복강경 충수 돌기 절제술과 개복 충수 돌기 절제술의 비교

천승희,민석기,이현국,한운섭 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2004 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.27 No.1

목적 : 복강경 충수절제술을 시행한 환자군과 개복 충수 절제술을 시행한 환자군을 대상으로 입원 기간, 수술 시간, 합병증, 병리학적 진단, 수술 후 진통제 사용 횟수 등을 비교 분석하여 복강경 충수 절제술의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2001년 3월부터 2004년 6월까지 이화 여자 대학교 의과대학 부속 목동 병원 외과에서 복강경 충수 절제술을 시행한 57예와 개복 충수 절제술을 시행한 1193예를 대상으로 하였다. 개복 충수 절제술 1193예 중 무작위로 61예를 추출하여 복강경 충수 제절술 시행군과 연령 및 성별, 수술 시간, 술 후 합병증, 술 후 통증, 입원기간 등을 의무 기록을 이용하여 후향적으로 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 복강경 절제술과 개복 절제술간 연령대 별로 큰 차이는 보이지 않았으나 20대 이전의 연령층에서는 복강경 절제술에 비해 개복 절재술이 많았고 20~30대의 젊은 연령층에서는 복강경 수술이 더 많이 시행되었으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 남자에서는 개복 절세술 군이 많았고, 여자의 경우는 복강경 절제술이 많았으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 수술 시간의 겨이우 복강경 절제군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았고 입원 기간의 경우 복강경 절제군에서 더 짧은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 가스 배출과 유동식 섭취 시작까지의 기간은 복강경 절제군에서 더 짧은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 술 후 진통제 투여 횟수는 복강경 절제군에서 오히려 더 많았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 술 후 합병증은 복강경 절제군에 비해 개복 절제군에서 많았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 복강경 절제군에 비해 개복 절제군에서 천공성 충수염의 빈도가 높았으나 통계학적 의의는 없었다. 결론 : 복강경 충수 절제술은 개복 충수 절제술과 비교하여 수술 시간 이외에는 차이가 없었으며, 오히려 회복이 빠른 경향을 나타내고, 미용적으로 우수하였다. 그러므로, 최소 침습 수술의 한 방법으로 충수 절제술에 대한 치료에서 선택적인 환자에 있어서는 유용하고 안전한 수술 방법이라고 생각한다. Objective : The purpose of study is to compare the laparoscopic appendectomy with the open appendectomy in the clinical outcomes. Methods : From March 2001 to June 204, a total 118 appendectomy were retrospectively reviewed. These were comprised of 57 laparoscopic appendectomy (LA), and 61 open appendectomy (OA) selected by random method among 1193 poen appendectomy cases during same period. Hospital stay, length of operation times, recovery of bowel function, postoperative complication, postoperative pain, pathologic classification were compared in both groups. Results : The operation times were 68.6 minutes (LA) and 51.6 minutes (OA), respectively (p=0.021). There no statistical differences in the duration of hospital stay, recovery of bowel function, complication rate, although LA group trend the shorter duration of the hospital stay, faster recovery of bowel function and low rarte of complication than OA group. The patient's satisfaction was higher in LA group than OA because of the operation wound scar. Conclusions : The LA was no difference clinical outcomes except operation time as compared with OA. LA, however, may be have the merit of minimal invasive surgery and satisfaction of patient. So, LA method is attractive option for the management of appendicitis.

적응 루프법을 이용한 진화적 구조 위상 최적설계

황승민,박재용,임민규,오영규,한석영 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

This paper presents a reliability-based topology optimization (RBTO) using bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO). Topology optimization is formulated as volume minimization problem with probabilistic displacement constraint. Young's modulus, external load and thickness are considered as uncertain variables. In order to compute reliability index, four methods, i.e., RIA, PMA, SLSV and ADL(adaptive-loop), are used. Reliability-based topology optimization design process is conducted to obtain optimal topology satisfying displacement and reliability index constraints with the above four methods, and then each result is compared with respect to numerical stability and computing time.

釜山市 都心街路邊 建築物 外部空間의 綠化에 관한 硏究

金承煥,韓昌錫 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.1

This study is aimed at improving the quality of city image. So I anaylized the characteristics of outer space of building and the factors of landscaping in main downtown area of Pusan. I gained the results as follows; 1. The outer space of building is regarded as private space and the townspeople's be made to approaching is restricted. Thus consideration and legal actions should have the outer space open to the townspeople to feel comfort in the city. 2. The outer space of building is not walker-oriented but car-oriented and the formation of space and landscaping is passive. The selection of place of parking lot entrance should be carefully made and the space for human should be constituted. 3. The building law is passive for it could not give flexibility to the constitution of city image and deal with only building and building site. So detail items should be made to cover the plane and three-dimentional using of building site. 4. The study on the characteristics and functions of tree, the functions of facilities, and utility should be done to positively induce comfort factor or the outer space of building. 5. As time goes by, the landscaping spaces increase in the outer space of building in main downtown areas, but there is still difficulty in maturing in quality. And also there is a problem of general balance with surrounding facilities. In this study, I tried to find out the attributions of Landscaping Concerning the outer space of Street building in Pusan but it was beyond my power. But I thought the real condition of case area was similar to the general type of other areas. I hope future study will be more in detail in improvement plan of landscaping and using plan of the outer space of building.

마우스 Myeloma Cell P3-X63-Ag8.653 및 T Cell Hybridome DO11.10에서의 Programmed Cell Death 유발 특성 비교

임석원,정용훈,최용,한승룡,조양자 한양대학교 의과대학 1998 한양의대 학술지 Vol.18 No.2

This study was aimed to prove that the death of HGPRT myeloma V653 by aminopterin treatment is due to PCD. This PCD was also compared with a relatively well-defined dexamethasone-induced PCD of T-cell hybridoma DO11.10. And these PCD systems were further characterized by inhibiting protein synthesis with cycloheximide, inhibiting mRNA synthesis with actinomycin-D, increasing intracellular calcium with calcium ionophore A23187. Induction of c-myc, an universal apoptosis gene, was also compared between these 2 systems. Viability of V653 cell was decreased by aminopterin-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment of aminopterin, this decrease of viability began in 6 hours and was accelerated in 12-18 hours. DNA fragmentation of V653 was detectable at 3 hours of incubation and peaked in 12-18 hours. Patterns of decrease in cell viability and increase in DNA fragmentation of dexamethasone-treated DO11.10 cells was similar to that of aminopterin-treated V653 cell, but the progress was much slower. The decrease in cell viability and increase in DNA fragmentation of aminopterin-treated V653 cells were inhibited by protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, and RNA synthesis inhibitor actinomycin-D. In contrast the decrease in cell viability and increase in DNA fragmentation of dexamethasone-treated DO11.10 cell were accelerated by cycloheximide and actinomycin-D additions. Ca^2+ ionophore A23187 addition to aminopterin-treated V653 cells and dexamethasone-treated DO11.10 accelerated the decrease in cell viability and the increase in DNA fragmentation of both cells. In northern blot analysis, induction of c-myc gene was observed in aminopterin-treated V653 cell reached peak at 2hours and thern decreased drastically. Induction of c-myc gene in dexamethasone-treated DO11.10 cells was much slower and the fold of gene induction was much lower than that of aminopterin-treated V653 cell. Ultrastructural changes during the death process were observed by using electron microscope. Dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) and detachment of ribosomes were the earliest ultrastructural changes, which were observed in 30 minutes after death induction. The results of this study suggest that aminopterin-induced selective elimination of fusion partner V653 myeloma cell is due to PCD, and that this process requires de novo protein and RNA synthesis in which a Ca^2+ -mediated signal transduction pathway is involved.

파트너십에 의한 옥상녹화조성 사례연구 : 부산광역시 서구를 사례로

강훈,한창석,김승환 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2007 硏究論文集 Vol.31 No.1

The study aims at suggesting a new model of rooftop greening by the partnership. For this purpose, this study was applied in the rooftop of Amnam Park Office and investigated application process of planning, design and construction under rooftop greening system by the partnership. We have also examined the validity of the system and the roles and effects of the partnership. The study was proceeded as follows ; First, it was described the purpose and method of the study. Second, it was considered on the concept, trend, type of rooftop greening with research paper. Third, it was designated the rooftop of Amnam Park Office as the best place in order to apply in rooftop greening, and then suggested a new model of the rooftop greening was planned, designed and constructed as the application of the rooftop greening by the partnership. Finally, it was estimated the rooftop greening model as designed by the partnership.

체적제어를 이용한 신뢰성 기반 위상 최적화

박재용,황승민,임민규,오영규,박재용,한석영 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

This paper presents a reliability-based topology optimization (RBTO) using bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO). An actual design involves uncertain conditions such as material property, operational load and dimensional variation. Deterministic topology optimization (DTO) is obtained without considering of uncertainties related to the uncertainty parameters. However, the RBTO can consider the uncertainty variables because it has the probabilistic constraints. In this paper, the reliability index approach (RIA) is adopted to evaluate the probabilistic constraint. RBTO based on BESO starting from various design domains produces a similar optimal topology each other. Numerical examples are presented to compare the DTO with the RBTO.

ESO기법을 이용한 신뢰성 기반 형상 최적설계

오영규,박재용,황승민,임민규,박재용,한석영 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

This paper presents a reliability-based shape optimization (RBSO) using the evolutionary structural optimization (ESO). An actual design involves uncertain conditions such as material property, operational load and dimensional variation. The deterministic optimization (DO) is obtained without considering uncertainties related to uncertainty parameters. However, the RBSO can consider the uncertainty variables because it has the probabilistic constraints. In order to determine whether the probabilistic constraint is satisfied or not, simulation techniques and approximation methods are developed. In this paper, the reliability-based shape design optimization method is proposed by utilizing the reliability index approach (RIA), performance measure approach (PMA), single-loop single-vector (SLSV), adaptive-loop (AOL) are adopted to evaluate the probabilistic constraint. In order to apply the ESO method to the RBSO, a sensitivity number is defined as the change in the displacement. Numerical examples are presented to compare the DO with the RBSO. The results of design example show that the RBSO model more reliable than deterministic shape optimization.

순차적 크리깅기법을 이용한 미소혼합기의 최적화

박재용,유진식,황승민,임민규,오영규,김용대,한석영,맹주성 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

An active micro-mixer, which is composed of an oscillating micro-stirrer in the micro-channel to provide effective mixing was optimized. The effects of molecular diffusion and disturbance by the stirrer were considered with regard to two types of mixer models: the simple straight micro-channel and micro-channel with an oscillating stirrer. Two types of mixer models were studied by analyzing mixing behaviors such as their interaction after the stirrer. The mixing was calculated by Lattice Boltzmann methods using the D2Q9 model. In this study, the time-averaged mixing index formula was used to estimate the mixing performance of time-dependent flow. The mixing indices of the two models were compared. From the results, it was found that the mixer with an oscillating stirrer was much more enhanced' and stabilized. Therefore, an approximate optimization of an active micro-mixer with an oscillating stirrer was performed using Kriging method with OLHD (Optimal Latin Hypercube Design) in order to determine the optimal design variables. The design parameters were established as the frequency, the length and the angle of the stirrer. The optimal values were obtained as 1.5754, 0.803D and ±45°, respectively. It was found that the mixing index of the optimal design increased by 83.36% compared with that of the original design.

양방향 요소제거법을 이용한 신뢰성 기반 최적설계

유진식,박재용,황승민,임민규,오영규,한석영 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

This research presents a Reliability-Based Topology Optimization (RBTO) using Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO). An actual design involves uncertain conditions such as material property, operational load and dimensional variation. Deterministic Topology Optimization (DTO) is obtained without considering of uncertainties related to the uncertainty parameters. However, RBTO involves evaluation of probabilistic constraints, which can be done in two different ways, the reliability index approach (RIA) and the performance measure approach (PMA). The reliability index approach (RIA) and the performance measure approach (PMA) are adopted to evaluate the probabilistic constraints. In order to apply the BESO method to the RBTO, sensitivity number is defined as the change in the reliability index due to the addition or the removal of the ith element. In the BESO, a mesh-independency filter using nodal variables is used to remove the checkerboard patterns. The optimal topologies of RIA and PMA are obtained very similarly. It is shown that RBTO based on BESO can be effectively applied from the presented examples.

신뢰성 지수에 의한 위상최적화

임민규,박재용,황승민,오영규,박재용,한석영 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

The objective of this work is to integrate reliability analysis into topology optimization problems. The reliability index determines design domain and uncertainty value. The elemental sensitivity numbers are calculated from finite element analysis and then converted to the nodal sensitivity numbers in the design domain. A mesh-independency filter using nodal variables is introduced to determine the addition of elements and eliminate unnecessary structural details below a certain length scale in the design. To further enhance the convergence of the optimization process, the accuracy of elemental sensitivity numbers is improved by its historical information. Application of the RBTO model gives a different topology relative to DTO. It is found that the RBTO model yields more reliable optimal topologies than those produced by DTO.