한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

대기중에서 polymer의 레이저 크레이터링

채희백,이수빈,홍진수,김승우 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

Nd-Yag pulsed laser(210mJ, 6ns) was focused on polymer to make craters in an atmosphere. The size of the crater has a trend to follow the ideal estimation. Laser-firing near the focal point in air could be an energy dissipation of laser and a possible cause of the crater size reduction. Multiple plasma image and normal eruption of the plasma was also studied with photographs.

서식지 특성에 따른 조류군집의 차이

채진확,김정수,구태회 경희대학교 환경연구소 2002 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

This study was carried out to analyze difference of bird communities in Mt. Dae-ryong and Mt. O-eum with habitat characteristics. The number of species and individuals of bird observed in Mt. Dae-ryong and Mt. O-eum were 27 and 309, 26 and 123, respectively. The nesting guild was higher at canopy and bush nesting guild(41% and 30%) compared with hole and water nesting guild(22% and 7%) In Mt. Dae-ryong. The nesting guild was higher at hole and canopy nesting guild(35% and 34%) compared with bush nesting guild(31%) in Mt. O-eum. The forage guild was higher at canopy and bush foraging guild than at water and outside foraging guild in all studied areas. Based on the results, habitat condition was major factor to bird communities because the difference of guilds in this studied areas caused the change of bird communities.

한국인 정상교합자의 3차원 디지털 모형을 이용한 순,협측 치면 곡률

채지현,송진욱,차정열,최정수,박영철 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구는 한국인의 치아형태에 적합한 브라켓 베이스를 만들기 위해 임상 치관의 순, 협측 곡률을 3차원적으로 계측하여 치관의 곡률 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 정상적인 해부학적 형태를 가지는 구강모형 30쌍을 3차원 디지털 모델로 제작한 후, FA점을 기준으로 수평 기준면과 수직 기준면을 설정하였다. 이 기준면에 대한 치면의 곡선을 형성한 후, 곡률을 이차방정식의 계수로 표현하였다. 수평면과 수직면의 곡률과 FA점을 기준으로 근심과 원심, 치은측과 교합면측의 곡률을 측정한 결과, 상악견치와 상악 제2소구치 외에는 남녀간 치면 곡률의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 하악 측절치, 상악 견치, 상하악 제1, 2소구치와 제1대구치에서 근원심 또는 치은교합면측 치면 곡률의 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다 (P < 0.05). 본 연구에서 얻어진 순, 협측 치면의 곡률 자료는 한국인의 치아 형태에 적합한 Straight Wire Appliance 개발의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있다. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the labio/buccal clinical crown curvatures of Korean permanent teeth and to obtain the curve-ratio data in an attempt to fabricate bracket bases fit for each individual Korean permanent tooth. Methods: Three-dimensional digital models were made from 30 sets of dental casts with normal anatomic structures. According to the FA points, horizontal and vertical reference planes were established and lines were drawn on the tooth surfaces in reference to these planes. The curvature was expressed as the coefficient of a quadratic equation. Lines mesial, distal, gingival and occlusal to the horizontal, vertical reference planes and the FA point were drawn. Results: The curvature measured for each line revealed that there are no significant differences between male and female, except for maxillary canines and maxillary second bicuspids (P > 0.05). There were notable differences in the mesio-distal or gingivo-occlusal curvatures among the mandibular lateral incisors, maxillary canines, maxillary and mandibular first and second bicuspids and first molars (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The labial & buccal crown curvatures of teeth in Korean normal occlusion were measured on the mesial and distal, gingival and occlusal sides respectively in this study. Based on these data, a SWA can be developed to fit the individual features of Korean tooth crowns.

갑상선 세포에서 전사보조활성인자인 CBP와 CIITA의 인터페론-감마 활성 부위에 대한 조절 : CBP and CIITA on GAS(Interferon- γ Activated Site)-Mediated Transcription in Thyroid Cells

채수흥,홍우정,김군순,조영석,김도희,김현진,구본정,송민호,김영건,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.1

Background : In the previous stuides, we identified that the interferon-r activated sequence (GAS) in the 5-flanking region of rat ICAM-1 gene is major element for interferon-r-inducible expression of the gene in rat thyroid cells, FRTL-5. We here, investigated the role of transcriptional coactivators, CBP(CREB binding protein) and CⅡTA (class Ⅱ transactivator) in the modulation of the activity of GAS which could interacts with signal transducers and activators of transcription-1 and 3 (STAT1 and STAT3). Methods : The expression of CBP RNA and protein were quantitated in FRTL-5 after stimulation with interferon-r (IFN-r), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), forskolin and methimazole. Direct association of CBP with STAT were analyzed by immunoprecipitation. The transcriptional roles of CBP and CⅡTA in the regulation of GAS were assessed by the cotransfection with their expression vectors with reporters; 5-deletion constructs of rat ICAM-1 promoter or 8xGAS-luc constructs, into FRTL-5 thyroid cells. Results : The level of CBP RNA and protein were not changed by the treatment with TSH, IFN-r, forskolin and methimazole in FRTL-5, FRT and BRL liver cells. The CBP could be directly associated with STAT1. Furthermore, the overexpression of CBP significantly increases the both promoter activities; rat ICAM-1 gene promoter which has GAS element and 8xGAS-luc cassette constructs. However, the cotransfection of CⅡTA decreased the constitutive and CBP-mediated transactivation of rat ICAM-1 promoter and 8xGAS-luc cassette constructs. Conclusion : We identified that the two tanscriptional coactivators; CBP and CⅡTA has differential roles in the regulation of transcriptional activity of GAS drived promoter. CBP increases the GAS activity through the direct binding with STAT1, but CⅡTA inhibited the CBP-mediated transactivation of GAS activity.

예압과 냉각방식에 따른 고속주축의 온도분포 및 열변형 해석

김수태,김재실,최대봉,김진한,정동수 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

The use of high speed motor spindle is increasing for high speed machine tools recently. The important problem in the high speed spindles is to reduce and minimize the thermal effect by the motor and ball bearings. Thermal characteristics according to the bearing preload, hollow shaft and oil jacket cooling are studied for the spindle with the oil mist lubrication and high frequency motor. In this study, temperature distribution and thermal deformation are analyzed by using the numerical method This results show that temperature distribution and thermal deformation of the high speed spindle system can be estimated reasonably by using the three dimensional model through the finite element method and support thermal optimization and more effective cooling method.

경북지역 안경원 개설에 필요한 요건 분석 연구

박수봉 ; 이채호 ; 김진숙 김천대학교 2001 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.22 No.-

This study showed purchase of glasses, the position on shops, working condition of opticians, financial administration affairs using questionaire, which offers research data basis on marketing plans of optician's shop opening condition.

Dementia 환자에 있어서의 Pyrisuccideanol dimaleate(MOREX^(�))의 임상적 효과

정재우,황성희,김경환,박수철,김진수 최신의학사 1991 最新醫學 Vol.34 No.1

Converging Thermal Wave 측정법에 의한 고체 재료의 열전도도 측정

홍진수,한용진,채희백,박훈 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The conductivity of CVD(chemical vapor deposited) diamond wafer and Cu-foil were measured with converging thermal wave technique. Annular shape of pulsed laser beam is used as a heating source and the temperature excursion is measured with liquid nitrogen cooled IR-detector. This measurement method is independent of specimen shape and size if the specimen is a thin plate. This technique is non-contacting and non-destructive.