대인관계성향 검사의 타당화 연구 (Ⅰ)

송인섭,박애선,신은영 숙명여자대학교 학생생활지도연구소 1999 學生生活硏究 Vol.21 No.-

본 연구는 자기자신의 대인관계특성을 이해하기 위하여 대인관계성향검사를 제작하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 주로 남녀 대학생들을 지역별로 표집하여 수집된 자료를 예비검사(N=343) 하였다. 본 검사는 전국의 10개지역의 4년제 대학교와 전문대학의 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 하였고 최종 분석대상은 1531명이었다. 본 연구는 예비연구를 통하여 대인관계성향의 개념을 형성하는 차원을 요인분석을 통한 구인타당도와 내용타당도를 검증함으로써 대인관계성향 검사를 제작하였다. 최종검사의 문항은 요인분석 결과 8개 차원 91문항으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the interpersonal relations scale developed by factor analysis. The subjects of the pre- study were 343 college or university student randomly sampled and assigned. The subjects of main study were 1531 female and male college students and junior college students the 10 regions through out the country. Interpersonal Relations Disposition (IRDS) consists of 8 areas, there are Role disposition ares and Expressive areas - These major areas are further divided into eight sub-areas there are : Initiative - comformative, independant - non independant, responsibility - non responsibility, superiority - inferiority, agressive - non agressive, empathy - non empathy, mis trust - trust, competition - non competition.

Electrochemical Catalytic Behavior of Cu₂O Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

Song, Shin Ae,Kim, Kiyoung,Lim, Sung Nam,Han, Jonghee,Yoon, Sung Pil,Kang, Min-Goo,Jang, Seong-Cheol The Korean Electrochemical Society 2018 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.9 No.3

To enhance the performance of cathodes at low temperatures, a Cu-coated cathode is prepared, and its electrochemical performance is examined by testing its use in a single cell. At $620^{\circ}C$ and a current density of $150mAcm^{-2}$, a single cell containing the Cu-coated cathode has a significantly higher voltage (0.87 V) during the initial operation than does that with an uncoated cathode (0.79 V). According to EIS analysis, the high voltage of the cell with the Cu-coated cathode is due to the dramatic decrease in the high-frequency resistance related to electrochemical reactions. From XPS analysis, it is confirmed that the Cu is initially in the form of $Cu_2O$ and is converted into CuO after 150 h of operation, without any change in the state of the Ni or Li. Therefore, the high initial cell voltage is confirmed to be due to $Cu_2O$. Because $Cu_2O$ is catalytically active toward $O_2$ adsorption and dissociation, $Cu_2O$ on a NiO cathode enhances cell performance and reduces cathode polarization. However, the cell with the Cu-coated cathode does not maintain its high voltage because $Cu_2O$ is oxidized to CuO, which demonstrates similar catalytic activity toward $O_2$ as NiO.

Enhancement of cell performance using nano polystyrene beads in photoelectrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Song, Shin Ae,Jung, Kyeong Youl,Oh, Joo Young,Chang, Young-Wook,Kim, Kiyoung,Lim, Sung Nam,Jeong, Yong-Cheol Elsevier 2017 Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engine Vol.78 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A photoelectrode containing nanochannels was prepared to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The nanochannels in the photoelectrode enhanced the active area for charge transfer between the TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, dye, and electrolyte. Polystyrene (PS) nanobeads were prepared by solution polymerization, and the nanochannels were produced by the addition of these PS nanobeads (10wt. %) to the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> paste from which the photoelectrode was made. The added PS nanobeads were decomposed by the 500°C heat treatment that was used to sinter the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> particles, leading to the formation of nanochannels. The nanochannels increase the impregnated dye amounts and the contact area was enlarged. The efficiencies of photovoltaic cells without and with the nanochannels were 5.19 and 7.47%, respectively. The nanochannels resulted in the enlarged impregnated dye amount and dye/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/electrolyte interface, which increased the degree of penetration of the photoelectrode by the dye and electrolyte via the nanochannels. Thus, the effectiveness of the delivery of electrons and holes to the electrodes was enhanced, leading to dramatic improvements in the photovoltaic cell performance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Preparation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photoelectrode with nanochannels for dye sensitive solar cells. </LI> <LI> Preparation of nanochannels by adding and decomposing nanosized PS beads in TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photoelectrode. </LI> <LI> Enhancement of photo-conversion efficiency using the modified photoelectrode. </LI> <LI> Increase of impregnated dye amount and decrease of charge transfer resistance after loading PS beads. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Synthesis of Zirconium-Based Material-Coated LiNi_0.8Co_0.2O₂Cathode Using a New Coating Method

Song, Shin Ae,Park, Seung Bin,Han, Jonghee IOP Publishing 2012 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.51 No.r10

Economic Feasibility Study for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells Fed with Biogas

Song, Shin-Ae,Han, Jong-Hee,Yoon, Sung-Pil,Nam, Suk-Woo,Oh, In-Hwan,Choi, Dae-Ki The Korean Electrochemical Society 2010 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.1 No.2

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power plants are one of most attractive electricity generation systems for the use of biogas to generate high-efficiency ultra-clean power. However, MCFCs are considerably more expensive than comparable conventional electricity generation systems. The commercialization of MCFCs has been delayed more than expected. After being effective in the Kyoto protocol and considerably increasing the fossil price, the attention focused on $CO_2$ regression and renewable energy sources has increased dramatically. In particular, the commercialization and application of MCFC systems fed with biogas have been revived because of the characteristics of $CO_2$ collection and fuel variety of MCFCs. Better economic results of MCFC systems fed with biogas are expected because biogas is a relatively inexpensive fuel compared to liquefied natural gas (LNG). However, the pretreatment cost is added when using anaerobic digester gas (ADG), one of the biogases, as a fuel of MCFC systems because it contains high $H_2S$ and other contaminants, which are harmful sources to the MCFC stack in ADG. Thus, an accurate economic analysis and comparison between MCFCs fed with biogas and LNG are very necessary before the installation of an MCFC system fed with biogas in a plant. In this paper, the economic analysis of an MCFC fed with ADG was carried out for various conditions of electricity and fuel price and compared with the case of an MCFC fed with LNG.

An Ag-Coated NiO Cathode for MCFCs Operating at Low Temperatures

Song, Shin Ae,Kang, Min Goo,Han, Jonghee,Yoon, Sung Pil,Nam, Suk Woo,Oh, In-Hwan,Choi, Dae Ki The Electrochemical Society 2011 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.158 No.6

Neurogenesis in the hippocampus is increased by Passiflora incarnate ethanol extracts administration in DBA/2 mice

Ji Ae Song,Hye Kyung Baek,Do Eun Kim,Eunseol Min,Shin-Gyeom Kim,Tae-Hee Kim,Hae-Hyeog Lee,Sun Shin Yi 한국실험동물학회 2016 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.08

용융탄산염 연료전지에서 NaCl이 셀성능에 미치는 영향

송신애(Shin Ae Song),김현구(Hyun Goo Kim),윤성필(Sung Pil Yoon),함형철(Hyung Chul Ham),한종희(Jonghee Han) 한국신재생에너지학회 2012 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

perovskite 물질이 코팅된 MCFC용 공기극의 전기화학적 성능 고찰

송신애(Song, Shin Ae),강민구(Kang, Min Gu),윤성필(Yoon, Sung Pil),한종희(Han, Jong Hee),오인환(Oh, In Hwan) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.06

현재 융융탄산염 연료전지의 공기극으로 다공성의 lithiated NiO를 사용하고 있는데 이 재료의 경우 크게 두 가지의 문제점을 안고 있다. 첫 번째는 Ni이 전해질 내로 용해하는 것이고, 두 번째는 낮은 활성으로 인한 높은 공기극의 분극이다. Ni이 전해질로 용해되는 문제는 Co나 Fe를 코팅하여 공기극 표면에 Li_x(Ni_yCo_{1-y})1-xO₂나 Li_x(Ni_yFe_{1-y})_{1-x}O₂를 형성시켜 NiO의 전해질 내로 용해되는 것을 억제하는 방법이나 ZnO, MgO, La₂O₃ 등의 산화물을 NiO 표면에 코팅하여 전해질과 접촉을 막는 방식으로 해결하는 등 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 하지만 연료극의 비해 상당히 높은 공기극의 분극으로 인해 큰 전압손실이 일어나 용융탄산염 연료전지 성능이 낮아지는 문제의 경우 이를 해결하고자 하는 연구는 상대적으로 많이 진행되지 못한 상태이다. 특히 현재 용융탄산염 연료전지의 장기수명화를 위해 기존의 작동온도인 650?C 보다 다소 낮은 온도인 600{sim}620?C에서 작동하려는 움직임이 있다. 작동 온도가 내려가면 전해질이 휘발되는 속도가 낮아져 전해질 부족에 따른 운전시간이 줄어드는 문제를 해결할 수 있어 장기 수명화를 위해서는 작동온도를 낮추는 것이 매우 유리하다. 하지만 작동 온도가 내려가면서 양 전극에서 일어나는 전기화학 반응 속도가 느려지기 때문에 각 전극에서의 활성화 분극으로 인한 전압손실은 더욱 커질 수밖에 없다. 특히 연료극의 수소산화반응 속도는 공기극의 산소환원반응에 비해 매우 빠르기 때문에 작동 온도가 내려감에 따라 연료극의 분극이 커지는 것에 비해 공기극의 분극이 급격히 커지게 된다. 따라서 운전온도가 낮아지는 상황에서는 낮은 작동온도에서도 성능감소가 적게 일어나 0.8V 이상 운전(150mA/cm², 단위전지 기준)이 가능한 공기극의 개발이 매우 필요한 실정이다. 이를 해결하고자 본 연구에서는 고체 산화물 연료전지의 공기극의 재료로 많이 연구되고 있는 혼합전도성 물질의 페로브스카이트 구조의 물질을 기존 NiO 전극에 코팅하여 새로운 공기극을 개발하였다. 페로브스카이트 구조의 물질로 대표적인 LSCF 물질을 사용하였으며 LSCF를 코팅한 공기극을 이용한 단위전지에서 150mA/cm²의 전류를 흘려주었을 때 0.84V의 성능을 1000hr 유지하였다. 이는 기존의 NiO 전극을 사용했을 때보다 15~20mV 높은 값이다. 낮은 작동온도에서도 좋은 성능을 보였는데, 기존의 NiO 전극의 경우 630?C에서 0.79V의 성능을 보인 반면 LSCF가 코팅된 공기극의 경우 620?C에서 0.811V의 매우 좋은 성능을 보였다. 이는 LSCF의 산소이온전도성 및 전기전도성이 공기극에서의 분극을 낮추어 성능을 증가시키는 것으로 보인다.

Comparative analysis of bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of tomato by culture-dependent and -independent approaches

Shin Ae Lee,Jiyoung Park,Bora Chu,Jeong Myeong Kim,Jae-Ho Joa,Mee Kyung Sang,Jaekyeong Song,Hang-Yeon Weon 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.12

The microbiome in the rhizosphere–the region surrounding plant roots–plays a key role in plant growth and health, enhancing nutrient availability and protecting plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. To assess bacterial diversity in the tomato rhizosphere, we performed two contrasting approaches: culture-dependent and -independent. In the culturedependent approach, two culture media (Reasoner’s 2A agar and soil extract agar) were supplemented with 12 antibiotics for isolating diverse bacteria from the tomato rhizosphere by inhibiting predominant bacteria. A total of 689 bacterial isolates were clustered into 164 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity, and these were found to belong to five bacterial phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes). Of these, 122 OTUs were retrieved from the antibiotic-containing media, and 80 OTUs were recovered by one specific antibiotic-containing medium. In the culture-independent approach, we conducted Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and obtained 19,215 high-quality sequences, which clustered into 478 OTUs belonging to 16 phyla. Among the total OTUs from the MiSeq dataset, 22% were recovered in the culture collection, whereas 41% of OTUs in the culture collection were not captured by MiSeq sequencing. These results showed that antibiotics were effective in isolating various taxa that were not readily isolated on antibiotic-free media, and that both contrasting approaches provided complementary information to characterize bacterial diversity in the tomato rhizosphere.