Intragranular and Intergranular Crack Propagation in Nanocrystalline Ni Under Single-Cycle Mode I Loading

Yan Feng,Jie Li,Xinhua Yang 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

As the first step to study the fatigue crack propagation, the molecular simulations were performed to investigate theopening, propagation and closure behaviors of intragranular and intergranular cracks in nanocrystalline Ni under single-cyclemode I loading. The atomic crack angle was proposed to characterize the crack-tip blunting and sharpening quantitatively. There are obvious different mechanisms between intragranular and intergranular crack propagation. Intragranular crack propagationcould be induced by stacking faults and can change its direction very easily, but the intergranular crack perpendicularto the loading direction would propagate along the grain boundary and encounter strong resistance at the triple junction. New cracks could form in the grain boundaries ahead of the original crack. Different from the traditional understanding forintragranular and intergranular cracks, however, the dislocation density increases even in the unloading process and the cracktip is possibly sharpened temporarily during loading.

Identification and characterization of heat shock proteins in a parasitic wasp Chouioia cuneae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Li‐Na Pan,Feng-ZhuWANG,Xin-Yue ZHANG,Yan-Ni ZHAO,Geng-Ping ZHU,Min LI 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.3

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to be induced in response to various stress factors. Although HSPs have been studied in a number of insects, not much is known about HSPs in the natural enemies of insects, especially parasitoids. In this study, we identified and characterized five full‐length HSP genes (Cchsp40, Cchsp60, Cchsp70, Cchsp83, and Cchsp90) from an endoparasitic chalcid wasp, Chouioia cunea, which parasitizes the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea pupae, a worldwide pest. The expression of Cchsps in response to temperature, pesticide stresses and UV radiation were also investigated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). The results showed that all five Cchsps were induced in response to hot and cold temperatures. Four pesticides induced the abundant expression of Cchsp70, Cchsp83 and Cchsp90 while ultraviolet radiation up‐regulated Cchsp40, Cchsp70, Cchsp83 and Cchsp90. These results indicate the different transcriptional profiles of the five different Cchsps in response to various abiotic stresses. The findings of this study provide insights into the response of C. cunea to abiotic stresses and insight into the use of this parasitoid in biological control strategies.

Improved lithium storage performance of CeO2-decorated SrLi2Ti6O14 material as an anode for Li-ion battery

Ying Li,Hong-Yan Liu,Ling-Na Shi,Yan-Rong Zhu,Ting-Feng Yi 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.101 No.-

In this work, the CeO2-decorated SrLi2Ti6O14 anode was successfully prepared through a solid-state process. The space-charge effect induced by the internal adsorption of ions on the CeO2 surface can easilyresult in a formation of an excellent conductive interfacial layer between CeO2 and SrLi2Ti6O14. The goodelectrical contact between CeO2 and SrLi2Ti6O14 offers more active sites for the electrolyte storage andredox reaction, and promotes the intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions, and thus improves therate performance and cycle stability. Due to its unique structure and composition, the CeO2-decoratedSrLi2Ti6O14 composites exhibit high reversible capacities, good cycle performance and outstanding rateperformance. Especially, the CeO2 (5 wt%)-decorated SrLi2Ti6O14 anode shows the most excellent electrochemicalperformance, which delivers a large charge capacity of 121.3 mAh g 1 and a capacity retentionof 94.48% after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g 1. However, the corresponding charge capacity and capacity retentionof pristine SrLi2Ti6O14 are 100.5 mAh g 1 and 86.77%, respectively. The CeO2(5 wt%)-decoratedSrLi2Ti6O14 with enhanced rate capacity, cycle stability and structural stability is a potential electrodematerial candidate for Li-ion battery.

Preparation of lithium-doped NaV6O15 thin film cathodes with high cycling performance in SIBs

Xu Hai-Yan,Ruan Jun Hai,Liu Fang Lin,Li Dong-Cai,Zhang Feng-Jun,Wang Ai-Guo,Sun Dao-Sheng,오원춘 한국세라믹학회 2022 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.59 No.3

Lithium ions-doped NaV6O15 thin films have been prepared using a simple low temperature liquid phase deposition method and subsequent annealing process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning elec- tron microscopy (SEM), and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been used to study the structural and physicochemical characteristics of the NaV6O15 film. The films were grown on the FTO conductive glass and used directly as an electrode of sodium ion batteries. The prepared lithium ions-doped NaV6O15 thin film electrodes showed an excellent cycling stability and discharge capacity, which may be attributed to the stability of the Li+ embedded into the gap between the V–O layers to maintain the structure and its stable β-phase structure transformed after the first cycle. The cycling stability greatly improved with increasing annealing temperature, while the discharge capacity decreased. The capacities of the film electrodes annealed at 400 °C and 450 °C maintained above 97% after 100 cycles. The lithium-doped NaV6O15 underwent a phase transition dur- ing the first charge/discharge cycle. The new transformed phase has perfect crystal structure stability undergoing insertion and deinsertion of Na+. Therefore, the lithium-doped NaV6O15 thin film possesses good cycling stability and is expected to be a promising thin film cathode for sodium-ion batteries.

Colorectal Cancer Concealment Predicts a Poor Survival: A Retrospective Study

Li, Xiao-Pan,Xie, Zhen-Yu,Fu, Yi-Fei,Yang, Chen,Hao, Li-Peng,Yang, Li-Ming,Zhang, Mei-Yu,Li, Xiao-Li,Feng, Li-Li,Yan, Bei,Sun, Qiao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Objectives: Understanding the situation of cancer awareness which doctors give to patients might lead to prognostic prediction in cases of of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Subsets of 10,779 CRC patients were used to screen the risk factors from the Cancer Registry in Pudong New Area in cancer awareness, age, TNM stage, and gender. Survival of the patients was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and assessed by Cox regression analysis. The views of cancer awareness in doctors and patients were surveyed by telephone or household. Results: After a median observation time of 1,616 days (ranging from 0 to 4,083 days) of 10,779 available patients, 2,596 of the 4,561 patients with cancer awareness survived, whereas 2,258 of the 5,469 patients without cancer awareness and 406 of the 749 patients without information on cancer awareness died of the disease. All-cause and cancer-specific survival were poorer for the patients without cancer awareness than those with (P < 0.001 for each, log-rank test). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that cancer concealment cases had significantly lower cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.299; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.200-1.407)and all-cause survival (HR = 1.324; 95 % CI: 1.227-1.428). Furthermore, attitudes of cancer awareness between doctors and patients were significantly different (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Cancer concealment, not only late-stage tumor and age, is associated with a poor survival of CRC patients.

SPON2 Promotes M1-like Macrophage Recruitment and Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Distinct Integrin–Rho GTPase–Hippo Pathways

Zhang, Yan-Li,Li, Qing,Yang, Xiao-Mei,Fang, Fang,Li, Jun,Wang, Ya-Hui,Yang, Qin,Zhu, Lei,Nie, Hui-Zhen,Zhang, Xue-Li,Feng, Ming-Xuan,Jiang, Shu-Heng,Tian, Guang-Ang,Hu, Li-Peng,Lee, Ho-Young,Lee, Su-J American Association for Cancer Research 2018 Cancer research Vol.78 No.9

<P>Matricellular protein SPON2 acts as an HCC suppressor and utilizes distinct signaling events to perform dual functions in HCC microenvironment.</P><P>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent key regulators of the complex interplay between cancer and the immune microenvironment. Matricellular protein SPON2 is essential for recruiting lymphocytes and initiating immune responses. Recent studies have shown that SPON2 has complicated roles in cell migration and tumor progression. Here we report that, in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), SPON2 not only promotes infiltration of M1-like macrophages but also inhibits tumor metastasis. SPON2-α4β1 integrin signaling activated RhoA and Rac1, increased F-actin reorganization, and promoted M1-like macrophage recruitment. F-Actin accumulation also activated the Hippo pathway by suppressing LATS1 phosphorylation, promoting YAP nuclear translocation, and initiating downstream gene expression. However, SPON2-α5β1 integrin signaling inactivated RhoA and prevented F-actin assembly, thereby inhibiting HCC cell migration; the Hippo pathway was not noticeably involved in SPON2-mediated HCC cell migration. In HCC patients, SPON2 levels correlated positively with prognosis. Overall, our findings provide evidence that SPON2 is a critical factor in mediating the immune response against tumor cell growth and migration in HCC.</P><P><B>Significance:</B> Matricellular protein SPON2 acts as an HCC suppressor and utilizes distinct signaling events to perform dual functions in HCC microenvironment.</P><P><B>Graphical Abstract:</B> http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/9/2305/F1.large.jpg. <I>Cancer Res; 78(9); 2305–17. ©2018 AACR</I>.</P><P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P><P> [Figure]</P>

남부 지역에서 파종간격에 따른 이탈리안 라이그라스(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) ‘그린콜’ 품종의 종자 및 짚 생산성 비교

Li Yan Feng 한국초지조사료학회 2022 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.42 No.2

This experiment was conducted to investigate the change in the productivity of Italian ryegrass seeds according to the inter-row spacing in the southern region of the Korean Peninsula. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) ‘Green Call’ variety was sown in Jinju, Gyeongnam in the fall of 2020 with three inter-row spacings (20, 30 and 40 cm). The experiment was arranged a randomized block design with three replications. The ryegrass was sown on October 17, 2020, and the harvest was on May 31, about 60 days from the first heading stage. There was no difference among treatments with an average of April 27th in heading stage. Plant height was significantly longer at 30 cm seeding interval and the shortest in 20 cm treatment. The length of the spike was the longest in the 40 cm seeding interval, and the number of seeds per spike was the highest in the 20cm seeding interval, but there was no significant difference among treatments. The seed yield was the highest at the 20 cm sowing interval (2,180 kg/ha), and decreased as the spacing increased. The dry matter content of seeds and straw was found to be 44.90% and 45.51% on average, and there was no significant difference among treatments. The amount of remaining straw after harvesting was found to be 7,506 kg/ha on average on DM basis, and was high at the 20 cm seeding interval. In view of the above results, it was found that it is most advantageous to sow at intervals of 20 cm when producing Italian ryegrass seeds through autumn sowing in the southern region.

EGF Reverses Multi-drug Resistance via the p-ERK Pathway in HepG2/ADM and SMMC7721/ADM Hepatocellular Carcinoma Models

Yan, Feng,Bai, Li-Ping,Gao, Hua,Zhu, Chang-Ming,Lin, Li,Kang, Xiang-Peng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Aim: To investigate signaling pathways for reversal of EGF-mediated multi-drug resistance (MDR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models. Materials and Methods: HCC MDR cell strain HepG2/adriamycin (ADM) and SMMC7721/ADM models were established using a method of exposure to medium with ADM between low and high concentration with gradually increasing concentration. Drug sensitivity and reversal of multi-drug resistance by EGF were determined and the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Phosphorylation of ERK1, ERK2, ERK5 and expression of Bim were detected by Western blotting. Results: The results showed that HepG2/ADM and SMMC7721/ADM cells were resistant not only to ADM, but also to multiple anticancer drugs. When used alone, EGF had no anti-tumor activity in HepG2/ADM and SMMC7721/ADM cells in vitro, while it increased the cytotoxicity of ADM. EGF induced cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in HepG2/ADM And SMMC7721/ADM cells, while enhancing activity of p-ERKs and up-regulated expression of BimEL. Conclusions: EGF might enhance the chemosensitivity of HepG2/ADM and SMMC7721/ADM cells via up-regulating p-ERKs and BimEL protein.

Analytical Calculation for Predicting the Air Gap Flux Density in Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

Feng, Yan-li,Zhang, Cheng-ning The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

The research of air gap flux density has a significant effect on predicting and optimizing the structure parameters of electrical machines. In the paper, the air gap coefficient, leakage flux factor and saturation coefficient are first analytically expressed in terms of motor properties and structure parameters. Subsequently, the analytical model of average air gap flux density for surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines is proposed with considering slotting effect and saturation. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed analytical model, the experiment and finite element analysis (FEA) are used. It shows that the analytical results keep consistency well with the experimental result and FEA results, and the errors between FEA results and analytical results are less than 5% for SPM with high power. Finally, the analytical model is applied to optimizing the motor structure parameters. The optimal results indicate that the analytical calculation model provides a great potential to the machine design and optimization.

Numerical Simulation on New Conical Spray for Diesel Premixed Charge Compression Ignition

( Li Yan Feng ),( Wu Qiang Long ),( Bao Guo Du ),( Xian Yin Leng ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Concerning the difficulty of pre-mixture preparation for diesel HCCI combustion, a new conical spray is proposed. The new conical spray is formed by the combination of multi-hole nozzle and close impingement structure. The new spray has characteristics of high dispersion and acts with flexible penetration in design. Three-dimensional CFD package AVL FIRE 8.2 was used to simulate pre-mixture preparation process with the new conical spray. The effects of combustion chamber shape and impingement structure on pre-mixture quality were analyzed. The calculation results indicate the following conclusions: (1) with the application of new conical spray, fuel impingement and adhesion on piston or liner surface are avoided; (2) combustion chamber shape has crucial effect on pre-mixture homogeneity, which is apparent when start of injection is or later than 60°CA BTDC; (3) compared with other kinds of combustion chamber, deep reentrant combustion chamber performs better on pre-mixture preparation if the start of injection is 60° or 80°CA BTDC; (4) the geometry of impingement orientation structure also affects pre-mixture quality.