최근 제주도 도심과 배경지점에서의 CO2 농도 변화 및 복사강제력 영향 연구

이수정 ( Soo-jeong Lee ),송상근 ( Sang-keun Song ),박연희 ( Yeon-hee Park ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.7

The spatial and temporal variations of CO2 concentrations and radiative forcing (RF) due to CO2 were examined at urban center (Yeon-dong) during 2010-2015 and background sites (Gosan) during 2010-2014 on Jeju Island. The RF at the two sites was estimated based on a simplified expression for calculating RF for the study period. Overall, annual mean CO2 concentrations at the Yeon-dong and Gosan sites have gradually increased, and the concentrations were higher at Yeon-dong (401-422 ppm) than at Gosan (398-404 ppm). The maximum CO2 concentrations at the two sites were observed in winter or spring, followed by fall and summer, with higher concentrations at Yeon-dong. The RF at Yeon-dong (annual mean of up to 0.70 W/m2 in 2015) was higher than that at Gosan (up to 0.46 W/m2 in 2014), possibly because of higher CO2 concentrations at Yeon-dong resulting from population growth and human activities (e.g., fossil fuel combustion). The highest monthly mean RFs at Yeon-dong (approximately 0.92 W/m2) and Gosan (0.52 W/m2) were observed in spring 2015 (Yeon-dong) and spring 2013 (Gosan), whereas the lowest RFs (0.17 and 0.31 W/m2, respectively) in fall 2011 (Yeon-dong) and summer in 2012 (Gosan).

연구논문 : 제주지역 미세먼지의 장기변동 및 농도변화에 관한 국지기상 분석

박연희 ( Yeon Hee Park ),송상근 ( Sang Keun Song ),이수정 ( Soo Jeong Lee ),김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ),한승범 ( Seung Bum Han ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Long-term variations of PM_{10} and the characteristics of local meteorology related to its concentration changes were analyzed at 4 air quality sites (Ido-dong, Yeon-dong, Donghong-dong, and Gosan) in Jeju during two different periods, such as PI (2001-2006) and PII (2007-2013), over a 13-year period. Overall, the long-term trend of PM_{10} was very slightly downward during the whole study period, while the high PM_{10} concentrations in PII were observed more frequently than those in PI. The concentration variations of PM_{10} during the study period was clarified in correlation between PM_{10} and meteorological variables, e.g. the low (high) PM_{10} concentration with large (small) precipitation or high (low) radiation and in part high PM_{10} concentrations (especially, Donghong-dong and Gosan) with strong wind speed and the westerly/northwesterly winds. This was likely to be caused by the transport effect (from the polluted regions of China) rather than the contribution of local emission sources. The PM_{10} concentrations in “Asian dust” and “Haze” weather types were higher, whereas those in “Precipitation”, “Fog”, and “Thunder and Lighting” weather types were lower. The contribution of long-range transport to the observed PM_{10} levels in the urban center (Ido-dong, Yeon-dong, and Donghong-dong), if estimated by comparison to the data of the background site (Gosan), was found to explain about 80% (on average) of its input.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Zn과 Cd의 처리가 GA와 Uniconazole 전처리된 메리골드 'Orange Boy'의 생육과 무기물 흡수에 미치는 영향

정성우,정연옥,허무룡,박중춘 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.4

메리골드(Tagetes patula L. 'Orange Boy')를 통해 오염지 식생복원과 동시에 양호한 식생경관 조성재료로서의 가능성을 알아보기 위해 본 실험을 수행하였다. 메리골드 'Orange Boy'에 있어서 Zn과 Cd 100+20㎎·L^-1 처리구에서는 GA_3 와 uniconazole은 생체량 및 Zn과 Cd의 축적에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 생장조절제 무처리구의 Zn과 Cd의 200+40㎎·L^-1 처리구에서 대조구의 20%로 건물량이 감소하였다. Zn과 Cd의 농도별 혼용처리에 따른 체내 무기성분 T-N, P, K, Ca, Mg함량은 뚜렷한 경향이 없었고, Zn의 축적은 뿌리와 잎에서 각각 1,227 및 903㎎·㎏^-1, Cd의 경우 줄기와 잎에서 각각 89.7 및 77.4㎎·kg^-1의 최대의 농도를 보였다. The use of plant-based systems to remediate contaminated soils has become an area of intense scientific study in recent years and it is apparent that plants which grow well in contaminated soils need to be identified and screened for use in phytoremediation technologies. This study was conducted to determine the effects of various combinations of Zn and Cd on growth and mineral concentrations of Tagetes patula L. 'Orange Boy'. With 100㎎·L^-1 Zn + 20㎎·L^-1 Cd, GA_3 and Uniconazole did not increase the plant biomass, and accumulation of Zn and Cd Total dry weight with 200㎎·L^-1 Zn and 40㎎·L^-1 Cd was 20% that of control. There was no significant to T-N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents in leaf, stem, and root. The Zn contents of root and leaf were 1,227 and 903 ㎎·kg^-1, respectively. While the Cd was accumulated different site compared to Zn, the highest accumulation place were stem (74.4 ㎎·kg^-1) and leaf (89.7 ㎎·kg^-1).

특수용 폴리머 콘크리트의 개발 및 역학적 특성

연규석,성찬용,민정기 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1997 석재연 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

폴리머 콘크리트는 보통 시멘트 콘크리트보다 접착성, 방수성, 내구성 등이 우수하고 경화속도가 빠르며, 압축강도 및 휨강도가 월등히 큰 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구는 충전제와 폴리머를 이용한 투수용 폴리머 콘크리트를 개발하여 이의 역학적 특성을 구명하기 위하여 실시되었으며, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 단위중량은 보통 시멘트 콘크리트에 비하여 작게 나타난 반면, 각 강도는 일부 배합비를 제외하고는 모두 크게 나타났으며, 정탄성계수가 작아서 변형이 크게 일어난다는 것을 알 수 있었고, 투수시험 결과 시간당 투수량이 최고 8.88ℓ/cm²/h로 나타나 투수성능이 양호하게 나타났을 뿐만 아니라, 이를 이용하여 제작된 투수관도 투수성능을 포함한 외압 강도도 크게 나타나, 기존의 투수관 보다 성능이 상당히 양호하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 투수용 폴리머 콘크리트는 농업분야는 물론 각종 건설분야에서 주택단지, 공장 등의 하수 및 오수관, 도로 등의 지하 배수관, 폐수처리용 오수관은 물론 농업용수 배수 및 송수관, 축산시설, 농업시설의 하수관 및 오수관, 농지배수용, 간척지 제염용 등 여러 분야에 이용 가능할 것으로 예상된다. The use of polymer concrete as on alternative to cement concrete products has been increasing because of its superior mechanical properties, chemical resistance, durability, strong adhesion and rapid curing, it is possible to reduce cross section of structure and unit weight of products when the polymer concrete is used in place of conventional materials. this study was performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of permeable polymer concrete using fillers and unsaturated polyester resin. In consequence of this study, the permeable polymer concrete was expected to show excellent performance and external pressure of the pipes made of permeable polymer concrete was more than that of normal poltland cement concrete. Therefore, permeable polymer concrete can be applied to roads, sidewalks, river embankment, drain pipes, conduits, retaining walls, yards, parking lots, plazas and interlocking blocks, etc.

중국유가철학에 있어서의 이성과 욕망의 관계 연구

정상봉,황갑연,전병술,안재호 한국철학사상연구회 2003 시대와 철학 Vol.14 No.2

중국유가철학에서는 공자가 극기복례를 말한 이래 맹자의 과욕론을 제기하면서 욕망의 절제를 강조하였다. 그 근거로는 사람을 도덕이성의 담지자로 규정한 것을 들 수 가 있다. 사람이 살아가면서 욕망을 추구하는 것은 자연스러운 일이다. 욕망을 대표하는 것으로는 식욕ㆍ성욕ㆍ물질적 이익 추구 등이 있지만 욕망의 추구가 도덕이성의 기준, 즉 도리에 합당하지 않다면 욕망을 절제해야 한다는 것이 송대까지의 기본적인 관점이었다. 천리를 보존하고 인욕을 없애야 한다는 신유학의 구호도 사실 공과 사의 기준에 입각하여 주장된 것이다. 그러나 명대에 이후 사회구조에 변화가 생기면서 몸[身]과 욕망[欲]을 중시하는 태주학파가 등장하였고 청대의 왕부지는 욕망 긍정을 주장하게 까지 되었다. 이것은 도덕이성과 욕망의 이분법적 대립구조의 해체를 반영하고 있으며 근대 문화의 초석을 깔았다고 평가할 수 있다. In Chinese Confucianism, Kongzi laid emphasis on Ke-ji-fu-li(克己復禮), and Mengzi insisted upon the theory of unselfishness. It is on the assumption that man has a moral reason innately. As long as we live, it is natural that we pursue our desires, e.g. desire to eatㆍsexual desireㆍthe pursuit of material benefits etc. But if the pursuit of desires didn't appropriate to the standard of moral reason, it needs to control our desires. This is a basic viewpoint till Song Dynasty. The slogan of Neo-Confucianism, "Cun-tienliㆍQu-renyu(存天理ㆍ去人欲)" was based upon the public and private affairs. After Ming Dynasty, as the structure of society has been changed, the school of Taizhou stressed on body and desire. Wang Fu-Zi in Cheng Dynasty affirmed the importance of desires. It represented the destruction of dichotomy between moral reason and desire, and laid the foundation of modern culture.

개인의 능력수준이 직무성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 실제 인사고과 자료분석을 통해

정연앙,손일상 中央大學校經營硏究所 2002 經營學論集 Vol.28 No.2

백서 Paraquat 두여에 의한 간과 폐 조직의 산화성 손상에서 Vitamin C와 Deferoxamine의 항산화 효과에 관한 연구

정연권,서길준,정중식,정성은,최국진,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Background: The toxicity of paraquat has been known to be caused by oxygen free radicals which leads to the lipid peroxidation and multiple organ failure. Although vitamin C has been known to be a potent antioxidant, recently there are numerous data which have shown that a low dose of vitamin C may act as a prooxidant due to the stimulation of the Fenton reaction with metal ions, which produces hydroxyl radicals. It has been reported that a deferoxamine in paraquat intoxication could reduce the production of the hydroxyl radicals by the inhibition of the Fenton reaction through the reduction of iron ion in tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the high and low dose of vitamin C and deferoxamine on lipid peroxidation and plasma TNF-α in paraquat intoxication. Methods: Female Sprague -Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: control group which was not given paraquat(20 mg/kg), P group which was given paraquat only, PVH group given paraquat and high dose of vitamin C(100 mg/kg), PVL group given paraquat and low dose of vitamin C(10 mg/kg), PVHD given paraquat, high dose of vitamine C and deferoxamine(100 mg/kg), PVLD given paraquat, low dose of vitamin C and deferoxamine, and PD given paraquat and deferoxamine. Animals were killed at 6 and 24 hours after treatment. Malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione(GSH) contents, catalase activity, plasma TNF-α, and histologic changes in the lung and liver tissue were measured. Results: The lung histology in the PVH and PD or PVHD groups showed the significant decreases in the alveolar edema and interstitial thickness compared to the P group. The liver histololgy in the PVH and PVHD groups demonstrated marked differences in the central venous and sinusoidal dilatation compared to that of the P group. While the MDA levels of the lung and liver in the PVH and PD groups showed the significant reduction compared to that of the P group at 6 hours after treatment, all groups showed the significant changes compared to the P group at 24 hours. There was no significant change of the SOD levels of the lung and liver at 6 hours among all groups. At 24 hours, the SOD levels of the lung in PVH, PVL, and PVHD groups showed the significant increases compared to the P group. The increase of the SOD level in groups combined with deferoxamine, however, revealed a little reduction. The SOD level of the liver in PVH group only significantly increased compared to the P group at 24 hours. There was no significant change of the GSH level of the lung and liver among all groups at 6 hours. At 24 hours, the GSH level of the lung and liver were significantly increased in both PVH and PD group and PVH group, respectively, compared to the P group. Although the catalase activity of the lung was not significantly increased, that of liver was signiflcantly increased in both PVHD and PD groups compared to the P group at 6 hours. The catalase activities of the lung and liver were significantly increased in PVH, PD, and PVHD at 24 hours. The concentrations of the plasma TNF-α were slightly decreased at 6 hours and slightly increased at 24 hours compared to that of the P group, but they were not significant. Conclusion: This study showed that although the low dose of vitamin C had no effect, the high dose of vitamin C revealed a decrease of the MDA level and an increase of SOD, GSH, and catalase activity in the lung and liver tissues, and the effect of the high dose of vitamin C increased with time. The administration of the deferoxamine with or without high dose of vitamin C, however, significantly showed the inhibition of the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant effect and low dose vitamin C decreased the effect of deferoxamine. The effects of the vitamin C and deferoxamine on plasma TNP-α were not clearly shown.

주변성 거대세포 육아종의 증례보고

정연화,조봉혜,나경수,김성수 大韓口腔顎顔面放射線學會 1997 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.27 No.2

The authors experienced one case of peripheral giant cell granuloma occurred at the gingiva of right maxillary molar in a 12-year-old male patient. The lesion showed amorphous calcification within soft tissue mass which made difficult to differentiate this lesion from peripheral ossifying fibroma and peripheral odontogenic fibroma clinically and radiographically. The final diagnosis was made histologically.

Periotron을 이용한 소아 치은 상태의 평가

신정근,백병주,김재곤,양연미,김성희 대한소아치과학회 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.3