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( Yoon Sup So ),( Victor O Adetimirin ),( Soon Kwon Kim ) 한국육종학회 2013 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.1 No.2
On August 2, 1999, the typhoon “Olga” with the maximum wind speed of 19.2 m/s hit the Korean peninsula and caused considerable damage to crops. Regional yield trials were at tasseling stage and were affected by the typhoon. After the storm, almost all the plants were root-lodged. This provided a rare chance to study the relationship between recovery from the lodging and reduction of grain yield in maize. Three check cultivars were examined for angle of lodging, grain yield, yield components, plant height and ear height. Six levels of leaning were classified. Plants leaning less than 10° from the vertical were considered as non-lodged. Average reduction in grain yield across five levels of lodging was 29.2% with the mean of 46.1°. The reductions of three hybrids were 25% for Suwon 19, 39.5% for Pioneer 3525 and 27.4% for DeKalb 689. R 2 values of grain yield on angles of lodging ranged from 0.33 for Suwon 19 to 0.51 for Pioneer 3525. The slope of the regression was lowest for Suwon 19 and highest for Pioneer 3525. Yield reduction from lodging was less severe for the locally bred Suwon 19. Reductions in yield components were also influenced by cultivars with Pioneer 3525 showing the most severe reduction. The yield components most severely affected by root lodging at the flowering time were ear length and number of kernels per row. The high reductions in yield and agronomic traits caused by root lodging justify the lodging resistance as a major breeding objective in Korea.
Vital Kouessi Sixte Anato,Yves Agnoun,Joè,l Houndjo,Aderonke Oludare,Clement Agbangla,Malachy Akoroda,Victor O,Adetimirin 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.4
Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is the most harmful virus that affects irrigated and lowland rice in Africa. The RBe24 isolate of the virus is the most pathogenic strain in Benin. A total of 79 genotypes including sus- ceptible IR64 (Oryza sativa) and the resistant TOG5681 (O. glaberrima) as checks were screened for their reactions to RBe24 isolate of RYMV and the effects of silicon on the response of host plants to the virus inves- tigated. The experiment was a three-factor factorial consisting of genotypes, inoculation level (inoculated vs. non-inoculated), and silicon dose (0, 5, and 10 g/plant) applied as CaSiO3 with two replications and carried out twice in the screen house. Significant differences were observed among the rice genotypes. Fifteen highly resistant and eight resistant genotypes were identified, and these were mainly O. glaberrima. Silicon application did not affect disease incidence and severity at 21 and 42 days after inoculation (DAI); it, however, significantly increased plant height of inoculated (3.6% for 5 g CaSiO3/plant and 6.3% for 10 g CaSiO3/plant) and non-inoculated (1.9% for 5 g CaSiO3/plant and 4.9% for 10 g CaSiO3/plant) plants at 42 DAI, with a reduction in the number of tillers (12.3% for both 5 and 10 g CaSiO3/plant) and leaves (26.8% for 5 g CaSiO3/plant and 28% for 10 g CaSiO3/plant) under both inoculation treatments. Our results confirm O. glaberrima germ- plasm as an important source of resistance to RYMV, and critical in developing a comprehensive strategy for the control of RYMV in West Africa.