텔레메틱스 서비스에서의 차량 내 네트워크 구축을 위한 CAN 프로토콜

김태환,임태균,홍원기,이용두 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 情報通信硏究 Vol.3 No.1

The advance of IT technology leads to a new industry called telematics and the active studies on the wired and wireless network for the various telematics services. Especially, a modularization of the terminal platform is needed to offer with telematics services efficiently, which requires the aid of the hardware technology as well as the softwar e one. The AMI-C, established for the standardization of the interface between the infortainment system and the communication network in the vehicle, provides standard interface for wired communication in the vehicle such as CAN, MOST and IDB-1394. In this paper, We analyze the wired communication protocol for the vehicle, focusing on the CAN protocol. In addition, a new terminal platform for the telematics service is proposed for the real-time control environment based on the CAN protocol. 최근 발달된 IT기술이 자동차에 적용되어 텔레메틱스(Telematics)라는 새로운 산업을 일으키고 있으며, 텔레메틱스 서비스를 위한 다양한 유·무선 기술과 네트워크기술 들이 연구되고 있다. 특히 효율적인 텔레메틱스 서비스를 위해 서는 단말 플랫폼의 모듈화가 요구된다. 이러한 모듈화된 단말 플랫폼은 소프트웨어에만 국한되지 않으며 새로운 하드웨어를 요구한다. 이를 위해 차량 정보엔터테인먼트 시스템과 차량 통신 네트워크의 인터페이스 표준화를 위한 AMI-C에서는 차량 내 유선 통신방법으로 CAN, MOST, IDB-1394와 같은 표준 인터페이스를 제공하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 CAN 프로토콜을 중심으로 텔레메틱스 서비스를 위한 차량 내 유선통신 프로토콜을 분석하고, CAN 프로토콜의 실시간 제어 환경에서의 텔레메틱스 서비스를 위한 단말 플랫폼을 제시한다.

우리나라 사람면역결핍바이러스(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) 감염환자에서 발병한 악성종양

최평균,송진수,조재현,김성한,박경화,방지환,박완범,김홍빈,김동완,김태유,허대석,오명돈,김남중,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background : Since highly active antiretroviral therapy has lengthened the life span of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the importance of malignancy associated with HIV has been increased. The relative frequencies of malignancies in HIV infected patients may vary in different race and region. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and characteristics of malignancies in patients with HIV infection in South Korea. Materials and Methods : To identify HIV patients with malignancy, we reviewed the electronic database of pathological reports for all HIV-infected patients seen from January 1986 to December 2005 at the Seoul National University Hospital. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of them. Results : Among 850 patients infected with HIV, 33 episodes of malignant diseases were diagnosed in 32 patients (3.76%). Thirty were males, and median age was 46 years (range 29-70). At the time of the diagnosis of malignancy, median CD4^(+) lymphocytes count was 100/uL (range 5-620) and in 27 (82%) patients, CD4^(+) lymphocytes count were less than 200/uL. For 13 patients (40%), malignancy was initial presentation of HIV infection. Excluding patients initially diagnosed as malignancy, median follow-up duration from the first visit to diagnosis of malignancy was 36 months (range 3-96). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was the most frequent malignancy (13 patients), followed by Kaposi's sarcoma (7), Hodgkin‘s disease (3), acute myeloid leukemia (1), and other solid cancer (9) including one case of anal cancer associated with human papillomavirus. Among 13 patients with non- Hodgkin's lymphoma, 4(31%) achieved the complete remission after chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, and had been followed without evidence of recurrence. Conclusion : Malignancy was diagnosed in 3.76% of patients infected with HIV. Non-Hodgkin‘s lymphoma is the most prevalent malignancy in HIV patients in South Korea. 목적 : 효과적인 항레트로바이러스 다제요법이 도입됨에 따라, HIV 감염환자들의 수명이 증가되었고, 이에 따라 HIV 감염환자에서 악성종양의 중요성 또한 증가하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 HIV 감염환자에서 악성종양의 유병률과 호발하는 악성종양의 특성을 밝히는 것이다. 재료 및 방법 : 1986년부터 2005년까지 서울대학교병원에서 치료를 받은 HIV 감염환자의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였고, 병리학적 검사 결과를 검토하여 악성종양이 진단된 환자들을 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 결과 : 총 850명의 환자 중, 32명(3.76%)에서 33예의 악성종양이 진단되어, 악성종양의 발병률은 1,000인년 당13.0명(95% 신뢰구간: 8.6∼17.4명)이었다. 그 중 남자는 30명이었고, 악성종양 진단 당시 연령의 중간값은 46 (29-70)세이었다. 악성종양 진단받을 당시, CD4 림프구 수의 중간값은 lOO/uL (5-620 uL) 이었고, CD4 림프구수가 200/ uL 미만인 환자가 27명(82%)이었다. 악성종양에 대한 검사 도중에 HIV 감염사실이 밝혀진 환자가 13명(40%)이었다. HIV를 진단 받은 후 악성종양이 발병한 환자들에서, HIV 진단 후 악성종양의 발병까지는 평균 36개월(3-96개월)이 걸렸다. 13명의 HIV 감염 환자에서 진단된 비호지킨림프종이 가장 흔한 악성종양이었고, 이외에 카포시육종이 7명, 호지킨병이 3명, HPV와 연관된 항문암이 1명의 HIV 환자에서 진단되었다. 그 밖에 급성백혈병, 방광암, 췌장장, 폐암, 진행성위암, 갑상선암, 간세포암, 후두암이 각각 1예씩 진단되었다. 비호지킨림프종이 진단된13명 환자 중, 4명(31%)은 항암치료 및 방사선치료를 받아 완전관해가 되었고, 현재 재발의 증거 없이 외래에서 경과 관찰 중이다. 결론 : 우리나라 HIV 감염환자에서 악성종양의 유병률은 3.76%이었고, 비호지킨림프종이 가장 흔한 악성종양이었다.

컨버터로 제어되는 유도전동기 드라이브 시스템의 손실 모델링

정동화,이정철,박기태,이홍균 순천대학교 1999 순천대학교 자연과학논문집 Vol.18 No.2

An accurate loss model of induction motor drive controlled by the converter is proposed. Steady state fundamental and hamonics loss characteristics, besides the dynamics of the machine are analyzed and incorporated in the model, resulting in a new synchronous frame dynamics d-q equivalent circuit. The converter system has been modeled accurately for condition and switching losses.

퍼지제어를 이용한 유도전동기 드라이브의 효율 최적화

정동화,이정철,박기태,이홍균 순천대학교 1999 순천대학교 자연과학논문집 Vol.18 No.2

Efficiency optimization of an indirect vector controlled induction motor drive is proposed. The loss models are used in the validation of the fuzzy logic based on-line efficiency optimization control. At steady state, the fuzzy controller adaptively changes the excitation current on the basis of measured input power, until the maximum efficiency point is reached. The pulsating torque, due to flux reduction, has been compensated by an ingenious feedforward scheme. During transient state, rated flux is established, to get the best transient response. Through a comprehensive simulation study, the results confirmed the validity of the proposed method.

방사선조사와 Paclitaxel의 병합요법에 의한 신내막 과증식억제

장기육,승기배,강동헌,임상현,정해억,임효영,김태균,김연실,채장성,김재형,홍순조,윤세철,최규보 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.6

여재 특성에 따른 강우 유출수 내 오염물질 제거특성 평가

김태균(Tae Gyun Kim),조강우(Kang Woo Cho),송경근(Kyung Guen Song),윤민혁(Min Hyuk Yoon),안규홍(Kyu Hong Ahn),홍승관(Sung Kwan Hong) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.7

본 연구의 목적은 도시지역 강우유출수 내에 존재하는 다양한 오염물질에 대한 여과장치의 제거 효율을 평가하고 여재의 특성에 따른 설계인자를 도출하는데 있다. 비점오염물질 제어기술로서 여과 장치 내에 충전될 여재의 선정은 여과장치의 수명과 크기를 결정하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 컬럼운전을 수행함으로써 펄라이트와 합성여재의 강우유출수 내에 존재하는 오염물질에 대한 제거능을 조사하였다. 각 여재의 양이온교환능력 (CEC) 및 제타전위 등 여재의 표면특성을 분석한 결과 펄라이트가 양이온계 오염물질의 흡착에 있어서는 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 컬럼 운전 수행 결과 입자성 오염물질인 TCOD(Cr)와 탁도는 초기 2.5분의 접촉시간만 가지고도 대부분의 제거가 가능한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 수리학적 특성에 있어 EBCT (empty bed contact time) 2.5분의 시점에서 살펴보았을 때 폐색이 발생한 시점은 펄라이트는 630분, 합성여재에서는 810분으로 동일 조건에서 합성여재의 운전 수명이 더 긴 것으로 나타났다. 용존성 오염물질인 SCOD(Cr)에 대하여서는 두 여재 모두 뚜렷한 제거 특성이 보이지 않았으며 이 결과는 흡착에 필요한 접촉시간이 확보되지 못한 것으로 판단된다. 마지막으로 여재의 표면 특성인 양이온 교환능력과 중금속 제거효율 사이의 상관관계는 찾아볼 수 없어 대부분 입자에 포획된 상태로 제거됨을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 도시지역 강우유출 수 처리를 위한 여과장치 설계 및 적정 여재 선정에 있어 중요한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The aims of this study were to evaluate the removal efficiency for various pollutants in urban storm runoff by a filtration device, and to determine design parameters depending on filter media properties. Appropriate selection of filter media will affect the size and life time of the filtration device. Sets of column tests were performed in order to evaluate the removal efficiency by perlite and a synthetic resin. An investigation of surface properties including CEC (cation exchange capacity) and zeta-potential suggested that the perlite had a superior adsorption capability for cationic pollutants. TCODcr and turbidity were analyzed to investigate the removal characteristic of particulate pollutant. In both columns, the particles in the collected storm runoff was almost completely capture with a small EBCT (empty bed contact time) of 2.5 minutes. Complete clogging at the EBCT of 2.5 minutes occurred after 630 minutes in the perlite column and 810 minutes in the resin column. The removal efficiency of TCODcr and turbidity at the EBCT of 2.5 minutes decreased to below 70% due to an wall effect. The removal efficiency for dissolved pollutant (SCODcr) was negligible due to the insufficient contact time for adsorption. The removal of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb) was mostly ascribed to the filtration of particles containing metals, since the relationship between CEC and the removal efficiency was not apparent. The result of this study would be valuable for the application of filtration device to control of urban storm runoff.

P-149 : 강우시 비점오염원의 오염부하 특성 -배나무 재배지를 중심으로-

강재홍 ( Jea Hong Kang ),신동석 ( Dong Suk Shin ),박지형 ( Ji Hyoung Park ),박창희 ( Chang Hee Park ),박배경 ( Bae Kyoung Park ),김홍태 ( Hong Tae Kim ),박재홍 ( Jae Hong Park ),이재관 ( Jae Kwan Lee ),안균환 ( Gyun Hwan An ),고 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2013 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2013 No.-

Prognostic Factors for Recurrence and Progression in Korean Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients: A Retrospective, Multi-Institutional Study

Kim, Hyung Suk,Ku, Ja Hyeon,Kim, Se Joong,Hong, Sung Joon,Hong, Sung Hoo,Kim, Hong Sup,Kwon, Tae Gyun,Cho, Jin Seon,Jeon, Seong Soo,Joo, Kwan Joong,Ahn, Han Jong,Park, Hong Seok,Seong, Do Hwan,Kwon, D Yonsei University College of Medicine 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.4

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To identify the prognostic factors related to tumor recurrence and progression in Korean patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Data were collected and analyzed for 2412 NMIBC patients from 15 centers who were initially diagnosed after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) from January 2006 to December 2010. Using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, the prognostic value of each variable was evaluated for the time to first recurrence and progression.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>With a median follow-up duration of 37 months, 866 patients (35.9%) experienced recurrence, and 137 (5.7%) experienced progression. Patients with recurrence had a median time to the first recurrence of 10 months. Multivariable analysis conducted in all patients revealed that preoperative positive urine cytology (PUC) was independently associated with worse recurrence-free survival [RFS; hazard ratio (HR) 1.56; <I>p</I><0.001], and progression-free survival (PFS; HR 1.56; <I>p</I>=0.037). In particular, on multivariable analysis conducted for the high-risk group (T1 tumor/high-grade Ta tumor/carcinoma <I>in situ</I>), preoperative PUC was an independent predictor of worse RFS (HR 1.73; <I>p</I><0.001) and PFS (HR 1.96; <I>p</I>=0.006). On multivariable analysis in patients with T1 high-grade (T1HG) cancer (n=684), better RFS (HR 0.75; <I>p</I>=0.033) and PFS (HR 0.33; <I>p</I><0.001) were observed in association with the administration of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induction therapy.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>A preoperative PUC result may adversely affect RFS and PFS, particularly in high-risk NMIBC patients. Of particular note, intravesical BCG induction therapy should be administered as an adjunct to TURBT in order to improve RFS and PFS in patients with T1HG cancer.</P>

Hypofractionated radiotherapy for early stage glottic cancer: efficacy of 3.5 Gy per fraction

Tae Hoon Lee,Joo Ho Lee,Seong Keun Kwon,Eun-Jae Chung,Hong-Gyun Wu 대한방사선종양학회 2022 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.40 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes and toxicity profile of patients with early glottic cancer who underwent hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) with 3.5 Gy per fraction. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was performed of the medical records of 35 patients with early stage (T1-2N0M0) glottic cancer who underwent definitive RT. The dose fractionation scheme was 59.5 Gy in 17 fractions. Posterior commissure was excluded from the clinical target volume (CTV) for 26 patients (74.3%) without glottic lesions close to this region. Results: With a median follow-up of 16.23 months (range, 6.82 to 67.15 months), no local, regional, or distant recurrence was reported. Acute hoarseness (65.7%), mucositis (68.6%), radiation dermatitis (60.0%) was frequent. One patient (2.9%) reported grade 3 acute toxicity (mucositis) and there was no grade 4-5 acute toxicity. There was no grade ≥3 late toxicities; however, grade 1 late intermittent hoarseness was frequent (45.7%). The receiver operative characteristic analysis revealed that mean hypopharyngeal dose was predictive for acute grade ≥2 mucositis (area under the curve=0.9314; 95% confidence interval, 0.8524-1). The optimal threshold of mean hypopharyngeal dose for occurrence of acute grade ≥2 mucositis was 26.31 Gy, with a specificity and sensitivity of 83.3% and 88.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Hypofractionated RT with fraction size of 3.5 Gy for early glottic cancer is effective. The hypopharyngeal mean dose could predict the occurrence of grade ≥2 acute mucositis. The posterior commissure can be safely excluded from the CTV.

Preparation of a Porous Chitosan/Fibroin-Hydroxyapatite Composite Matrix for Tissue Engineering

Hong Sung Kim,Jong Tae Kim,Young Jin Jung,Su Chak Ryu,Hong Joo Son,Yong Gyun Kim 한국고분자학회 2007 Macromolecular Research Vol.15 No.1