정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

세라믹 분리막을 이용한 염료용액 처리에서의 역세척 효과

양정목,김현기,이병환,김상용,김지형 경희대학교 2004 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

The composition of wastewater from dyeing and textile industry is highly variable depending on the dyestuff type. generally the wastewater has high levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and color. The decolorization, Total Organic carbon (TOC) removal and petnleate flux used were examined using reactive yellow 84 as dye and ceramic membrane process. On addition, dye particle size distribution, clean water flux and Molecular Weight Cut-Off (MWCO) were measured. The backflushing results show that best permeate flux was obtained when backflushing was performed 3 seconds every 2 minutes at A bar from the pei meaty side. the backflushing frequency and pulse were the most important factors affecting the permeate flux.

제주도 북부해역 해양표면열수지의 계절변동

양성기,이병걸 제주대학교 해양연구소 1996 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.20 No.-

To investigate seasonal variations of sea surface heat flux in 1995 and 1996. we calculated the sea sur-face heat flux based on Elliott's model(1991) using the oceanic and meterorological data given by Marine Research Institute, Cheju National University. The calculated results showed that the plus heat flux hap pened during summer(June, July, August) while the minus one in wintedDecember. January, February). The minus value changed to the plus one during spring. However plus value changed to the minus one during autumn. And during observation periods from 1995 to 1996, the averaged minus heat flux was larger than the plus one. It can be explained that the heat flux in Cheju Island are strongly related to the warm current system near Cheju Island.

능동인덕터의 인덕턴스 변화를 이용한 MMIC VCO 설계

양승인,김병성 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

In this paper we designed VCO with active inductors using MMIC method which promises samll chip size by high integration and low cost. In a typical MMIC VCO off-chip varactor diode is used to control oscillation frequency. But our MMIC VCO was designed with active inductor, so all elements could be integrated in a chip. To use active inductor, we designed two types of active inductors. One topology is composed of cascoded FET and feedback resistor and its characteristics are constant inductance and low Q value because of large resistance. The other consists of cascode FET and feedback FET, and its characteristics are variable inductance value with frequency adn high Q value thanks to small resistance. Also we could adjust active inductor's inductance by external voltage and applied the characteristics to MMIC VCO. The MMIC VCO was designed to meet initial oscillation condition, that makes us design resonator and output matching circuit easily. And we did nonlinear analysis by HBM (Harmonic Balance Method). The circuit design and layout were done with HP-EEsof's Libra, layout tool and simulatable Artwork library which was developed in M/W Lab. Soong Sil Univ. We considered not only the parasitic effects of FETs , TERs, Spiral inductors, MIM capacitors, but also the connections between components as transmission lines. Finally designed MMIC VCO using active inductor has the oscillation frequency bandwidth 1,872GHz-1,932GHz. In this paper, we desinged MMIC VCO for PCS using active inductor. So, oscillation frequency was controlled by external voltage and all elements could be integrated in a chip. As a results the layout chip size becomes 2.5 mm x 2.0 mm which is samller than one of off-chip varactor diode method and the MMIC VCO would be able to reduce cost for PCS receiver thanks to its small chip size.

악교정 수술후 자가통증조절장치(Patient-Controlled Analgesia)의 사용 효과에 관한 연구

양병은,유준영,송상훈,엄기훈 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1999 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.21 No.4

The concept of PCA(Patient Controlled Analgesia) was first described in 1968, by Sechzer. The earliest descriptions of actual self-administered PCA machines were by Forrest et al. In gastric bypass surgery, cesarian section, orthopedic surgery etc, PCA is widely used in the control of postoperative pain. Previous Studies have shown that PCA provides effective pain-control for the postoperative patient. The postoperative pain-control is a problem that should be solved in surgery. Especially in orthognathic surgery, it is not same as in the case of maxillofacial trauma surgery or of tumor surgery : most orthognathic surgery patients are under operation not accustomed to pains, and difficulties in pain-complaint due to IMF(Intermaxillary fixation), postoperative nausea, and vomiting are additional problem. In this study, we have compared PCA and IM analgesics with respect not only to time request but also to the quality of postoperative pain control.

언어행위의 형식적 특성을 밝히기 위한 기초연구

양병환,민형원,홍성기,정승아 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1998 精神健康硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Haloperidol Decanoate치료중인 정신분열증 환자의 혈청 할로페리돌 농도에 관한 연구

양병환,고용철,김광일,강보경,이경옥,신호상 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1997 精神健康硏究 Vol.16 No.-

韓國産 납자루亞科의 遺傳的 變異 및 系統分類學的 硏究

梁瑞榮,朴炳相 全北大學校 生物學硏究所 1982 生物學硏究年報 Vol.3 No.-

Genic variation and genetic similarities among eleven species of the subfamily Acheilognathinae (Cyprinidae) were analysed, by means of starch gel electrophoresis, in order to estimate their phylogenetic relationships and to estimate the degree of genic variation in each species. A sum of 222 individuals from 10 geographic areas representing 24 population was used in this experiment. Among 222 specimens, 5 specimens of each species were used for species comparison and rest were used for the estimation of degree of genic variation in each population. The results are as follows : 1. Rogers' genetic similarity coefficients (S) between Rhodeus suigensis and R. atermius was S=0.961. Therefore it is assumed that these two species are conspecific and probably R. atremius was misidentified, i.e. R. atremius is R. suigensis, as suggested by Kim(1982). 2. Acheilognathus signifer and A. limbata were treated as synonym by kim(1982) based on morphological similaritics but the present data show that they might be two good species since S value between these two is S=0.687 and this value is low enough to treat as two independent species (Avise and Smith, 1977). 3. Dendrogram of eleven species of the Acheilognathinae fish shows three species groups based on the genetic level. Therfore we suggest the following tentative classification. Genus Acanthorhodeus qracilis Genus Acheilognathus intermedia limbata signifer Genus Rhodeus suigensis uyekii ocellatus rhombea yamatsutae asmussi However, further intensive survey would be required to verify this classification since we had no adequate sample size to convince this result. 4. Dgree of genic variation of the subfamily Acheilognathinae, expressed by % polymorphism and heterozygosity, was very low compare to other fish groups (Selander, 1976). Probable causes of this are not known but partially it may be due to the small sample size invetigated.

左則 上두骨 및 頰骨에 發生한 殲維性 骨異形成症의 治驗例

梁棟奎,朴相俊,金秉民,金基元,金鍾烈 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1990 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.12 No.3

Fibrous dysplasia is an idiopathic skeletal disorder in which medullary bone is replaced and disturbed by poorly organized, structually unsound fibroosseous tissue, which may produce cortical expansion. When facial bones are involed, considerable esthetic deformity may result. The term monostotic fibrous dysplasia has been applied when one bone is involved : when more than one bone is affected, the term polyostotic used. The polyostotic form may be accomplished by pigmented skin lesion (Jaffe type), or by pigmented skin lesions with endocrine disturbance (Albright syndrome). No general agreement exists on the cause of fibrous dysplasia. A few authors have suggested that fibrous dysplasia arises as a resujlt of trauma. It occurs predominantly in infant, adolescent females and runs a variable clinical course. When several bones are involed, it tends to be unilateral. Involements of alveolar bone may produce displacement of teeth with malocclusion, or loss of teeth, or both. Radiographycally, ti shows an indistinctly delimited osteolytic defect with a bubble - like pattern, but without a sclerotic rim. The preferred treatment is almost always surgery. If the lesion is extensive, surgical intervention with use of recontouring procedures aimed at the correction of esthetic or funtional disturbances is preferred treatment. Now, we present a case of fibrous dysplasia on the left maxilla and the zygoma treated by bony contourign via hemicoronal flap and intraoral approach with good results.

탄화수소에 의한 NO의 선택적 촉매 환원 반응에서 Pt/MCM-48 촉매의 반응 메커니즘에 관한 연구

양재승,이성철,장재훈,이병용,정석진 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.4

기본형의 Si-MCM-48에 알루미늄 치환량과 귀금속 담지량의 변화에 따라 다양한 촉매를 제조하였고, 이를 탄화수소에 의한 선택적 촉매 환원(HC-SCR)반응에 적용하여 각각의 NO 환원반응 특성을 비교 고찰하였다. Pt/MCM-48 촉매의 NO 환원 활성을 고찰한 결과, 문헌상 보고 되고 있는 Pt/ZSM-5 촉매를 이용한 NO의 제거 활성과 비교하여 매우 우수한 결과를 보였다. 또한 5 vol% 이하의 산소 조건에서 그 활성이 현저하였으며, 특이하게 최고 활성에 도달한 후에 반응온도가 600℃까지 증가하여도 계속하여 그 활성을 유지하였다. XRD, TPD, TGA, XPS 등의 특성화를 통해 촉매의 표면 특성 및 반응 mechanism에 관한 연구를 수행하였으며, 이러한 결과로부터 Pt/MCM-48 촉매가 기존 촉매보다 일정 산소 조건에서 우수한 성능을 보이는 것은 담체의 표면 산특성과 촉매 고유의 redox mechanism에 기인한 것으로 해석하였다. Pt supported on MCM-48 was tested as a new catalyst for hydrocarbon-SCR process. MCM-48 is a new support material of the catalyst for SCR. Characterization and de-NO, activity test were performed for the newly synthesized MCM-48-supported catalysts. Pt(l wt%)/MCM-48 showed 90% of NO reduction at 250-500℃. It should be concluded, from what has been said above, that Pt/MCM-48 catalysts showed higher NO reduction conversion than zeolite based catalyst, and it was not affected by 5 vol% O₂ concentration and water vapor addition. It would be supposed that sustention of activity in that oxygen condition might be caused by surface acidic characteristic and its characteristic redox mechanism.