대기온도가 Diesel Cycle의 성능에 미치는 영향에 관한 이론적 고찰

장성운 충주대학교 2006 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.41 No.-

In internal Diesel combustion engine, The change of air temperature is change the density of air in the stoke volume to Diesel engine. The influence of power and efficiency is change according to the atmosphere- temperature of air. For calculating, decided the Diesel engine scale is 2000cc and 4cylinders mechanical compression ratio is 18 of Diesel engine. Our country, Atmosphere-temperature change is -20℃ in winter to 40℃ in summer. The density of air increase by the temperature drop and decrease by the temperature rises. Density change of air is appear mass change to the stroke volume in Diesel engine. The mass change is change the compression ratio of Diesel. engine. The compression ratio change is change the thermal efficiency and power of Diesel engine. In atmosphere-temperature -20℃, Compression ratio change 20.687 and thermal efficiency change 66.05%. In atmosphere-temperature 40℃, Compression ratio change 16.913 and thermal efficiency change 63.21%. The Compression ratio and thermal efficiency are increase to the low temperature. The results are as follows, 1. The change of atmosphere temperature is change the density and mass of air and influence the power and thermal efficiency to the Diesel engine. 2. For increasing the mass of intake air to influenced the power and thermal efficiency must be drop the temperature of intake air 3. For drop the temperature of intake air, intake manifold must be set ahead of engine and order side of exhaust manifold.

吸入 空氣의 濕度가 Diesel cycle의 性能에 미치는 影響에 關한 理論的 考察

장성운 忠州大學校 2007 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.42 No.-

For calculating theoretical thermal efficiency of Diesel cycle in internal combustion engine, Theoretical thermal efficiency is decided by compression ratio. Compression ratio of internal combustion engine is calculated by stroke volume and clearance volume. The air of stroke volume is constant to the engine mechanism. Air temperature of clearance volume increases adiabatic compression. The moisture in intake air is evaporating by the temperature of adiabatic compression. Moisture evaporating is increased volume in the clearance volume after adiabatic compression. Clearance volume is the intake air and the steam of moisture evaporating. The result, compression rate is increased and thermal efficiency is changed. For calculating, Absolute humidity of intake air increase 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30.% The result were as follows. 1, Increase the absolute humidity of intake air in Diesel cycle, moisture is changed to super heated steam by evaporating and increased the volume in the clearance volume and changed compressing rate after adiabatic compression. 2, Pressure increase after adiabatic compression improves the power of engine. 3, The high compressing rate increases thermal efficiency in Diesel cycle. 4, If the moisture increasing mechanism is applied to the intake air, engine power and thermal efficiency is increased and engine is effected a little big size.

대기온도가 Otto Cycle의 성능에 미치는 영향에 관한 이론적 고찰

장성운 忠州大學校 2005 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.40 No.2

In internal gasoline combustion engine, The change of air temperature is chage the density of air in the stoke volume to gasolive engine. The influence of power and efficiency is change according to the atmosphere-temperature of air. For calculating, decided the engine scale Engine stroke volume is 2000cc and 4cylinders Mechanical compression ratio is 12 of gasoline engine. Our country, Atmosphere-temperature change is -20℃, Compression ratio is 13.738 and thermal efficiency is 64.93%. Atmosphere-temperature 40℃, Compression ratio is 11.269 and thermal efficiency is 62.038%. The Compression ratio and thermal efficiency are increase to the low temperature. The results are as follows, 1. Atmosphere-temperature is change the intake air mass and air mass change is change the compression ratio in gasoline engine. 2. Compression ratio change is change the thermal efficiency and power to the gasoline engine. 3. For increasing the thermal efficiency and power, Air temperature be come down for more intake air in gasoline engine. 4. For come down intake air temperature in the stroke volume, intake manifold must be ahead of engine and exhaust manifold must be behind of engine.

Dipyridamole 부하 심근 SPECT에서 Dipyridamole의 작용과 부작용

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),최창운(Chang Woon Choi),배상균(Sang Kyun Bae),양형인(Hyung In Yang),여정석(Jeong Suk Yeo) 대한핵의학회 1993 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.27 No.2

N/A Dipyridamole is an agent that may be used to noninvasively evaluate coronary artery disease. The effect of dipyridamole infusion its generally related to its induced peripheral vasodilatory effect. In normal person, heart rate is generally increased slightly while blood pressure decrease, but the achieved double product and related myocardial oxygen consumption have no significant change. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect and side effect of dipyridamole, and to compare different response to dipyridamole among the patients. We evaluated 847 patients who underwent dipyridamole stress myocardial SPECT. 93.6% of them had induced hypotension 0.9% showed no change of blood pressure, 5.5% had increased blood pressure 8.3% had no change of pulse rate more than 10% of basal pulse rate. Among diabetes, 16.9% was not change of pulse rate, 6.7% in non-diabetes. There was no significant correlation between age and rate pressure product rest(RPPr), in patients without perfusion defects on SPECT(y=7.1x+48.4r=0.13 p>0.01). As increasing age, RPPs/RPPr was declined(y=-11.6x+68.9 r=0.17 p〈0.01), similar results were obtained in patients with perfusion defect. The size of perfusion defect on myocardial SPECT have no correlation between RPPr and RPPs/RPPr. The side effects of dipyridamole included chest pain and chest tightness, headache, abdominal pain, dizzness, nausea, and dyspnea. As increasing age, dipyridamole-induced cardiac work at rest was increased, cardiac response to dipyridamole was decreased.

소화기 ; 담관암세포주에서 내인성 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 배위자인 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2의 항암 효과

정성훈 ( Sung Hoon Jung ),김병호 ( Byung Ho Kim ),김영일 ( Young Il Kim ),심재준 ( Jae Jun Shim ),황보영 ( Bo Young Hwang ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),동석호 ( Seok Ho Dong ),김효종 ( Hyo Jong Kim ),장영운 ( Young Woon Chang ),장 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.78 No.1

목적: PPAR gamma 배위자의 항암 효과는 다양한 암세포에서 보고되었으나 담관암에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 한국인 간내담관암에서 확립한 암세포주를 대상으로 내인성 PPAR gamma 배위자인 15-deoxy-PGJ2의 항암 효과와 그 기전에 관하여 알아보았다. 방법: Cho-CK, Choi-CK, JCK, SCK의 네 가지 간내담관암 세포주를 사용하였다. RT-PCR 방법으로 PPAR gamma, bcl-2, bax 각 유전자의 mRNA 발현을 측정하였다. 세포증식 분석은 MTT assay, 세포주기 분석은 flow cytometry, 세포자 멸사 분석은 cell death detection ELISAplus kit를 사용하였다. 또한 Caspase 활성도 측정을 위해 caspase colorimetric assay kit를 사용하였고, MTT assay를 통해서 caspase 억제제가 15-deoxy-PGJ2의 암세포증식 억제를 차단하는지 알아보았다. 결과: 모든 담관암세포주에서 PPAR gamma mRNA가 발현 되었다. 15-deoxy-PGJ2를 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 mM 농도로 투여하여 72시간 배양하였을 때 모든 세포주에서 용량 및 시간 의존적으로 세포증식이 억제되었다. 세포주기 분석 결과 25 mM 15-deoxy-PGJ2 투여 48시간 후 모든 세포주에서 세포자멸사 분획이 증가하였으며 세포자멸사 유도 효과는 용량 의존적이었다. 25 mM 15-deoxy-PGJ2를 투여한 후 48시간까지 caspase 활성도를 측정하였는데, caspase 3 활성도는 모든 세포주에서 caspase 9 활성도는 JCK를 제외한 나머지 세포주에서 유의하게 증가하였으며 caspase 8 활성도는 별 변화가 없었다. Pancaspase 억제제인 Z-VAD-FMK와 caspase-3 억제제인 Z-DEVD-FMK를 투여한 경우 15-deoxy-PGJ2의 암세포증식 억제 효과가 48시간 이후 농도 의존적으로 차단되었으며, 이러한 효과는 모든 세포주에서 나타났다. 각 세포주에 15-deoxy-PGJ2를 투여 한 후 48시간까지 bcl-2 및 bax gene의 발현 유무를 관찰하였는데, bcl-2 mRNA는 Cho-CK, Choi-CK, SCK 세포 주에서 유의하게 감소하였으나 bax의 경우 모든 세포주에서 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 한국인 간내담관암세포주 모두에서 PPAR gamma mRNA가 발현됨을 알 수 있었고, 내인성 PPAR gamma 배위 자인 15-deoxy-PGJ2가 세포자멸사 유도를 통해 담관암세포 증식을 용량 및 시간 의존적으로 억제하였다. Background/Aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ ligand is known to inhibit the growth of several kinds of cancer cells, yet its effect on cholangiocarcinoma is indecisive. We investigated the effect of an endogenous ligand of PPAR-γ, 15-deoxy-δ (12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15-deoxy-PGJ2) on cholangiocarcinoma cells that were established from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissue of Korean patients. Methods: Four cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, Cho-CK, Choi-CK, JCK and SCK, were studied. The mRNA expression of PPAR-γ, bcl-2, and bax were examined by RT-PCR. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry, and apoptosis by cell death detection ELISA kit. Caspase activity was measured by colorimetric assay. The effect of caspase inhibitors on 15-deoxy-PGJ2-induced apoptosis was determined by measuring cell viability using the MTT assay. Results: PPAR-γ mRNA was expressed in all cholangiocarcinoma cells. 15-deoxy-PGJ2 inhibited proliferation of all cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. All cells treated with 15-deoxy-PGJ2 showed increased dose-dependent apoptosis. Caspase 3 was activated in all cells and caspase 9 was activated in all but JCK cells after 15-deoxy-PGJ2 treatment. Caspase 8 activity showed no significant change. The pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, and the caspase-3 inhibitor, Z-DEVD-FMK, blocked 15-deoxy-PGJ2-induced apoptosis in all cells dose-dependently. The expression of bcl-2 was decreased in Cho-CK, Choi-CK and SCK cells, and bax expression was not changed significantly after 15-deoxy-PGJ2 treatment. Conclusions: PPAR-γ mRNA was expressed in all Korean cholangiocarcinoma cells. Our data suggest that 15-deoxy-PGJ2 exerts an antineoplastic effect against cholangiocarcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis through caspase activation. (Korean J Med 78:75-86, 2010)

SV40 T 항원의 온도조건부 변이형 유전자가 포함된 Amphotropic Retrovirus 에 의한 사람 태아 간세포의 불멸화

이정일(Joung Il Lee),동석호(Seok Ho Dong),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),장린(Rin Chang),성세라(Se Ra Seong),박재경(Jae Kyung Park),김승보(Seung Bo Kim),이상목(Sang Mok Lee) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.57 No.1

N/A Human cells are almost never spontaneously immortalized in vitro. We tried to immortalize human fetal hepatocytes (h-FH) and evaluate the differentiational status and its change. Methods : Hepatocytes were isolated from a liver fragment of 20 week old fetus and infected with amphotropic recombinant retrovirus containing a temperature- sensitive mutant of SV40 large T antigen and neomycin phosphotransferase gene. G418 resistant colonies were cloned and expanded. The cells which were able to divide more than 30 times were used to analyze various functions. Results : The immortalization rate was 3.3 x 10-8 and two cell lines (C11, D21) were established. C11-60, C11-80, D21-30 and D21-60 (suffix number means the cell division counts) were evaluated. D21-30 was thougt to be imcompletely immortalized because a considerable portion of cells died during culture. The morphology was similar to that of epithelial cells except for D21-30 which looked like fibroblast. The cells grew rapidly at 33oC but stopped growing at 39oC. T antigen and p53 was expressed at 33oC but disappeared at 39oC, which suggest that T antigen binds to p53. Chromosomal changes were so marked that it was impossible to discriminate exact number. Albumin was secreted as about 1/10 as that of h-FH, but alpha-fetoprotein secretion stopped after immortalization. Telomerase was activated in both cell lines except for the incompletely immortalized cells D21-30. Telomere was elongated in competely immortalized cell lines, but it was rather shortened in D21-30 compared to that of h-FH. Macroscopic colonies did not develop in soft agar assay. Conclusions : We successfully immortalized human fetal hepatocytes. Although the cells are not likely to have oncogenicity, the functions are not so good, possibly due to marked chromosomal changes which are thought to occur before telomerase is activated during immortalization step.

熱交換器에 依한 低溫廢水에서의 熱 回收에 關한 硏究

張星雲 忠州大學校 1982 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.15 No.2

In this study of heat collection from dis-used water by low temperature heat exchanger. The heat exchanger out side was made by steel plate and size is hight 600mm, wide 300, lenght 5400mm. In side of heat exchanger was made by copper-pipe 165 ea which each lenght is 5400mm, diameter is 15mm, thickness is 1.5mm. Disused water flow is side of copper-pipe, and cold water to(boiler feed water) flow out side of copper-pipe. Heat is exchanged from disused water to cold water. The popular bath house using low temperature heat exchanger, fuel consuming was economized about one-third. The result were as follows 1. The meterial of copper is good at the low temperature heat exchanger. 2. Popular bath house using low temperature beat exchanger can be economizing of fuel consuming about one-third. 3. The method of heat exchanging in low temperature heat exchanger is good oppsit flow.

蒸汽의 交縮 熱量計에서 오리피스의 直徑 및 길이에 관한 考察

張星雲 忠州大學校 1999 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.34 No.1

Steam is divided wet steam and super heated steam. Specific volume, enthalpy, entropy of super heated steam are found out by pressure and temperature of super heated steam in steam tables. Enthalpy of wet steam is measured by dryness in steam tables, but the dryness of wet steam can not find out in the generating steam. The throttling enthalpy of wet steam is measured by throttling calorimeter. The throttling calorimeter is composed of Orifice and expansion room. The calorimeter is influence Orifice diameter, length and volume of expansion room. In this experiment, the volume of espansion room is constant(diameter 85mm, length 200mm). Orifice diameter are 34,5,6,7,8mm, each diameter have length 6.4,9.6,12.8,16,19.2mm. Orifice are 30 kinds. For find out the orifice of optimum condition, the result were as follows. 1. In the pressure 2㎏f/㎠abs is small pressure drop, all the temperature of expended steam is not enough to the temperature of super heated steam. 2. Low pressure(3,4,5㎏f/㎠abs), the Orifice of optimum condition are diameter 5mm length 6.6mm, diameter 6mm length 9.6mm, diameter 7,8mm length 12.8mm. 3. In high pressure(6,7,8㎏f/㎠abs), The orifice of optimum condition are diameter 5mm length 6.6, 9.6mm, diameter 6mm length 9.6,12.8mm 4. In the case of pressure increase, optimum condition of Orifice, Orifice length is increase in same diameter, Orifice iameter ia decrease in same length 5. Orifice diameter less than 5mm, over than 7mm, all the temperature of expanded steam are low of optimum condition temperature, that is no good condition of Orifice diameter and length to the expansion room.

와이어 컷팅의 가공특성에 관한 연구

張星雲,朴達根 忠州大學校 1998 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.1

From the experimental study of wire-cut Electric Discharge Machining of high speed steel, the characteristics such as cutting speed and evaluated for discharge voltage, discharge current, water speed. Cutting speed is improved as discharge current, cutting speed is discharge low voltage show a few increased, high voltage many increased. Cutting speed is many increased water low speeds, high speed few increased.

冷凍機의 冷氣流 損失에 關한 考察

張星雲 忠州大學校 1989 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.23 No.-

In this study of cold air loss in a refrigerator, A refrigerator and a surface thermometer were used on the experiment. The method of experiment are ordinary use and use of box. Opening times of refrigerator were 10, 15, 20, second and close the refrigerator. Checking cold air temperature in side of the refrigerator were 10, 20, 30, 60, 120 second. The results were as follows: 1. In the case of using a box, the time of temperature drop to 4℃ is short. 2. A cold air loss is small when food is 70% in the refrigerator 3. A cold air loss is small when speed of open and close is slow. 4. A cold air loss is much when opening time is more than 15 secont.