초·중·고등학교 학생, 학부모, 일반교사의 보건교육 요구

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2004 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify needs of health education of the students, parents, general teachers, and health teacher of the elementary, middle, and high schools. Method : 279 schools of elementary, middle, and high school were sampled nonproportionally during the period from June 28 to July 26, 2004 . The data were collected by the questionnaire from 1,888 students, 1,876 parents, 1,695 general teachers, 279 health teachers. A frequency, % and χ2-test were used to analysis by SAS program. Result : 1. It showed that 98.1% of elementary school students, 92.3% of middle school students, 89.6% of high school students answered that they need health education. The most of students, parents, and general teachers had high interests in health education. 2. In the case of students, main causes of needs of health education was 'to prevent diseases or accidents''. But parents answered that it was 'to build up a healthier behavior'. General teachers answered that it was 'more effective systematic and continuous health education'. 3. Over 80% of students, parents, and general teachers about the question of who qualified person is to teach health education as a regular class responded that health teacher is available. Especially 93% of elementary school students answered like that. 4. The most of students, parents, and general teachers answered that health education in the classroom is favorable 1 to 2 hours per week. Conclusion : As results of the study , the majority of students, parents, general teachers agreed needs of health education. Therefore, on the basis of this study, systematic and continuous health education is necessary. Additionally the establishment of independent health subject is required certainly.

초·중·고등학교 학생·학부모·일반교사의 보건교육 영역별 요구도와 보건교육

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of health education in students, their parents and teachers in the elementary, middle and high schools and the current situation of health education class. Method: The subjects of this study were a total of 9450 persons including students, their parents and teachers from 279 schools throughout the country. They were selected through convenient sampling. Data were analyzed through x^(2)­test and ANOVA. Result: Students, their parents and teachers replied that 18 dimensions of health education class (DHEC) are necessary. The four DHEC - healthier life style, sex education, mental health and safety education - showed high educational needs in students, their parents, and teacher. High school students had higher educational need of 'symptom management for daily living' than elementary and middle school students. Students, their parents and teachers in elementary school had higher educational needs of 17 DHEC that those in middle and high school. The percentages of schools with health education class taught by health teachers were 99.2%, 75.5% and 66.0% respectively in elementary, middle and high schools. Health education was given mainly using physical education classes at elementary schools, and creative class hours at middle and high schools. In general, health education took 1-3 hours per week at elementary schools, and less than an hour at middle and high schools. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the results, systematic health education class should begin from elementary school to meet the need of health education in students, their parents and teachers, and further study should be made on the number of hours required and the amount of contents of 18 DHEC.

Formulation Prediction for Young's Modulus of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) by Spectroscopic Methods

Cho Han Saem,Moon Heh‐Young,Lee Heung Soon,Kim Yong Tae,Jeoung Sae Chae 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.9

In this work, we refer to the fraction of hydrides and vinyl groups consumed in cross-linking reaction as a variation of the properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with varying the formulation of a curing agent from 3.2 wt % to 50 wt %. Young’s modulus, density, and refractive indices of PDMS were observed to have a maxima at a formulation of about 10 wt % of cross linker. The intensity of the Raman band for the Si H stretching mode in cross-linker is almost zero if the cross-linking agent is less than 10 wt %, but it is linearly increasing with increasing the content of cross-linker. The dependence of the elastic modulus on the formulation could be explained in terms of the fraction of cross-linked network. The analytical framework proposed in this work could be used for optimizing the formulation of PDMS and hence its properties can be tailored for specific applications.

HIV 감염자에 대한 달팽이 엑기스의 혈액면역학적 효과

조영걸,이희정,오원일,강은숙,김은순,김영봉,조양자,조군제 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

A unique sialic-acid-binding lectin from giant African snail Achatina fulica(AF) has a T cell mitogenicity. It was also noted that acetone extracts of AF have a anti-HIV effect in vitro. Thirty HIV-infected individuals(HIV+) were treated with AF extract(40% Chunho extract) for average 5. 5 months. Peripheral blood sampling and questionnaire were done every month after take. There was a significant decrease of WBC from 4 months after take. As a result, lymphocyte counts also decreased(P<0.01). However, there was a significant increase of CD4+T cell percentage from 1 month(P<0.01). The mean increase of CD4+T cell count was significant for first one month(39/pl)(P<0.05). Body weight also increased significantly(P<0.05). Over 90% HIV+ ex-pressed symptomatic improvement and wanted to be treated with AF extract continuously after the end of this study. In one HIV+ treated with AF for 19 months, the increases of CD4+T cell percentage and counts over 11 times after AF extract take were mean 67% and 85%, respectively, compared to baseline value. These data strongly suggest that aqueous AF extract has a immune enhancing effect on HN+.

부산지역 무균성 뇌막염 원인 바이러스의 분리 및 동정 : 1998년을 중심으로

김영희,정영기,김기순,지영미,윤재득,김병준,구평태,민상기,정구영,김만수,조경순 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The incidence of aseptic meningitis infection is ensuing and threatening the health of children. Enteroviruses are the major agents of aseptic meningitis and identification of virus has been a clue to diagnosis and epidemiology. The outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in Pusan, 1998. Patients were concentrated from April through November. Children were more susceptible than adults. Among 306 cases of specimens from stool, throat swab tested, only 7.2% were positive on virus isolation, 12 cases from stool and 10 from throat, respectively. All isolated 7 serotypes of viruses represented cytopathic effect on cultured cells. Three types of echovirus 6, 25, 30 and coxsackievirus B2, B3, B4, B6 were identified by neutralizing anti body test. Isolated coxsackievirus and echovirus were observed by an electron microscope with negative staining.

서울지역 여대생들의 떡에 대한 인식 및 섭취 실태 조사

김영순,오순덕,김향미,신지홍,김현경,배유미,조규영,조성환 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

This study conducted a survey of the improvement and popularization for Korea Rice Cakes, a Korean traditional food, on two hundred women students in five colleges in Seoul, Korea. It was investigated to get the information of the recognition, preference, and consumption patterns for the succession and improvement of Korean Rice Cakes. The results are as follows: 1. A portion of 41.5% among responders knows from three to six kinds of Korean Rice Cakes, and of 28% can make at least one among the kinds of Korean Rice Cakes. 2. A portion of 91% recognizes that Korean Rice Cakes are one of well-nourished food, but of 42% answers that Korean Rice Cakes cannot be replaced with the principle food. Also, there are no significant differences in the recognition of Korean Rice Cakes as the kinds of religions. 3. The frequency of purchase is about one or twice in a month (35.5%). Consumers (36.5%) intend to purchase Korean Rice Cakes for the commemoration of national holidays or anniversaries. 4. The reasons for the preference of other foods more than Korean Rice Cakes are the easiness of purchase (36.0%), the deliciousness (21.5%), the diverse kindness (17.5%), and the proper package (9.5%). It is important that constant and particular school / home education is need to improve and success Korean Rice Cakes.

블리스터 시험법을 이용한 열증착 금박막의 기계적 성질 측정

문호정,함순식,엄윤용,조영호,Moon, Ho-Jeong,Ham, Soon-Sik,Earmme, Yun-Young,Cho, Young-Ho 대한기계학회 1996 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.20 No.3

Mechanical properties, including Young's modulus, residual stress and rupture strength, of a thermally evaporated gold film have been measured form a blister test. In a theoretical study, the priniple of minimum potential energy and that of virtual work have been applied to the pressurized circular membrane problem, and load-deflection relations have been derived for typical membrane deflection mode of spheroidal shape. In an experimental study, circular gold membranes of 4800 A-thickness and 3.5mm diameter were fabricated by the silicon electropolishing technique. Mecahnical properties of the thin gold films were deduced from the load-deflection curves obtained by the blister test, Young's moduli, obtianed from blister test, have been in the range of 45-70 GPa, while those of bulk gold have been in the range of 78-80 GPa. Residual stresses in the evaporated gold films have been measured as 28-110MPa in tension, The rupture strength of the gold film has turned out to be almost equal to that of dental gold alloy (310-380MPa). It has been demonstrated that the present specimen fabrication method and blister test apparatus have been effective for simultaneous measurement of Young's modulus, residual stress and repture strength of thin solid films. Especially, the electropolishing technique employed here has provided a simple and practical way to fabricate thin membranes in a circular or an arbitrary shape, which could not be obtained by the conventional anisotropic silicon mecromachining technique.

인터넷 이용 환경, 개인적 스트레스와 대처양식, 가정환경, 부모양육태도가 문제적 인터넷 사용 청소년군에 미치는 영향

조인희(In Hee Cho),김순재(Soon Jae Kim),장은영(Eun young Jang),정건(Gun Jung),서동혁(Dong Hyuck Suh) 대한사회정신의학회 2002 사회정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

연구목적: 최근 수년사이 인터넷 이용인구의 폭발적인 증가와 더불어 인터넷의 문제적 사용과 연관된 개인의 기능영역, 가정생활, 사회적 영역에서의 문제가 점차 증대되고 있다. 이에 인터넷 사용에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다음의 세가지 요인, 즉 인터넷 사용 장소 (환경적 요인), 개인의 스트레스와 대처양식(개인적 요인), 가족의 분위기와 부모양육태도(가정 요인)가 문제적 인터넷 사용에 미치는 영향을 평가하고 이를 통하여 적절한 치료적 개입을 찾고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 남녀 고등학생 795명을 대상으로 먼저 인터넷 사용장소에 따른 인터넷 사용실태 설문조사를 시행하여 사용 장소에 따라 인터넷의 문제적 사용의 정도 및 성향의 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 두번째로 Young의 인터넷 중독척도를 사용하여 대상군을 중독 군과 비중독군으로 구분한 뒤 스트레스 척도, 대처양식 척도, 가정환경척도 중 관계영역척도, 부모양육행동척도를 실시하여 이러한 변인들이 인터넷 중독에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 결 과: 집에서 인터넷을 사용하는 군이 PC방을 이용하는 군보다 유의하게 높은 중독점수를 보였으며 인터넷을 시작한 시기는 더 늦은데 반해서 사용빈도나 사용시간이 유의하게 더 높았고 사용조절에서도 더 많은 어려움을 보였다. 중독수준에 따른 각 요인들의 비교분석결과 중독군 남학생에서 스트레스 점수가 유의하게 높았으며 대처양식에서 중독군이 비중독군에 비해 행동적극적 대처와 회피적 대처가 유의하게 높았다. 가정환경척도에서 중독군의 가족간 결합력, 표현력점수는 유의하게 낮고 갈등점수는 유의하게 높았으며 부모양육행동에서 중독군이 아버지의 합리적 설명과 애정은 적고, 부모 모두의 비일관성, 과잉기대, 과잉간섭, 학대와 방치하는 양육행동이 유의하게 더 높았다. 결 론: 본 연구 결과 PC방보다는 집에서 인터넷을 사용하는 청소년들이 인터넷의 문제적 사용으로 이행될 수 있는 빈도나 사용행태 에서의 문제점들이 더 많이 드러나는 바 부모들의 적절한 감독과 관심이 요구되며 중독군에서 일상에서 지각되는 개인의 스트 레스는 높으나 대처양식에서는 부정적, 회피적 전략을 많이 사용하며 가정환경이나 부모양육태도에서도 부정적이고 비지지적 환경을 일관되게 보고하고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 청소년의 문제적 인터넷 사용 자체를 문제시하고 금지하기 이전에 개인의 스트레스 요인을 살피고 부모, 가족이 지지적 환경을 제공하도록 돕는 것이 인터넷 사용상의 문제에 대한 포괄적이고 일차예방적 효과를 가질 것으로 기대된다. Objectives:This study was intended to investigate the influences of the place for internet use, perceived stress, copying style, family support, parenting behavior on maladaptation in the adolescents with problematic internet use. Methods:The subjects of this study were 795 high school students in Incheon. They completed self-report questionnaires containing Questionnaires designed by authors, Young’s Internet Addiction Scales, Scales for the Perceived Stress, Copying Style, relationship sub-scales of Family Environment Scale and Parenting Behavior Inventory. Results: 1) Compared with the PC bang users, personal computer users at home had significantly higher mean addiction scores, spent more time for internet use, and had more difficulty with self-control. 2) Addictors, especially male addictors had significantly higher stress scores than non-addictors. 3) Addictors had significantly higher behavioral coping scores and avoidant coping scores than non-addictors. 4) Addictors had significantly higher family conflict scores, lower family cohessiveness scores and lower family expression scores than non-addictors. 5) Addictors experienced significantly less affection and reasoning from their father than non addictors. In addition, addictiors perceived significantly more physical abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, inconstancy from both parents than non addictors. Conclusion:Compared with the PC bang users, personal computer user had higher risk for problematic internet use. So they need more parent monitoring and help. Addictors had more daily stress, but used avoidant strategy to cope their stress and experienced less supportive family environment and negative parenting behavior than non-addictors. We recommend that parents pay attention to their adolescent’s stress factors and make effort to give the supportive environment and positive parenting behaviors.

노화가 인체 중간엽 줄기세포로부터 조골세포로의 증식 및 분화에 미치는 영향

백기현,태현정,오기원,이원영,조정기,권순용,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.3

연구배경: 일반적으로 골다공증과 연관된 위험인자로는 연령, 폐경, 약물, 불충분한 칼슘섭취, 만성질환 및 운동부족 등이 있는데, 특히 노화가 진행할수록 골밀도가 감소하는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 노화와 관련하여 진행되는 골소실은 조골세포 및 전구조골세포의 기능적 결핍에 의한 골형성의 감소가 주요한 요인으로 여겨지고 있다. 그 동안 연령이 조골모 세포의 양과 조골모 세포로부터 성숙조골세포로의 분화 및 증식에 미치는 영향에 대한 일부 보고들이 있었으나 아직 일치된 견해는 없는 형편이다. 방법: 다양한 연령의 사람으로부터 골수를 채취, 중간엽 줄기세포가 포함된 단핵세포를 분리한 후 조골세포로 분화하기 좋은 조건하에서 배양하였다. 대상군은다시 젊은군과 노령군으로 구분하여 다양한 변수를 비교 분석하였다. 일차배양에서는 CFU-F를 계수하여 골수내 중간엽 줄기세포의 수를 추산하였고, 칼슘측정을 통하여 기질의 무기화 정도를 비교하였다. 계대배양후 이차배양에서는 시기별로 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도를 측정하고 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하여 젊은군과 노령군 사이의 증식능 차이를 비교하였다. 또한 이차배양 시기별로 MTT 측정을 하여 양군간에 증식능 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 결과: 1. 일차배양 15일째에 평균 CFU-F의 수는 젊은군에서 유의하게 많았다(젊은군 148.3±28.9, 노령군 54.3±9.1, p=0.02). CFU-F의 평균면적은 젊은군에서 넓은 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 2. 일차배양 17일 경과 후 양군간에 기질 칼슘 침착정도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(젊은군 103.6±50.6, 노령군: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). 3. 이차배양 10일째에 젊은군에서 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도가 고령군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(젊은군: 935.5±115.0 U/mg, 노령군: 578.4±115.7U/mg,p.0.05). 고령군에서는 시간 경과에 따른 변화가 미약했으며 전반적으로 알카리성 포스파타제의 활성도가 젊은군에 비해 낮았다. 4. 이차배양도중 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현은 배양시기별로 젊은군에 비해 고령군에서 더 낮은 경향을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 이차배양 10일과 15일에 젊은군에서 노령군보다세포증식이 유의하게 증가된 양상을 보였다(10앓 젊은군 0.73±0.05, 노령군 0.58±0.04, p=0.05, 15일; 젊은군 0.80±0.05, 노령군 0.70±0.03, p=0.05).결론: 이상의 연구에서 저자들은 노령군에서 젊은군보다 골수 내 중간엽줄기세포의 수가 적고, 노령군에서 유래한 전구조골세포의 성숙조골세포로의 증식 및 분화가 젊은군 보다 감소해 있는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Background: Osteoblasts originate from osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow stroma, termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or bone marrow stromal cells. Each MSC forms colonies (colony forming units-fibroblasts [CFL-Fs]) when cultured ex vivo. There are some reports about the age-related changes of the number and osteogenic potential of osteoprogenitor cells, but any relationship has not been clearly established in humans. In this study, we counted MSCs using CFU-Fs count and examined the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells. Finally, we analyzed how these parameters varied with donor age. Methods: Bone marrow was obtained from the iliac crest of young (n=6, 27.2±8.6 years old) and old (n= 10, 57.4k6.7 years old) healthy donors. Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were isolated and cultured in osteogenic medium. In primary culture, we compared the colony-forming efficiency of MSCs between the two groups and determined the matrix calcification. When primary culture showed near confluence, the cells were subcultured. Alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression by RT-PCR and proliferative potential by MTT assay were examined by the time course of secondary culture. Results: At the 15th day of primary culture, the mean number of CFU-Fs was significantly higher in the younger donors (young: 148.3±28.9, old: 54.3±9.1, p=0.02) and the mean size of CFL-Fs was also larger in the younger donors than the older donors. However, matrix calcification was not different between the two groups (young: 103.6±50.6, old: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). In secondary culture, alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly lower in the older donors. The younger donors showed peak alkaline phosphatase activity at day 10, while the older donors didn't showed a remarkable peak (young: 935.5±115.OU/mg, old: 578.4±115.7U/mg, p<0.05). Total cell number as a proliferative index increased progressively during the secondary culture and a significantly greater cell number was noted in the younger donors. Osteocalcin expression was generally upregulated in the younger donors, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study shows that the number of osteoprogenitor cells is decreased during aging and that the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells seem to be reduced during aging (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:296-305, 2003).

영어 듣기 지도 학습법

조순영 한국현대영미어문학회 2001 The Journal of KACELLS Vol.6 No.1

One of the most difficult aspects of learning English is comprehending the pronunciation. This study attempts to explore main factors that make it difficult for Korean students to listen to the English language. The qualitative analysis based on observation of students who committed pronounciation errors in class is shown and compared in the full conviction that this study will make a contribution in improving their pronunciation. Especially by giving special attention to the rules of natural pronunciation and stress of words, students can be strongly motivated to improve English so that they can communicate confidently and strengthen the ability of listening comprehension. In this paper the language teaching method reflects recognition of the importance of Audio-lingual Method with emphasis on listening practice through audiovisual aids. And it is widely believed that communicative competence will ultimately be based on well developed listening comprehension.