계층적 평가요인 구조에서 요인 가중치 산정과 척도변환 방법에 관한 연구

홍순욱 永同大學校 1998 硏究論叢 Vol.4 No.1

평가요인에 대한 가중치 산정방법과 평가척도의 구성은 불확실성이 큰 대규모 프로젝트의 평가에 있어서 중요한 문제이다. 평가과정은 통상적으로 평가요인의 계층적 구조를 갖고 시작된다. 본 연구의 목적은 무차별곡선에 근거한 가중치 부여방법과 순위척도를 비율척도로 변환하는 척도변환 방법을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 중요도, 부족도, 그리고 프로젝트의 효과를 벡터공간에서 고려하는 세 가지의 새로운 개념을 도입한다. 이를 사용하여 본 연구에서 새로운 가중치 부여의 설정구조를 제안한다. 또한 변수변환법을 사용하여 어떻게 순위척도가 비율척도로 변환될 수 있는가를 보인다. 본 연구의 결과를 응용한다면, 프로젝트 평가에 있어서 가중치 부여와 척도화의 문제를 적은 비용으로, 보다 간단하고 실용적으로 취급될 수 있을 것이다. How to weigh factors and how to construct scales are of importance in evaluating large-scaled projects that involve high uncertainty. An evaluation process usually begins with a hierarchical structure of evaluation factors. The purposes of this study are to develop a weighting method based on indifference curves, and to propose a scale transformation method that converts ordinal scales into ration scales. Theoretically, we introduce three new concepts: The degree of importance, the degree of insufficiency, and a vector space for the effect of a project. Based on these concepts, a new weighting method is proposed. We also employ a mathematical technique to illustrate how ordinal scales can be transformed into ratio scales. In short, this paper implies that we can deal with the two major problems of weighting and scaling in project evaluation more simply and practically at the lower cost in industrial circumstances.

취업대비 기사자격증 취득을 위한 효과적 학습지도 방안에 관한 연구

홍순욱,윤상원,서용성 永同大學校 1997 硏究論叢 Vol.3 No.1

지난 2년간 STC를 수행하면서 경험한 바에 의하면, 기사시럼을 준비하기 위하여 시중에서 구입한 연습 문제집에 실린 일부 문제들이 내포한 모호성 때문에 많은 학생들이 어려움을 겪고 있다는 것을 알게 되었다. 이는 학생들이 전공지식을 학습하는데 있어서 비효율을 초래하는 주요 요인들 가운데 하나일 것이다. 본 논문은 학생들이 스스로 자신들의 지식을 확장하고 조직화할 수 있도록 「기출문제 수정출제법(PRST)」이라는 새로운 개념을 도입함으로써 그와 같은 부정적인 효과를 최소화하려는 구체적인 노력을 보여주고 있다. PRST는 5단계로 구성되어 있는데, 이를 통하여 학생들과 지도교수는 모호성을 제거하고 문제를 개선하는 작업을 함께 하게 된다. 이를 위하여 시스템적 접근의 관점에서 Dick의 모형을 채택하는데, 이 모형은 교수설계를 위한 기본틀을 제공해 주며, 본 연구에서 다룰 하나의 기능은 그러한 교수설계 모형 가운데 일부가 된다. 교수설계 모형에 있어서 8개의 기능 가운데, 일련의 개선된 연습 문제들을 제작하는 것이 학생들에게 우선적으로 도움이 될 것이라는 관점에서 수업교재의 개발이라는 기능이 가장 긴급하다고 판단되었다. 본 연구의 목적에 부합하는 적절한 연구의 방향과 범위를 결정하기 위하여 기존 문제들에 대한 사전 조사연구가 수행되었다. 그리고 두 과목에 대한 연습 문제집의 제작과 학생들의 학습 동기부여를 위하여 여름방학 STC기간에 PRST가 시험적으로 적용되었다. 제작된 연습 문제집 가운데 하나가 문제집의 양호도라는 측면에서 6개의 7점 Likert척도로 학생들에 의하여 인지적으로 평가되었다. 그 결과, 새로 구성된 연습 문제집이 기존의 연습 문제집보다 여러 각도에서 더 양호하다고 판정된다. 이것은 통계적 적용상의 한계에도 불구하고, 본 연구에서 제안된 PRST 뿐만 아니라 제작된 연습문제집의 질적 부분의 타당성은 최소한 뒷받침된다는 것을 의미한다고 하겠다. By what we have experienced in STC for the last two years, we can see that a number of students have been suffering from the ambiguities of some problems contained in exercise books which are available at the market for preparing the National Certificate of Engineering. This seems one of the primary factors that bring on inefficiencies in learning expertise. This paper reports our concrete efforts to minimize such a negative force by introducing a new concept of「process for Revise of Sample Test(PRST)」, so that students can be able to organize and expand their knowledge in a good manner. PRST consists of five stages that enable students and the instructor work together on improving problems by getting rid of ambiguities. From the viewpoint of systems approach, Dick's model is adopted to provide a framework for an instructional design which designates a function we deal with in this study. Among the eight functions in the model, the development of class material is considered to be most urgent in that it would be of highly benefit to students to make series of improved exercise problems. Preliminary investigation of existing problems is conducted to figure out right direction and scope for the purpose of our research. PRST is, then, tentatively applied during the summer STC not only to produce exercise books for two different subjects, but to motivate students. One of the produced exercise books is examined perceptively by students in terms of goodness using six seven-point Likert scales. The result shows that the newly constructed exercise book is, on the perception basis, likely to be better than existing books. This implies that the quality of the produced book, as well as the proposed PRST, is validated at least positively in spite of statistical limitation.

Chrysanthemun frutescens L. 의 開花에 關한 硏究

洪淳聲,許洪旭 釜山大學校 師範大學 1979 교사교육연구 Vol.6 No.2

This study was carried out to examine the effects of day length on the flowering in Chrysanthemum frutescens L. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The elongation of stem was accelerated in the long day group and represented extreme inferiority in the short day group. 2) In the long day group, it is shown that a long interenode of stem and a deep lobation of leaf were affected as the morphological change. 3) The differentiation of flower bud was accelerated in the long day group.

금속수은 폭로 근로자의 일시뇨를 이용한 생물학적 모니터링 평가

홍두루미,김순덕,염용태,최재욱 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Biological monitoring for exposure permits estimation of organ doses or body burdens from exposures through all relevant portals of entry. Biological monitoring data may be used to estimate environmental concentrations when the latter cannot be measured directly. Biological indices are usually concentration of a chemical of its metabolites or its effect at the true receptors. Mercury concentration in urine has been most commonly recommended as a biological exposure index of mercury. for data based on urine analysis, variation in urine volume is the most significant. The urinary concentration related to excretion of the solute provides some correction for fluctuation of urine output. Sampling time must be carefully observed because distribution and elimination of a chemical are kinetic events. This study has evaluated mercury concentration in spot urine compared to the results of 24 hour collected urine by the adjustment methods(specific gravity, creatinine) and sampling time. The subjects were 43 workers who had been exposed to the metallic mercury. The results were as follows: 1. The correlation coefficients between mercury concentration in 24 hour urine and that in spot urine were 0.639-0.715 and were not different by adjustment methods. 2. In the high exposure group who were over 100ug/l of urinary mercury, the correlation coefficients between mercury concentration in 24 hour urine and that in spot urine were 0.687-0.824 and were not different by adjustment methods. 3. Mercury concentration in spot urine were very variable by sampling time or exposure time. The correlation coefficients between mercury concentration in 24 hour urine and that in spot urine were most highest as 0.85-0.91 at first voiding urine in the morning, and were 0.77-0.86 at urine collected within four hours before end of shift. In the biological monitoring to exposure of mercury, sampling of spot urine were most proper at first voiding urine in the morning, and then at urine collected within four hours before end of shift. But the adjustment methods of specific gravity and creatinine were no difference of the results.

R&D 프로젝트 수행에 대한 기술커뮤니케이션 패턴의 효과분석

홍순욱 永同工科大學校 1995 硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 기술커뮤니케이션을 연구원 개인 활동의 시각으로만 보아온 종래의 관점과 달리, 기술커뮤니케이션의 패턴을 연구원들의 집단적 활동과 개별적 활동의 두 기본 형태로 보고 각 형태의 활용도와 효용도에 작용하는 요인과 함께 성과와의 관련성을 분석하려는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 연구가설을 설정한 후, 국내 전자산업에 속한 18개 대기업 연구소를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 다변량 분석기법을 사용하여 수집된 자료를 분석 한다. 그 결과, 집단적 커뮤니케이션과 개별적 커뮤니케이션으로 구성된 기술커뮤니케이션 패턴의 상세하고 유효한 구조가 본 연구에서 밝혀져, R&D관리에 있어서 제원리를 한충 정치화 할 수 있게 되었다. Most studies have basically dealt with technical communication from the viewpoint of individual activities of scientists and engineers. Considering the common practice of collective communication and its actual importance in solving technical problems in the private laboratories, this paper aims to try to investigate the structures of two proposed technical communication patterns(TCP), individual and collective, and its effects on the performance of R&D projects. For the purpose, a research framework is developed and some hypotheses relating to TCP are drawn. The data were gathered through questionnaires from laboratories of 18 large electric and electronic companies. Regression model and factor analysis are employed as principal tools for analysis. The results show that collective communication is more likely to be effective in some cases than individual communication in solving technical problems facing in the middle of on-going R&D projects. This implies the R&D management have to pay more attention than before to the dimension of collectiveness in technical communication.

신제품개발 프로젝트의 개발단계별 정보획득패턴의 구조

홍순욱 永同工科大學校 1995 硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 신제품개발 프로젝트에 있어서 정보획득 패턴의 구조를 밝혀 보려는 것으로서 정보의 유형, 획득경로 및 원천이 신제품개발단계, 프로젝트의 혁신성 및 성공의 정도에 따라 정보획득 패턴이 다를 것이라는 연구가설이 문헌조사를 통하여 제기된다. 이를 실증조사 하고자 국내 전기전자 산업에서 수행되었던 45개 신제품개발 프로젝트를 대상으로 자료를 수집, 분석하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에서 얻은 성과는 다음과 같다. (1) 국내의 경우 신제품개발 전체 과정에서 마케팅정보가 가장 중시되며 이는 외국의 연구결과와 일치된다. (2) 정보획득은 비공식경로와 외부원천에서 점차 공식경로와 내부원천 쪽으로 그 패턴이 달라진다. (3) 개발초기단계에서 외부원천, 비공식경로를 통하여 프로젝트에 필요한 정보를 얻으며, 후기단계에서는 그 반대의 경향을 보이고 있다. (4) 혁신적인 프로젝트일수록 개발초기 및 중기단계에서 외부원천과 공식경로를 통하여 정보를 획득하며, 성공적인 프로젝트일수록 내부원천과 공식경로의 비중이 높다는 사실이 밝혀졌다. The purpose of this paper is to explore the internal structure of underlying information acquisition patterns in new product development(NPD) projects. In order to achieve the objective, three standpoints are established in this study: (1) The patterns are different according to stages. (2) The patterns are also different by the degree of innovativeness and/or success of the NPD project. (3) The determinants of the patterns are types, channels and sources of information. Based on the research questions derived from the existing literature, a set of hypotheses is developed and tested with the empirical data collected through questionnaires from the electrical and electronics industry in Korea. Main results are as follows: (1) Marketing information is found to be the most important throughout the stages. (2) The channels and the sources of information gradually become to be formal and internal from informal and external respectively as the NPD projects proceed. (3) The NPD Projects are likely to get information by informal channels from external sources at its early stage, while by formal channels from internal sources at its late stage. (4) The more innovative projects are more likely to get information by formal channels from internal sources at early and mid-term stage, and from external source at late stage than the less innovative projects. The more successful projects are more likely to get information by formal channels from internal sources in all stages than the less successful projects.

高砂百合의 鱗片繁殖에 있어서 IAA, NAA, GA處理의 影響

洪淳馨,許洪旭 釜山大學校 師範大學 1977 교사교육연구 Vol.4 No.2

This study was carried out in order to observe the reproduction of the scale in phillippinense var. formosanum, treated with NAA, IAA, GA group on each developmental stage of the scale. The results obtained were as follows; 1) It was accelerated the ratio of new bulb formation in NAA treatment group on the scale, and inhibited it in GA treatment group. But it was not definited that treated with IAA treatment group. 2) It represented the high rate of juvenile bud in NAA treatment group on the scale and initial cells, and remarkably accelerated the developmental stage of new bulb which proceeding in some degree with GA treatment group. 3) It represented the high rate of leaf number in NAA treatment group and inhibited it treated after the developmental stage which proceeding in some degree. It accelerated the increase of leaf number that treated with GA treatment group, but remarkably inhibited in IAA treatment group. 4) It represented the high rate of flower bud formation in NAA treatment group on the scale, and inhibited it on the latter period. But in GA treatment group, especially GA7 treatment group, it represented the high rate of flower bud formation and also remarkably accelerated it treated after the developmental stage which proceeding in some degree.

원격조작을 위한 로봇 그래픽 시뮬레이터 개발

홍순혁,전재욱 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 論文集 Vol.51 No.1

Robot simulators have been used for the design, analysis, and control of robot systems. Robot simulator have many features such as system modeling, 3D graphic display of model, graphical robot teaching, and off-line programming. In this paper, a robot simulator is proposed which has basic features of robot simulators and some other features to support remote operation. The proposed robot simulator can be used to operate robots in real workplace by using off-line or online simulation and to make human operators learn the operations of robots. In particular, the proposed robot simulator supports a network client/server model for remote operations of robots. By using this feature, human operators can connect his computer system to the server system and control a real robot. The server system has a vision camera to transmit the image of working robots as feedback data to human operators.

친환경 방염액의 연구

이순홍,김병량,문명욱,이대정,정영호 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2004 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

대구 지하철 참사 이후 사회 전반적으로 방염에 대한 관심이 증대되어 방염제에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있는 실정이다. 기존의 할로겐화 방염제는 방염제 자체의 독성으로 인해 인간의 건강과 환경에 유해성이 확인됨에 따라 이를 대체할 친환경 방염제의 연구가 부각되고 있는 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 친환경 대체 방염제의 일환으로 인계와 무기계 방염제를 혼합 사용하여 우수한 방염성능 및 연소시 유독가스가 발생되지 않는 친환경 방염제의 조성을 설계하고자 하였다. 인계 방염제로서 제1인산암모늄, 제2인산암모늄을 사용하였으며, 무기계 방염제로서 붕산과 붕사를 사용하여 각 조성 배합비의 함량 변화 실험을 통한 방염 특성 평가를 수행하였다. 이와 더불어 방염제의 부착률에 따라서 방염효과가 달라지는데, 최적의 조성으로 부착률을 달리하여 경제성과 법적인 측면을 고려하여 가장 효율적인 부착률을 알아보았다. The purpose of this research is to make a non toxic flame retardants as a substitute material for toxic halogen type, and to evaluate burning area, adhesion rate and flammability of non toxic flame retardants. The non toxic flame retardants were prepared by mixing processes of ammonium phosphate monobasic, ammonium phosphate dibasic, boric acid and borax under the various preparation conditions. Flammability of polyester fabrics treated with these mixed flame retardants was investigated through measurement of burning area and adhesion rate. The burning area values were decreased with increase of the Ammonium phosphate monobasic and ammonium phosphate dibasic content of flame retardants. For economic and legal reasons, the optimum adhesion rate of flame retardants on the polyester fabrics was 50%.

복강동맥 협착 혹은 폐쇄 환자에서 상장간막동맥으로부터의 측부순환로: 혈관조영술 소견의 분석

송순영,구자홍,정진욱 關東大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1999 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose is to evaluate angiographic finding, various collateral pathways from the superior mesenteric artery(SHA) in patients with celiac stenosis or occlusion. We selected ninety-four patients with angiographic findings of celiac stenosis or occlusion. All patients underwent SMA angiography. Thirteen patients has variations of hepatic artery, which were right hepatic or all of hepatic arteries originating from the SMA. We retrospectively evaluated the types and incidence of dominant collateral routes from the SMA on angiographic finding's. The most common collateral routes from the SMA were via pancreaticoduodenal arcades(PDA) in 59 patients(95%) and dorsal pancreatic arteries(DPA) and their braches in 70 patients(74%). Miscellaneous collaterals other than PDA and DPA were found in 20 patients. All 13 patients with hepatic arterial variation showed miscellaneous collaterals, which were interlobar intrahepatic collaterals(n=11), right-to-left gastric arterial anastomosis(n=2), accessory left gastric artery(n=2) and peribiliary arterial plexus(n=1). Two miscellaneous collaterals in 7 patients with normal hepatic arterial anatomy were the direct aeterial channel between the SMA(n=6) and middle colic artery(n=2). In conclusion, the most common and important collaterals from the SMA are the PDA and DPA in patients with celiac stenosis or occclusion. Presence of hepatic arterial variation is main cause of development of miscellaneous collaterals.