Effect of Ultrasonic Melt Treatment on Solidification Microstructure of Al–5Ti–1B Alloy Containing Numerous Inoculant Particles

Soo‑Bae Kim,Jae‑Gil Jung,Young‑Hee Cho,Su‑Hyeon Kim,Kwangjun Euh,Jung‑Moo Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

The effect of ultrasonic melt treatment (UST) on the solidification microstructure of an Al–5Ti–1B alloy containing highvolumefractions of Al3Tiand TiB2particles is investigated for various UST times with different melt holding times. Theas-cast Al–5Ti–1B alloy is composed of TiB2and polygonal Al3Tiparticles (present prior to UST), plate-like Al3Tiparticles,and Al grains (formed during UST and/or solidification). The UST causes a size reduction and homogeneous distributionof the TiB2-agglomerated region containing many submicron-sized TiB2particles pushed to the grain boundaries. The USTslightly decreases the size and improves the distribution of polygonal Al3Tiparticles enriched in the TiB2-agglomeratedregion. Unlike the TiB2and polygonal Al3Tiparticles, which exhibit a minor refining effect, the plate-like Al3Tiparticlesshow a significant refinement with UST application. The UST has a significant effect on the size distribution of Al grains byinducing the formation of medium-sized grains at the expense of small and large grains; however, it only has a slight effecton grain refinement. The degree of microstructure modification increases with increasing UST time but decreases with meltholding time after UST. The mechanisms for the refinement and dispersion of the TiB2and Al3Tiparticles and Al grains arediscussed considering fragmentation, nucleation, and growth behaviors induced by the UST and subsequent solidification.

가열 및 저장중 고추 oleoresin의 지질산화 및 항산화성

배태진,김현주,강훈이,최옥수 여수대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Changes of lipid oxidation and antioxidative activity in modified oleoresin during heat treatment and storage were investigated. Lipid oxidation occurred somewhat to oleoresin red pepper after heat treatment for 5 hours at 150℃ and 200℃, whereas in the heat treatment at 50℃ and 100℃, occurred in little. During heat treatment for 5 hours at 100℃, oleoresin red pepper had a moderate antioxidation effect, but its antioxidation effect at 200℃ was not shown due to degradation of capsaicin. And oleoresin red pepper greatly inhibited the oxidation of soybean oil during storage at 25℃ and 40℃.

S.D. Rats를 이용 1, 1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane의 아민성 흡입독성 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,김철우,점용현,한정희,전윤석,최수영,강대봉,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1

There were no specific effects for test materials on Sprague-Dawley (S.D.) rats in clinical symptoms, amounts of food intakes, weight changes, laboratory findings, and pathology after whole body l, l-Dichloro-1 -fluoroethane (used as coolant, metal cleaner and solvents) exposure(0, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 ppm) for 13 weeks (6 hour/day, 5 days/week). However, the loss of capillary vessels in eyeball (pupil) was observed in a female rat among 6,000 ppm group. Though there was a tendency for MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) in rat to be decreased (p<0.05), it was not regarded as abnormal because the values were within normal limits. In asthma-stimulation related evaluations, there was also a tendency for inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavages to be increased. But it had no statistical significance, and also no dependency on sex and the exposed concentration. Based on this result, the non observed effect level (NOEL) induced by 1, 1-Dichloro-l -fluoroethene inhalation was evaluated in groups with 3,000 ppm below (S .D. Rats, 13 weeks). Finally, it was concluded that the short term exposal of 1, 1-Dichloro-l-fluoroethane is not considered as a asthma stimulant by inhalation despite of some study limitations such as test animals use and short-term exposure .

이차원 LMS 알고리즘의 Systolic Array 구현

박완수,최훈,홍기섭,박봉수,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 2000 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.8 No.1

적응알고리듬의 VLSI 구현에 있어서 파이프라이닝이나 시스토릭과 같은 구조적 설계기법을 이용하여 알고리듬을 변환하는 것은 효과적이다. 알고리듬 변환은 z-변환 영역에서 연산의 규칙성과 반복성을 찾아 이루어 진다. 본 논문에서는 이차원 필터와 계수갱신 시스템을 시스토릭 구조로 설계하여 LMS의 확장 형태인 TDLMS을 STDLMS로 변환한다. 변화된 STDLMS를 이용 이차원 ALE를 Altera사의 Max-PlusII 상에서 구현하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 평가한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 salt-pepper 잡음과 가우시안 잡음에 오염된 화상을 ALE가 개선할 수 있음을 보였다. In VLSI realization of adaptive algorithm. it is necessary and efficient that the algorithm is transformed to structural one suitably using architectural design techniques such as pipelining or systolic array. These transform method use regular and recursive of operation of the algorithm on z-transform domain. In this paper, the TDLMS which is a extended version of LMS is transformed to STDLMS which has systolic array architecture in two dimensional filter and coefficients update system. The transformed STDLMS is applied for realization of two dimensional ALE. And the ALE performances are evaluated by Max-PlusII of Altera Co.. The simulation results show that the ALE enhances image data which were corrupted by salt-pepper noise and Gaussian noise.

Pocine Adenovirus-3의 E1B Region의 鹽基序列 分析

朴鍾賢,宋載永,李重馥,玄芳勳,安東濬,車相昊,裵用泰,姜永源,Reddy, P S,全茂炯,安壽煥 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

돼지 아데노바이러스(PAV-3). 6618주의 EIB region이 包含되어 있는 map unit 4.0에서 9.7까지의 유전자에 대한 1,984 bp의 염기서열을 決定하였으며, 이 結果를 알려진 여러 아데노바이러스 유전자와 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. PAV-3의 EIB유전자는 10개의 ORF로 구성되어 있으며, 그 중 아데노바이러스의 단백질과 유사성이 있는 것은 ORF1, ORF2 및 ORF3이었다. ORF1은 Ad41의 19kd 와 BAV-2에서의 EIB ORF2에서의 아미노산의 一致率은 각각 32%와 31%이었다. 2. ORF2는 Ad2 55kd protein과 tupaia adenovirus 44kd protein가 각각 34%로 아미노산 一致率이 가장 높았으며, Ad41의 52kd protein. BAV-3의 EIB ORF3에서도 33%의 一致率을 보였다. 3. ORF1은 61-666 uncleotide (606 bp), ORF 2에서는 429-1,850 uncleotide (1,422 bp)의 부위로 각각 202, 474 a.a로 構成되었으며, 예상되는 분자량은 20 kd와 52 kd이었다. 4. ORF3는 hexon-associated pIX유전자로 추정되며 내부에 1개의 polyadenylation signal(ATAAA)이 1938-1942 uncleotide에 위치하였으며, 이 부위는 TATA box (1937-1942 uncleotide)와 중복되어 존재하였다. Porcine adenovirus type 3 (PAV-3) does not cause severe infection in pigs. Adenovirus has been suggestive of live vaccine vector carrying foreign gene. One of insertion regions is delayed early (EIB) region. However, EIB region of PAV-3 has not been molecularly characterized to date. Nucleotide sequence of EIB of PAV-3 was determined. The EIB region was composed of 1,984 bp and located between 4.0 and 9.7 map units. Three potential open reading frames(ORFs) with low level of homology to other adenoviruses and a polyadenylation signal were identified in the rightward direction of genome. The nucleotide and the predicted amino acid sequences of EIB were compared to those of human and animal adenoviruses. One of the three potential ORFs. ORF1 encoded a polypeptide homologous to bovine adenovirus type 2(BAV-2) ORF2 and human adenovirus type 41(Ad41) 19 kd protein. ORF2 encoded a polypeptide homologous to human adenovirus type 2(Ad2) 55 kd protein, bovine adenovirus type 3(BAV-3) ORF3 and porcine adenovirus type 4(PAV-4) ORF2. The predicted protein of ORF1 had homology to those of Ad41 and BAV-2 with 32 and 31% respectively, whereas the deduced protein of ORF2 had homology to those of Ad2. BAV-3 and PAV-4 with 34, 33 and 29%, respectively.

Immuno-Affinity Chromatography에 의한 B. thuringiensis H9B균주의 모기살충성 내독소 단백질의 정제

김광현,배수장,이광배 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.1

For purification of a 70kDa toxic protein of mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin from B. thuringiensis strain H9B, immuno-affinity chromatography was performed. After separation of 70kDa toxic proteins from the delta-endotoxin of the strain H9B on SDS-PAGE, the 70kDa toxic protein was subcutaneously injected into rabbit for making a polyclonal antibody. A anti-70kDa toxic protein was purified by a column chromatography packed with proteinA-sepharose 4B gels. The 70kDa toxic protein from delta-endotoxin of the strain H9B was also purified by an immuno-affinity chromatography packed with CNBr-activated sepharose 4B gels conjugated anti-70kDa toxic protein after elution with 1/10M citric acid-1/5M Na₂HPO₄buffer(pH3.2) containing 0.5M NaCl. The 70kDa toxic protein was purified through only one step-separation system, was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot.

사무직 근로자의 수면의 질 및 직무스트레스와 우울과의 관련성

강미나,강수영,권수정,김현주,배재원,이보연,이예진,임의롬,정다영,조한솔 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2013 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.47

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the degree of depression, sleep quality, job stress and their association among office workers. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 147 workers employed in 5 big enterprises, and 5 small and medium enterprises from October 21 to November 21, 2012. The questionnaires included socio-demographic and health-related characteristics, job-related characteristics, sleep quality, job stress (KOSS) and depression (CES-D). Result: Among all subjects, 23.1% was in the depression group (21 points and over in the CES-D score). Depressive level was positively correlated with job stress and quality of sleep. The adjusted odd ratio for the effects of sleep quality and job stress on depression significantly increased in the depression group compared to that of the normal group. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the following factors of influence had combined explanatory powers on depression: BMI, life satisfaction, quality of sleep, and job stress. Conclusion: The study revealed that complicated influences were exerted on the level of depression by variable factors, as well as socio-demographic characteristics, health-related characteristics, quality of sleep, and job stress. Specifically, the level of depression was influenced by the quality of sleep and job stress.

수용성 청색색소를 생산하는 Azotobacter vinelandii A80 균주의 분리 및 특성

김병우,배수장,김광현,김영희 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.1

For using additives of foods, or cosmetics, a strain A80 producing blue pigment was isolated from soil. The strain A80 was identified as a Azolobacter vinelandii based on morphological and physiological characteristics. The strain A80 was extracellulaly secreted the blue pigment on PYG agar plate, but not secreted it into PYG broth. And then, the strain A80 was extracellulaly secreted the blue pigment in PYG broth containing 2.0% chitin, while the strain A80 was not secreted the blue pigment in PYG broth containing 2.0% chitin and 1% NaCl simultaniously.

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of ginsenoside Rh2 and Rg3 epimers after oral administration of BST204, a purified ginseng dry extract, in rats

Bae, Soo Hyeon,Park, Jung Bae,Zheng, Yu Fen,Jang, Min Jung,Kim, Sun Ok,Kim, Jeom Yong,Yoo, Young Hyo,Yoon, Kee Dong,Oh, Euichaul,Bae, Soo Kyung Taylor & Francis 2014 Xenobiotica Vol.44 No.12

<P><OL><LI><P>BST204, a purified ginseng dry extract containing a high concentration of racemic Rh2 and Rg3 mixtures, is being developed for supportive care use in cancer patients in Korea. This study investigates the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of BST204 in rats.</P></LI><LI><P>After oral administration of BST204, only the <I>S</I> epimers, S-Rh2 and S-Rg3, could be determined in rat plasma. The poor absorption of the <I>R</I>-epimers, R-Rh2 and R-Rg3, may be attributed to lower membrane permeability and extensive intestinal oxygenation and/or deglycosylation into metabolites. The AUC and <I>C</I><SUB>max</SUB> values of both S-Rh2 and S-Rg3 after BST204 oral administration were proportional to the administered BST204 doses ranged from 400 mg/kg to 2000 mg/kg, which suggested linear pharmacokinetic properties.</P></LI><LI><P>There were no statistically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of S-Rh2 and S-Rg3 after oral administration of pure S-Rh2 (31.5 mg/kg) and S-Rg3 (68 mg/kg) compared with oral administration of BST204, 1000 mg/kg. These indicated that the presence of other components of BST204 extract did not influence the pharmacokinetic behavior of S-Rh2 and S-Rg3.</P></LI><LI><P>After oral dosing of BST204, S-Rh2 and S-Rg3 were distributed mainly to the liver and gastrointestinal tract in rats.</P></LI><LI><P>Our finding may help to understand pharmacokinetic characteristics of S-Rh2, R-Rh2, S-Rg3, and R-Rg3, comprehensively, and provide useful information in clinical application of BST204.</P></LI></OL></P>

Metabolic Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Macrolactin A and 7-<i>O</i>-Succinyl Macrolactin A Assessed by Evaluating Cytochrome P450 Inhibition and Induction and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Inhibition <i>In Vitro</i>

Bae, Soo Hyeon,Kwon, Min Jo,Park, Jung Bae,Kim, Doyun,Kim, Dong-Hee,Kang, Jae-Seon,Kim, Chun-Gyu,Oh, Euichaul,Bae, Soo Kyung American Society for Microbiology 2014 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol.58 No.9

<P>Macrolactin A (MA) and 7-<I>O</I>-succinyl macrolactin A (SMA), polyene macrolides containing a 24-membered lactone ring, show antibiotic effects superior to those of teicoplanin against vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>. MA and SMA are currently being evaluated as antitumor agents in preclinical studies in Korea. We evaluated the potential of MA and SMA for the inhibition or induction of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) <I>in vitro</I> to assess their safety as new molecular entities. We demonstrated that MA and SMA are potent competitive inhibitors of CYP2C9, with <I>K<SUB>i</SUB></I> values of 4.06 μM and 10.6 μM, respectively. MA and SMA also weakly inhibited UGT1A1 activity, with <I>K<SUB>i</SUB></I> values of 40.1 μM and 65.3 μM, respectively. However, these macrolactins showed no time-dependent inactivation of the nine CYPs studied. In addition, MA and SMA did not induce CYP1A2, CYP2B6, or CYP3A4/5. On the basis of an <I>in vitro-in vivo</I> extrapolation, our data strongly suggested that MA and SMA are unlikely to cause clinically significant drug-drug interactions mediated via inhibition or induction of most of the CYPs involved in drug metabolism <I>in vivo</I>, except for the inhibition of CYP2C9 by MA. Similarly, MA and SMA are unlikely to inhibit the activity of UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7 enzymes <I>in vivo</I>. Although further investigations will be required to clarify the <I>in vivo</I> interactions of MA with CYP2C9-targeted drugs, our findings offer a clearer understanding and prediction of drug-drug interactions for the safe use of MA and SMA in clinical practice.</P>