퍼지 개념 계층을 이용한 연관 규칙 마이닝

손봉기,한상훈,이건명 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2001 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.9 No.1

개념들 사이의 일반화 관계를 나타내는 개념 계층을 이용한 연관 규칙 마이닝에서는 개념들 사이의 관계가 명확한 경우만을 고려하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 개념들 사이의 관계가 애매한 경우까지 나타낼 수 있는 퍼지 개념 계층을 이용한 연관 규칙 마이닝 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법에서는 마이닝할 트랜잭션 데이터베이스를 표현하는 방법과 상위 개념 수준에서의 연관 규칙 마이닝을 위해 퍼지 개념 계층을 참조해 상위 개념 트랜잭션 데이터베이스를 생성하는 방법에 대해 기술한다. 또한 생성된 트랜잭션 데이터베이스에 대해 빈발 항목 집합을 생성하는 알고리즘을 소개하고, 실험 과정을 통해 제안된 알고리즘의 유용성을 보인다. The conceptual association rule mining methods, which use concept hierarchies representing generalization relationship among concepts, take into account only the cases that the generalization relationships are clear. In this paper, we propose an association rule mining method that adopts fuzzy concept hierarchies. which are capable of representing ambiguous relationships among concepts. It describes the way to represent transaction database to mine and the way to crate higher concept transaction database by referencing fuzzy concept hierarchies for association rule mining in higher concept level. In addition, it presents the algorithm that creates frequent item set from transaction database, and shows the applicability of the proposed method with some experiments.

이원분산마크로장방형수지에 의한 파라니트로페놀의 흡착

손진언,김달한,후루야에이지,조영삼,이성식,야마시타세이치 東亞大學校 大學院 1991 大學院論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Uptake curves were obtained for p-nitrophenol/XAD-2000 resin system using a shallow-bed method for various concentration ranges at 298.2K. Distilled water was employed as solvent. The values of effective intraparticle diffusivity were detrermined by comparing experimental and theoretical uptake curves. The values obtained for solvent i. e, distilled water system was not dependent on the amount adsorbed in the higher concentration range. Those results shows that, except in the region where there is a low adsorbed amount, and adsorber packed with macrorecticular resin particles can be designed using a traditional pore diffusion model.

활성탄에 의한 카페인 및 니코틴의 흡착특성

손진언,이성식,김달한,유명호,이만식 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1994 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.1

Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of Caffeine and Nicotine from aqueous solution on activated carbon were determined experimentally in a batch system. Then, the equilibrium data were expressed by the Freundlich type and the equilibrium constants were obtained. Diffusion coefficient were determined by comparing experimental decay curve with theoretical ones. Surface diffusion was consided to be dominant and the value of diffusion coefficient were depent of the amount adsorbed and the equilibrium concentration. Domestic activated carbon has nearly same amount of adsorption as imported activated carbon made by CALGON carbon Corp.

先進 農業國의 環境保全型 持續農業 轉換趨勢

孫尙穆,韓仁娥 단국대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

This study aims to direct to an understanding of the environmental friendly sustainable agriculture which has been made great progress recently in some advanced countries. Today's agriculture is being challenged to operate in an environmentally responsible fashion while at the same time continuing to produce abundant supplies of food both economically and profitably. This paper presents an array of new knowledge and insight about the functioning of conventional agriuclture and sustainable agriuclture. Examples of the public policies and research projects under way in advanced countries are described. The emphasis is to seek ways to reduce use of chemicals and fertilizers and increase their effectiveness to improve and maintain environmental and economic sustainability. Finally, some concrete examples of constructive approaches toward Low Input Sustainable Agriuclture in Korea are suggested.

당뇨병환자에서 뇨증 Fibronectin농도의 증가에 관한 연구

한승범,조준승,손건영,서성문,박근용,조성래,박규영,박정모,이인규,여준기 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1994 계명의대학술지 Vol.13 No.4

Plasma fibronectin is an α₂-glyoprotein, which is produced by vascular endothelial cells. Raised level of plasma fibronectin has been observed in diabetic patients particularly in the presence of microvascular complications. However, no available data exist about urine level of this glycoprotein in diabetic patients. We measured urine fibronectin level by ELISA methods in 54 diabetic patients who have microvascular comlications or not. The following results were obtained. 1) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) in diabetic group(1740.0±678.0) is increased compaired with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0). but this results were not significantly different among two groups(P>0.05). 2) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) was significantly increased in patients with nephropathy (6188.0±3144.0) compared with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0) and patients without nephropathy(645.0±251.0)(P<0.001). 3) There were a significant correlation between BUN, creatinine, creatinine clearance, 24hr urine total protein and urine fibronectin level in diabetic patients. Our data suggest that urine fibronectin excretion level might be used as a sensitive guide for diabectic nephropathy.

전기도금에 의한 알루미늄의 박막 제조 및 그 특성에 관한 연구

孫太源,趙漢相 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

용융탄산염 연료전지(Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ; MCFC)는 최근 10년간 제 3세대 연료전지로써 활발한 개발 중에 있다. MCFC는 고온에서 작동하므로 반응속도가 빨라 고가의 촉매가 필요 없으며 다량의 폐열회수가 가능하지만, 고온에서 작동되므로 전극재료의 부식문제나 기계적 안정성, 전해질의 관리문제 등의 문제점등이 대두되고 있다. MCFC의 스테인레스강으로 된 분리판의 부식문제 해결은 현재도 많은 관심사가 되고 있다. 특히 wet seal부위에 대한 부식을 방지하기 위하여 주로 스테인레스강에 알루미늄 박막을 코팅하는 기술이 요구되고 있으며, 그 방법으로는 용융도금, Plasma spray, PVD, DVD, 전기도금 등이 있다. 이 방법들 중 용융염 전기도금의 경우, 적절한 알루미늄의 전기도금을 위해 알맞은 전해질을 선택하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 aluminum-chloride-alkali melt 전해질과 유기용매를 제조하여 각 전해질의 전기화학적 특성에 대해 실험을 하였다. 선형전류전압법을 사용하여 알루미늄 환원 기작을 연구하였고 용융염 전해질에서 stainless steel으로 알루미늄의 확산계수가 D_(0)=2.98×10^(-10) ㎠/sec, 유기용매 전해질에서 D_(0)=6.41×10^(-9) ㎠/sec 임을 알수 있었다. 또한 10mA/㎠의 전류 밀도로 전기도금을 시행한 결과 알루미늄 도금층을 확인할 수 있었다. The molten carbonate fuel cell(MCFC) has been under intensive development during the last decade as second generation fuel cell. It has high reaction rate, need not expensive catalyst and, can recover heat of large quantity. But high operating temperature results in many troubles such as corrosion of electrode material, maintenance of electrolytes, etc. Corrosion of wet seal area that made of stainless steel is very important. For the corrosion protection of wet seal area, techniques that coating stainless steel with aluminum film are required. These coating techniques are molten plating, plasma spray, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition and electrodeposition(electroplating), etc. In case of molten salt electroplating among these techniques, suitable electrolyte is selected for pertinent electroplating of aluminum. In this study, we prepared aluminum chloride-alkali chloride melt electrolyte and organic electrolyte. We proceeded to experiment using them for electrochemical characterist of each electrolyte. A detail study of the aluminum reduction mechanism was carried out using the electrochemical methods of linear sweep voltammetry. The solid state diffusion coefficient of aluminum into the stainless steel was evaluated and found to be D_(0)=2.98 x 10^(-10) ㎠/sec in molten salt electrolyte and D_(0)=6.41 x 10^(-9) ㎠/sec in organic electrolyte. In addition, electroplating reaction using galvanostatic method progressed toward cathodic direction(10 mA/㎠) and aluminum plating layer was observed.

2007년 대한감염학회 권장 성인 예방접종 권장안

강진한,김홍빈,손장욱,이상오,정문현,정희진,최영화,최정현,최준용,최희정 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

In 2007, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases recommended an immunization schedule for adults residing in Korea. This recommendation includes four categories: standard immunization for healthy persons, supplementary immunization for persons with underlying illnesses, recommendations for health-care personnel and for international travelers. The Standard Immunization Schedule consists of universal vaccination (tetanus-diphtheria/tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Td/Tdap); hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 20s; human papilloma virus vaccine for women under 26 years old; meningococcal vaccine for military recruits and college students in dormitories; influenza vaccination for persons aged 50 years or more and pregnant women; and pneumococcal vaccination for persons aged 65 years or more) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 30s; hepatitis B vaccine, varicella and MMR vaccines for persons who have uncertain specific immunities). The Supplementary Immunization Schedule recommends 4 vaccines, i.e., pneumococcal, influenza, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, appropriate to the underlying illnesses, and confirmation of the presence of antibodies to hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The Recommendation for Health-Care Personnel includes universal vaccination (influenza and pertussis) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and varicella for seronegative health-care personnel). The Recommended Immunization for International Travelers focuses reinforcement of vaccinations for healthy persons and includes certain immunizations necessary for international travel (yellow fever, meningococcal, plaque, tick-borne encephalitis, and cholera). These guidelines can be seen at www.ksid.or.kr.

역행적 골수정 삽입술을 이용한 대퇴골 과상부 골절의 치료

권진우,신승호,조원호,성기호,김기환,손경태,이상훈,박세원,배종문,권태우 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Imidazole이 내독소에 의한 Shock폐에 미치는 효과

최재유,이상한,한치동,곽정식,손태중 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1991 慶北醫大誌 Vol.32 No.2

Thromboxane synthetase 억제제인 imidazole이 내독소에 의한 쇽폐에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 토끼에 내독소 4.0㎎/㎏을 정맥으로 투여한 후 1, 4 및 8시간에, 그리고 내독소 4.0㎎/㎏을 정맥으로 투여한 직후 imidazole 50㎎/㎏/2hr의 양으로 2시간마다 정맥으로 투여하면서 내독소 투여후 1, 4 및 8시간에 각각 3마리씩 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 그 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 내독소 투여후에는 Ⅰ형 폐포세포 표면의 불규칙화, 내피세포의 종창 및 간질의 부종이 일어났으며 이는 내독소 투여후 4∼8시간에 가장 현저하였다. 내독소 및 imidazole 병합투여군에서는 4시간 이후 내피세포의 종창과 간질의 부종이 일어났으며 그 정도는 내독소 단독투여군에 비해 경하였다. 이상의 소견으로 보아 thromboxane A_2의 합성 억제는 내독소에 의한 폐상해를 상당히 경감시킨다고 인정된다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of imidazole, known as a inhibitor of thromboxane synthetase, on shock lung induced by E. coli endotoxin. White rabbits were intravenously injected 4.0㎎/㎏ of E. coli O26:B6 lypopolysaccharide. The lungs were observed 1, 4, 10 hours after injection. The other rabbits were given same dose of endotoxin simultaneously with imidazole, 50㎎/㎏ continously injections. The results were summarized as follows: After endotoxin injection, irregularity of the surface of type Ⅰ appeared. These changes were more pronounced 4 to 8 hours after injection. In the lungs of endotoxin and imidazole injected group, endothelial swelling and interstitial edema occurred 4 hours after injections. But these changes were mild in degree compared to endotoxin injected group. From these results, it is concluded that inhibition of thromboxane A_2 synthesis can suppress the endothelial injury and pulmonary edema induced by endotoxin.

전기손상으로 인한 심장질환자의 회복 1례

장문준,황태식,최성욱,김인병,손대곤,조광현,이한식 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

An unconscious 20 year old male carried into the emergency department after an electric shock injury 20 minutes earlier. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was undertaken when asystole appeared on the electrocardiograph monitor. A 12-lead electrocardiograph was taken when in that myocardial infarction was found after performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation on an electrical injury patient. We present out case's electrocardiographs with echocardio-graphic findings and radionuclide imaging studies.