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고온가열 살균처리가 굴 통조림의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향
공청식,강수태,김종태,오광수 경상대학교 해양산업연구소 2002 해양산업연구소보 Vol.15 No.-
보다 품질이 우수한 굴 통조림을 제조하기 위한 기초 자료를 제시할 목적으로, 원료 굴을 자숙한 후 301-3관에 충전, 밀봉하여 115℃에서 Fo값이 5~2O 되도록 가열살균처리를 하였으며 이같은 가열살균처리가 내용물의 물리적, 이화학적 성분의 변화 및 관능적 변화 등과 같은 굴 통조림의 전반적인 품질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. 제품의 수율은 Fo값이 증가할수록 약간씩 감소하였고, 수율은 79.2~83.7% 정도였다 가열처리중 시료 굴 통조림의 pH는 별 변화를 보이지 않았고, 휘발성 염기질소는 원료 굴의 육 성분이 분해되어 휘발성 염기성분이 생성됨에 따라 열처리정도에 따라 상당량 증가하였다. 원료 굴의 주요 구성지방산은 14:0, 16:0, 18:In9, 20:5n3 및 22:6n3 으로서, 고온가열처리를 많이 받을수록 포화 및 모노엔산의 조성비는 약간씩 증가한 반면 플리엔산은 약간씩 감소하였다. 고도불포화지방산의 잔존율 역시 Fo값이 증가할수륵 상당히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 시료 굴 통조림의 정미성분 중 유리아미노 산류는 자숙 및 가압 살균시 수분이 유출됨에 따라 처음에는 상당량 감소하였으나, 이후 열처리가 진행될수록 약간씩 증가하였다. Tau의 경우는 Fo값이 증가할수록 계속 감소하였다. Betaine은 생굴에 400.6 mg/100g으로 다량 함유되어 있었으며, 고온가열처리 중 상당량 감소하였다. 엑스분 중의 주요 무기이온성분은 Na, K, Mg 및 P 이었으며, 이들은 고온가열처리 중 Fo값이 증가할수록 상당량 감소하여 Fo 20 시료의 경우 대부분 무기이온성분들이 생굴에 비해 1/3 정도로 감소하였다. 조직감면에서는 고온에서의 열처리로 인한 조직의 연화보다는 가압에 따른 수분의 유출과 압착으로 인해 조직이 단단해지는 것으로 나타났다. 가열처리에 따른 굴 통조림의 관능적 특성의 변화에서 색조는 Fo값이 증가할수록 약간씩 갈변화되었고, 냄새는 가열처리를 많이 받을수록 대체로 좋은 평가를 받았다. 맛과 조직감은 가열처리의 정도에 따른 차이를 인지할 수 없었으며, 종합평가면에서 Fo 5~15시료간에는 유의적 차이가 인정되지 않았다. The boiled-oyster vacuum-packed in cylindrical can(No. 303-3) were thermally processed at 115℃ to reach Fo values of 5~20 min changes in food components and sensory evaluation of canned oyster by thermal processing at high temperature were investigated. The moisture contents of canned oyster meat decreased with the increasing of Fo values at 115℃, while crude protein contents relatively increased. The yield was slightly decreased with the increasing of Fo values(79.2 ~83.7% degrees), and volatile basic nitrogen(VBN) contents increased markedly with the increasing of Fo value. In fatty acid composition of canned oyster, the composition ratio of saturates and monoenes such as 14:0, 16:0 and 18:In9 increased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids such as 20:5n3 and 22:6n3 decreased with the increasing of Fo value. In taste compounds, content of total free amino acid in raw oyster was 1,533.5 mg%, and this total content was slightly increase(1,140.8 mg%~l,266.2 mg% degrees) with the increasing of Fo values. The major free amino acids of canned oyster were Tau, Glu, Asp, Ala and Cys. But contents of betaine and ionic minerals such as Na, K, Mg and P decreased markedly by thermal processing at l15℃. As compared with Fo 5 min heat treatment; Fo 20 min heat treatment at 115'c became more hardened in texture of oyster meat. In sensory evaluations on organoleptic characteristics, no significant difference was observed among the canned oyster heated at Fo 5, 10 and 15 min.
T cell epitope 차폐에 의한 b_(4) peptide 면역응답방응에 대한 연구
최정순,이희종,공수강,리투,류용구,김효준 한양대학교 이학기술연구소 2005 이학기술연구지 Vol.8 No.-
Apo B-100 is a constitutive component of low density lipoprotein (LDL) of which functions in packaging, transport and absorption of lipids Extortive binding of anti B_(4)-antibody onto the Apo B-100 should inhibited the functions of Apo B-100 Previously we had showed that the peptide B_(4) induced antibodies recognized Apo B-100 and thus elicited anti-obesity effect In this study we compared the efficacy of antibody inducing immune responses by introducing additional peptides fused to the C-termninal of B_(4) peptide We constructed TB_(4) hybride peptide of B_(4) with preS2 of HBV and B_(4)N another epitope orientation of chimeric TB_(4) Among these three artificial peptides B_(4)N was the most efficient inducer of the antibody against B_(4) These result explains that the B cell epitope and T-helper cell epitope orientation is very important factor to determine the antigenicity to humoral immunity. Apo B-100은 LDL에서 지방을 포장, 흡수, 운반하는 기능을 수행하는 단백질이다. Apolipoprotein B-100(Apo B-100)에 대한 특이 항체의 결합은 LDL의 정상 기능을 방해한다. 선행 실험에서 Apo B-100의 모조 펩타이드인 B_(4)가 Apo-B-100을 교차 인식하는 항체를 유도하고, 비만 억제 효과를 나타내는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에서 B_(4)펩타이드의 C-terminal부분에 펩타이드를 융합, 첨가하므로 면역반응에서 항체유도의 면역응답반응에 어떠한 효과를 나타내는지 비교해 보고자 하였다. B_(4)펩타이드의 N-말단에 HBV의preS2 펩티드를 융합시킨 B_(4)T의 N-말단데 또다른 B세포 에피도프 펩티드를 융합시킨 B_(4)N을 작성하였다, 세종류의 하이브리드 펩타이드 중에서 B_(4)N이 B_(4)에 대한 항체유도능이 가장 효율적이다,. 이상의 결과로 B cell epitope과 T-helper cell epitope의 방향성이 체액성 면역 반응에서 항원유도능을 결정하는 중요한 요소임을 확인하였다.
Roles of RUNX1 and PU.1 in <i>CCR3</i> Transcription
Kong, Su-Kang,Kim, Byung Soo,Hwang, Sae Mi,Lee, Hyune Hwan,Chung, Il Yup 한국조명·전기설비학회 2016 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol. No.
<P>CCR3 is a chemokine receptor that mediates the accumulation of allergic inflammatory cells, including eosinophils and Th2 cells, at inflamed sites. The regulatory sequence of the <I>CCR3</I> gene, contains two Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) 1 sites and two PU.1 sites, in addition to a functional GATA site for transactivation of the <I>CCR3</I> gene. In the present study, we examined the effects of the cis-acting elements of RUNX1 and PU.1 on transcription of the gene in EoL-1 eosinophilic cells and Jurkat T cells, both of which expressed functional surface CCR3 and these two transcription factors. Introduction of RUNX1 siRNA or PU.1 siRNA resulted in a modest decrease in <I>CCR3</I> reporter activity in both cell types, compared with transfection of GATA-1 siRNA. Cotransfection of the two siRNAs led to inhibition in an additive manner. EMSA analysis showed that RUNX1, in particular, bound to its binding motifs. Mutagenesis analysis revealed that all point mutants lacking RUNX1- and PU.1-binding sites exhibited reduced reporter activities. These results suggest that RUNX1 and PU.1 participate in transcriptional regulation of the <I>CCR3</I> gene.</P>
Kong, Su-Kang,Kim, Byung Soo,Uhm, Tae Gi,Lee, Wonyong,Lee, Gap Ryol,Park, Choon-Sik,Lee, Chul-Hoon,Chung, Il Yup The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2013 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.190 No.11
<P>The chemokine receptor CCR3 is expressed in prominent allergic inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, and Th2 cells. We previously identified a functional GATA element within exon 1 of the <I>CCR3</I> gene that is responsible for GATA-1–mediated <I>CCR3</I> transcription. Because allergic inflammatory cells exhibit distinct expression patterns of different GATA factors, we investigated whether different GATA factors dictate <I>CCR3</I> transcription in a cell type–specific manner. GATA-2 was expressed in EoL-1 eosinophilic cells, GATA-1 and GATA-2 were expressed in HMC-1 mast cells, and GATA-3 was preferentially expressed in Jurkat cells. Unlike a wild-type <I>CCR3</I> reporter, reporters lacking the functional GATA element were not active in any of the three cell types, implying the involvement of different GATA factors in <I>CCR3</I> transcription. RNA interference assays showed that small interfering RNAs specific for different GATA factors reduced <I>CCR3</I> reporter activity in a cell type–specific fashion. Consistent with these findings, chromatin immunoprecipitation and EMSA analyses demonstrated cell type–specific binding of GATA factors to the functional GATA site. More importantly, specific inhibition of the <I>CCR3</I> reporter activity by different GATA small interfering RNAs was well preserved in respective cell types differentiated from cord blood; in particular, GATA-3 was entirely responsible for reporter activity in Th2 cells and replaced the role predominantly played by GATA-1 and GATA-2. These results highlight a mechanistic role of GATA factors in which cell type–specific expression is the primary determinant of transcription of the <I>CCR3</I> gene in major allergic inflammatory cells.</P>
혈액응고 검사용 유리 CTAD 채혈관와 플라스틱 Sodium Citrate 채혈관의 비교
강수진 ( Su Jin Kang ),박정수 ( Jeong Su Park ),송윤경 ( Yoon Kyung Song ),공선영 ( Sun Yong Kong ),이도훈 ( Do Hoon Lee ) 대한임상검사과학회 2007 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.39 No.3
We evaluated the newly developed plastic sodium citrate tubes for routine coagulation test by direct comparison with glass citrate theophylline adenosine dipyridamole (CTAD) tubes. Blood was drawn from 100 patients into glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes. After collection, samples were centrifuged at 1500 ×g for 15 min at 22℃. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen were measured by using the Coagrex-800 (IRC, Japan). We used comparison plot by linear regression model and difference plot graphs to compare the results of the independent measurements of PT, aPTT, fibrinogen between glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes. On the comparison study between glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes, the correlation coefficients (R) were 0.99 for PT, 0.97 for aPTT and 0.97 for fibrinogen. This results implicated good correlation of each parameter between two tubes. Although the difference plot graph analysis showed statistically significant differences between glass and plastic tubes for PT, aPTT and fibrinogen, the range of difference was acceptable according to the CLSI/NCCLS guideline. The plastic sodium citrate tubes showed good correlation with the glass CTAD tubes, so it can substitute glass citrate tube for routine coagulation tests.