덕,방형석,박정은,신정호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.5

연구목적 : 정신분열증의 음성증상은 약물치료에 잘 반응하지 않은 채로 남아 재활을 어렵게 한다. 본 연구는 정신분열증환자의 음성증상을 개선시키는데 토큰경제치료(TET)가 효과가 있는 지를 조사하고, 종합병원의 정신과병동 여건에 맞는 TET 프로그램을 개발하고자 시행되었다. 연구방법 : 정신과병동에 입원치료중 음성증상이 주문제가 되어 삼개월 이하의 단기 TET를 받은 정신분열증환자 35사례를 대상으로, PANSS음성증상척도를 사용하여 TET의 효과를 조사하였다. 또한 목표행동의 각 수준별로 성공집단과 실패집단의 환자 변인과 프로그램 변인을 비교함으로써 치료인자를 규명하고자 하였다. 연구결과 : 1) 음성소척도 총점은 기저선 관찰기간의 31.57±4.32점에서 TET 종료시 20.66±4.63점으로 낮아졌다. TET종료시 음성소척도의 7개 증상 모두 감소하였으나 추상적 사고의 장애와 상동적 사고는 다른 5개 소척도 증상에 비해 상대적으로 덜 개선되었다. 또한 TET 기간 동안 항정신증약물의 용량은 487.58±372.79mg/day로부터 291.21±287.74mg/day로 감소하였다. 2) 자조기술 수준(Ⅰ)에 속한 항목들의 성공률은 75%, 병동활동 수준(Ⅱ)에서는 78%, 사회기술 및 작업 수준(Ⅲ)에서는 68%로서, 전체 목표행동에 대한 TET의 성공률은 74%였다. 3) 수준 Ⅱ의 성공집단은 실패집단보다 TET 종료시 항정신병약물의 투약용량이 유의하게 낮았으며, 수준 Ⅲ의 성공집단은 실패집단보다 입원경력이 유의하게 적었다(p<.05). 수준 Ⅰ에서는 간식신청, 면회, 가족외출 등이, 수준 Ⅱ에서는 면회가 강화물로 적용되었을 때 성공률이 유의하게 높았다. 결 론 : 이러한 결과는 TET가 정신분열증환자의 음성증상에 효과적인 치료법임을 보여준다. TET의 효율향상과 원할한 운용을 위해서는 개별화된 프로그램을 개발하려는 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것이다. Objective : The negative symptoms of schizophrenia usually are not responsive to drug therapy to persist and make schizophrenics more difficult in their rehabilitation. The authors investigated the therapeutic effect of token economy(TET) for negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients, and attempted to develop a TET program for psychiatric wards in general hospital. Methods : Negative subscale of PANSS was rated for 35 schizophrenics with negative symptoms as their main problems before and after short-term TET(less than 3 months). Therapeutic factors were identified by comparing patient and program variables between the achieved and the non-achieved group of each level of target behaviors. Results : 1) Subtotal of negative subscale of PANSS was decreased from 31.57±4.32 at baseline to 20.66±4.63 after treatment. With TET, symptoms of 'difficulty in abstract thinking' and 'stereotypic thinking' were less responsive than the other 5 items of the scale. Also the dose of antipsychotics prescribed was reduced to 291.21±287.74mg/day from 487.58±372.79mg/day. 2) The achievement rate of level Ⅰ(self-help) was 75%, level Ⅱ(ward-activity) 78%, and level Ⅲ(social activity/occupation) 68%, resulting in average 74% for all target behaviors. 3) On level Ⅱ, dose of antipsychotics was lower, and on level Ⅲ, number of admission was fewer and female sex was more frequent in achieving patient group than nonachieving group. The rate of achievement was higher in case of special food, reception, and outing with family applied as a reinforcer on level Ⅰ, and reception on level Ⅱ. Conclusion : These results showed that TET was effective for schizophrenic patients with negative symptoms in psychiatric ward. Further investigations to refine the individual program of TET will be needed for enhancement of it's therapeutic efficacy and smart application of it.