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Review : Managing alcoholic liver disease
( Vijay H. Shah ) 대한간학회 2015 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.21 No.3
Alcoholic liver disease continues to be a significant cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality throughout the world. A number of diagnostic and prognostic models have been developed in the management of this condition, although specific roles for liver biopsy still remain particularly in the setting of alcoholic hepatitis. Despite a large number of recent treatment trials, the ideal pharmacotherapy approach remains undefined. Most essential is the supportive care and focus on abstinence and nutrition. Owing in part to a great deal of attention from governmental funding sources, a number of new treatment approaches are undergoing rigorous evaluation, hopefully providing future treatment options in this very severe condition. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2015;21:212-219)
Variation of Medicinal Plants Species Richness along Vertical Gradient in Makawanpur District, Nepal
Damodar Gaire,Lichun Jiang,Vijay Kumar Yadav,Jit Narayan Shah,Sunita Dhungana,Anju Upadhyaya,Shiv Kumar Manjan,Binod Kumar Heyojoo 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2021 Journal of Forest Science Vol.37 No.2
The research attempted to analyze the medicinal plant species richness in the vertical gradient from lower to the highest elevation of Makawanpur, focusing on the relationship between species richness and elevation which is very important for conservation and management of species diversity. Inventory was carried out in the study area by taking sampling intensity of 0.5% in the effective area. Altogether, 42 sample plots were laid in the field with the help of GIS software maintaining 50 m altitude difference. High species diversity was found in the herbs species whereas shrubs have comparatively low species diversity. The maximum species richness is found in herbs and poles whereas shrubs and trees have relatively low species richness. Research showed that species richness of medicinal plants increased with altitudinal gradient. While analyzing the species richness from 350 to 2,550 m (msl), the highest species richness was received with the elevation ranges from 1,800 m to 2,300 m. There was a positive relationship between species richness and altitudinal gradient in the study area. In addition, we have recorded the high value medicinal plants after 1,800 m altitude and rarely within 1,000 m. Medicinal plants correlated both positive and negative relationships with the increased altitude. The altitudinal response has positively seen except density (n/ha) of Shrubs. Domestication and cultivation of high value medicinal plants should be promoted in community forest including private lands. Training, workshops and awareness programs should be conducted to make people aware about medicinal plants resource utilization, conservation and commercialization of available medicinal plants.
Review : The role of gut-Liver axis in the pathogenesis of Liver cir-rhosis and portal hypertension
( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Vijay H Shah ) 대한간학회 2012 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.18 No.4
Because of the anatomical position and its unique vascular system, the liver is susceptible to the exposure to the microbial products from the gut. Although large amount of microbes colonize in the gut, translocation of the microbes or microbial products into the liver and systemic circulation is prevented by gut epithelial barrier function and cleansing and detoxifying functions of the liver in healthy subjects. However, when the intestinal barrier function is disrupted, large amount of bacterial products can enter into the liver and systemic circulation and induce inflammation through their receptors. Nowadays, there have been various reports suggesting the role of gut flora and bacterial translocation in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease and portal hypertension. This review summarizes the current knowledge about bacterial translocation and its contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases and portal hypertension. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2012;18:337-346)
Mahesh Kumar Goenka,Bhavik Bharat Shah,Vijay Kumar Rai,Surabhi Jajodia,Usha Goenka 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.6
Background/Aims: To evaluate patients with portal hypertension (PH) of varied etiologies for portal hypertensive enteropathy (PHE)using the PillCam SB3 capsule endoscopy (CE) system. Methods: Consecutive patients with PH presenting with unexplained anemia and/or occult gastrointestinal bleeding were evaluatedusing the PillCam SB3 CE system. Abnormal findings were categorized as vascular or non-vascular. The patients with ongoing bleedingcaused by PHE were treated. The correlation of the CE scores of PHE with the clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features wasdetermined. Results: Of the 43 patients included in the study, 41 (95.3%) showed PHE findings. These included varices (67.4%), red spots (60.5%),erythema (44.2%), villous edema (46.5%), telangiectasia (16.3%), and polyps (16.3%). The CE scores varied from 0 to 8 (mean±standarddeviation, 4.09±1.8). Five patients (11.6%) showed evidence of ongoing or recent bleeding due to PHE. Three of these five patientsunderwent endotherapy, and one patient underwent radiological coil placement. Conclusions: The PillCam SB3 CE system revealed a high prevalence of PHE in the patients with PH. Using this system, evidence ofbleeding due to PHE was found in a small but definite proportion of the patients.