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Sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis in Korean men with COPD based on KNHANES 2008-2011
( Ji An Hwang ),( Kyung Soo Jung ),( Joo Han Song ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Young Seok Lee ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Ji Ye Jun 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.120 No.-
Backgrounds: Sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis are known to be systemic features associated with COPD. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis and the relationship between those in Korean men with COPD. Methods: Data on a total of 4586 male participants who underwent pulmonary function test and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were extracted from KNHANES between 2008 and 2011. The associations between clinical factors including lung function, BMD and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI: indicator for sarcopenia) were analyzed. Results: Prevalence of sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis was higher in the 864 males with COPD than in participants with normal lung function (sarcopenia: 4.7% vs 1.8%, osteopenia/osteoporosis: 50.2%/6.5% vs 35.5%/2.9%; all P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with sarcopenia or osteoporosis increased significantly as GOLD stage progressed from stage II to III/IV (sarcopenia: 4.5% vs 21.8%; P < 0.001, osteoporosis: 5.4% vs 16.4%; P=0.006), while the change of osteopenia was not significant between the stages. Sarcopenic COPD patients had osteopenia/osteoporosis more frequently than those without [37/41 (90.2%) vs 453/823 (55.0%); P < 0.001]. ASMI was one of the independent predictors for osteopenia/osteoporosis in patients with COPD (HR 0.449; 95% CI 0.329-0.612; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis were more prevalent in Korean men with COPD than those with normal lung function, and sarcopenia was closely correlated with osteopenia/osteoporosis.
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Grapefruit Seed Extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
( Ye Ji Song ),( Hwan Hee Yu ),( Yeon Jin Kim ),( Na-kyoung Lee ),( Hyun-dong Paik ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.8
Grapefruit seed extract (GSE) is a safe and effective preservative that is used widely in the food industry. However, there are few studies addressing the anti-biofilm effect of GSE. In this study, the anti-biofilm effect of GSE was investigated against biofilm-forming strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The GSE minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. aureus and E. coli were 25 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml, respectively. To investigate biofilm inhibition and degradation effect, crystal violet assay and stainless steel were used. Biofilm formation rates of four strains (S. aureus 7, S. aureus 8, E. coli ATCC 25922, and E. coli O157:H4 FRIK 125) were 55.8%, 70.2%, 55.4%, and 20.6% at 1/2 × MIC of GSE, respectively. The degradation effect of GSE on biofilms attached to stainless steel coupons was observed (≥ 1 log CFU/coupon) after exposure to concentrations above the MIC for all strains and 1/2 × MIC for S. aureus 7. In addition, the specific mechanisms of this anti-biofilm effect were investigated by evaluating hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, exopolysaccharide (EPS) production rate, and motility. Significant changes in EPS production rate and motility were observed in both S. aureus and E. coli in the presence of GSE, while changes in hydrophobicity were observed only in E. coli. No relationship was seen between auto-aggregation and biofilm formation. Therefore, our results suggest that GSE might be used as an anti-biofilm agent that is effective against S. aureus and E. coli.
S-374 The Predictors of Survival of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Non-HIV Patients
( Ji Soo Choi ),( Myung Jin Song ),( Bo Ra Yoon ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Joo Han Song ),( Kyung Soo Chung ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Se Kyu K 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV patients is more fatal than HIV patients, and typically present with an abrupt onset of respiratory insufficiency. To aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and predictors of mortality in PCP in Non-HIV critically ill patients with respiratory failure. Method: This retrospective study enrolled 81 non-HIV patients who were diagnosed and treated PCP with respiratory failure requiring the medical intensive care unit (ICU) management from January, 1, 2013 to December, 12, 2015. The patients were diagnosed through positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR, nested PCR to detection of 260bp, Thermalcycler S1000 (BIO-RAD, USA)) and typical clinical symptoms and radiological findings. PCP PCR was followed up weekly for check the negative conversion. Results: The ICU overall survival rate of PCP was 35.8% (29/81). Seventy-four patients (91.3%) required mechanical ventilation, and six patients (7.4%) required high-flow nasal oxygen treatment. In total, PCP PCR negative conversion rate is 70.5% (55/81) with a median duration of 10 (7.00-14.00) days. In univariate analysis, APACHE II score (p<0.001), renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy (p=0.04), PCP PCR negative conversion (p=0.003), and PaO2/FiO2 ratio within initial 24 hours (p<0.001) were related to mortality of PCP patients. In multivariate analysis, PCP PCR negative conversion (adjusted OR 7.424; 95% CI 1.957-28.160, p=0.003) and PaO2/FiO2 ratio within initial 24 hours (adjusted OR 0.987; 95% CI 0.979-0.996, p=0.003) were associated with prognosis of PCP in non-HIV patients with respiratory failure. Conclusions: PCP PCR negative conversion and PaO2/FiO2 ratio within initial 24 hours are prognostic factor of severe PCP in non-HIV patients with respiratory failure. Furthermore, following up PCP PCR negative conversion or not may be predictive factor to failure of initial anti-pneumocystic medication. In conclusion, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are significant to manage with PCP in non-HIV patients.
Pyruvate Kinase M2 : A Novel Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury
Ji Hyun Cheon,Sun Young Kim,Ji Yeon Son,Ye Rim Kang,Ji Hye An,Ji Hoon Kwon,Ho Sub Song,Aree Moon,Byung Mu Lee,Hyung Sik Kim 한국독성학회 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.1
The identification of biomarkers for the early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) is clinically important Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is closely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Conventional biomarkers, such as serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), are frequently used to diagnose AKI. However, these biomarkers increase only after significant structural damage has occurred. Recent efforts have focused on identification and validation of new noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of AKI, prior to extensive structural damage. Furthermore, AKI biomarkers can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of this complex and heterogeneous disease. Our previous study suggested that pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which is excreted in the urine, is a sensitive biomarker for nephrotoxicity. To appropriately and optimally utilize PKM2 as a biomarker for AKI requires its complete characterization. This review highlights the major studies that have addressed the diagnostic and prognostic predictive power of biomarkers for AKI and assesses the potential usage of PKM2 as an early biomarker for AKI. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the role of biomarkers and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AKI. This review will elucidate the biological basis of specific biomarkers that will contribute to improving the early detection and diagnosis of AKI.
0.18 μm CMOS 공정을 이용한 실리콘 뉴런 회로 설계
한예지(Ye-Ji Han),지성현(Sung-Hyun Ji),양희성(Hee-Sung Yang),이수현(Soo-Hyun Lee),송한정(Han-Jung Song) 한국지능시스템학회 2014 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.24 No.5
생물학적 신경 세포의 모델링을 위한 펄스타입 실리콘 뉴런 회로를 0.18 μm CMOS 공정을 이용하여 반도체 집적회로로 설계하였다. 제안하는 뉴런 회로는 입력 전류신호를 위한 커패시터 입력단과, 출력 전압신호 생성을 위한 증폭단 및 펄스신호 초기화를 위한 MOS 스위치로 구성된다. 전압신호 입력을 전류신호 출력으로 변환하는 기능의 시냅스 회로는 몇 개의 PMOS와 NMOS 트렌지스터로 이루어지는 범프회로를 사용한다. 제안하는 뉴런 모델의 검증을 위하여, 2개의 뉴런과 시냅스가 직렬연결된 뉴런체인을 구성하여 SPICE 모의실험을 실시하였다. 모의실험 결과, 뉴런신호의 생성과 시냅스 전달특성의 정상적인 동작을 확인하였다. Using 0.18 μm CMOS process silicon neuron circuit of the pulse type for modeling biological neurons, were designed in the semiconductor integrated circuit. Neuron circuiSt providing is formed by MOS switch for initializing the input terminal of the capacitor to the input current signal, a pulse signal and an amplifier stage for generating an output voltage signal. Synapse circuit that can convert the current signal output of the input voltage signal, using a bump circuit consisting of NMOS transistors and PMOS few. Configure a chain of neurons for verification of the neuron model that provides synaptic neurons and two are connected in series, were performed SPICE simulation. Result of simulation, it was confirmed the normal operation of the synaptic transmission characteristics of the signal generation of nerve cells.
( Myungjin Song ),( Jisoo Choi ),( Bora Yoon ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Joo Han Song ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Moo Suk Park ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Purpose:?The aims of this study were to assess frequency of stress induced cardiomyopathy (SCMP) and predictors for incidence of SCMP in patients who admitted to medical ICU. We also explored the predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with SCMP.?Method:?It is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 338 patients admitted to medical ICU and underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) between January 2015 and December 2015 were enrolled. Definition of SCMP was defines as follows: 1) transient hypokinesis, akinesis of the left ventricular mid segments with or without apical involvement or the regional wall motion abnormalities extend beyond a single epicardial vascular distribution; 2) absence of obstructive coronary disease; 3) new EKG abnormalities or modest elevation in cardiac troponin; 4) absence of pheochromocytoma, myocarditis. Logistic regression model was used to analysis predictors for incidence of SCMP and predictors of in-hospital mortality in SCMP respectively. Cox regression model was used to analysis the influence of SCMP to mortality.?Results:?Of the 338 patients, SCMP was observed in 42 patients (12.4%). Compared to 296 patients without SCMP, patients with SCMP had lower frequency of DM (19% vs 29.2%, p=0.01), COPD (4.8% vs 16.9%, p=0.04) and higher prevalence of using mechanical ventilator (MV, 90.5% vs 71.9%, p=0.03), and lower ejection fraction (EF, 38.0±15.6 vs 61.7±11.8, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, lower BMI (odd ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.99; p=0.04) and lower EF (odd ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.92; p<0.01) were associated with development of SCMP. In a Cox regression model adjusted with several confounders (age, DM, malignancy, liver cirrhosis, shock, acute kidney injury, use of MV) SCMP showed trend to increase of 60-day mortality (p=0.052). Among 42 patients with SCMP, acute kidney injury(AKI) was the only risk factor for predicting in-hospital mortality (odd ratio, 8.19; 95% CI, 1.35 to 47.75; p=0.02).?Conclusions:?Our study showed that prevalence of SCMP was 12.4% and trend to increase of 60-day mortality of critically ill patients. In patients with SCMP, AKI was the only risk factor for predicting in-hospital mortality.
Pyruvate Kinase M2: A Novel Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury
Cheon, Ji Hyun,Kim, Sun Young,Son, Ji Yeon,Kang, Ye Rim,An, Ji Hye,Kwon, Ji Hoon,Song, Ho Sub,Moon, Aree,Lee, Byung Mu,Kim, Hyung Sik Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.1
The identification of biomarkers for the early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) is clinically important. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is closely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Conventional biomarkers, such as serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), are frequently used to diagnose AKI. However, these biomarkers increase only after significant structural damage has occurred. Recent efforts have focused on identification and validation of new noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of AKI, prior to extensive structural damage. Furthermore, AKI biomarkers can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of this complex and heterogeneous disease. Our previous study suggested that pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which is excreted in the urine, is a sensitive biomarker for nephrotoxicity. To appropriately and optimally utilize PKM2 as a biomarker for AKI requires its complete characterization. This review highlights the major studies that have addressed the diagnostic and prognostic predictive power of biomarkers for AKI and assesses the potential usage of PKM2 as an early biomarker for AKI. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the role of biomarkers and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AKI. This review will elucidate the biological basis of specific biomarkers that will contribute to improving the early detection and diagnosis of AKI.