Ribosomal DNA의 ITS영역 염기서열 분석에 의한 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.의 계통분류학적 유연관계

高昇柱,洪承範,姜熙玩,劉勝憲,柳震彰 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1998 생물공학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.와 비병원성 A. alternata의 계통분류학적 유연관계를 규명하기 위하여 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria 6균, 비병원성인 A. alternata 그리고 비교균으로서 소형포자를 형성하는 A. brassicicola, 대형포자를 형성하는 A. solani의 ribosmal DNA의 5.8S를 포함한 ITS영역의 염기 서열을 분석하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Alternaria spp.의 rDNA ITS영역의 염기서열 크기는 548∼562bp였으며 5.8S rDNA에서는 비교종간에 서로 일치하였고 ITS I에서는 종간 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 2. 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.의 rDNA의 ITS영역의 염기서열은 비병원성인 A. alternata의 염기서열과는 서로 일치하였으나 A. brassicicola와는 3%, A. solani와는 7%의 염기서열 차를 보였다. 3. 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.는 비병원성 A. alternata와 진화적으로 매우 가까운 유연관계를 나타내었다. The regions of internal transcribed spacer(ITS) including 5.8S ribosomal DNA(rDXA) from six host-specific toxin(HST) producing Alternaria spp. nonpathogenic A. alternata. A. solani and A. brassicicola were sequenced to assess their relationship in taxonomy. There was no difference in the sequences of ITS including 5.8S rDNA among the HST-producing Alternaria spp. and nonpathogenic A. alternata. However, the sequences of HST-producing Alternaria spp. were different from those of A. solani and A. brassicicola by about 7% and 3%, respectively. These results suggest that HST-producing Alternaria spp. are evolutionarily very close to non pathogenic A. alternata although they have host-specific pathogenecity.

金井山 林道開設에 따르는 問題点에 관한 硏究

이경재,류창희,김승환,박승범 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1993 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.2 No.1

Mt. Gum-Jung is a very important mountain of Pusan which is connected to the large branch of Mt. Baek-Du, range including Mt. Baek-Du, Mt. Un-Ju, Mt. Ka-Zi, Chui-Seo and Mt. Gum-Jung. It is also attached to Nak-Dong river linked to Mt. Baek-Yang and Mt. Seung-Hak. Regarding the Korean peninsula as one natural ecosystem, the large branch of Mt. Gum-Jung. Therefore, it is very important to primarily preserve it from ecological point of view. In case of constructing the forest road, the width of the road is 4 meters approximately, but the actual damaged width of the forest which includes the shoulder of both sides of the road, drainage ditches and the areas cutting the lower plants of trees, will be around 20∼28 meters. Since the forest road paved with concrete pavements and the gravel divides the ecosystem of the forests and thus destroys the ecological system, it should be paved with the natural materials, such as soils, herbals and so forth. The forests of Mt. Gum-Jung which have almost been in the 2nd transitional stage, have some areas showing active ecosystem restoration, such as Carpinus spp., so they should be preserved very thoroughly. The marshy ecosystem of about 27,720㎡ which is at the height of 600meters above sea level, west to North Gate of Mt. Gum-Jung Castle, has the high watertable formed naturally. The existence of the marshy at the near of the mountain top is a remarkably rare phenomenon, the preservation of as the marshy ecosystem is absolutely necessary. At present, this area is completely destroyed by the thoughtless use. Furthermore, the construction of the drainage due to the forest roads may cause the change of the waterable height of the marshy ecosystem. The construction of the forest road near to the to of the mountain, having th egood landscape and the historic relics, results in many problems with the landscape. Putting together, the construction of the forest roads should consider the totality of Mt. Gum-Jung instead of only considering forest preservation. Also the scientific method of a sustainable use should be sought, which fully incorporates the problems such as the width and size of the forest roads, the pavement methods and materials, and the choice of sites without ecological and landscape problems.

여말선초 시학사의 구도를 위하여 -방법으로서의 전고(典故)-

김승룡 ( Kim Seung-ryong ),류재민 ( Ryu Jae-min ) 한국한문학회 2017 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.0 No.65

이 글은 여말선초 시학사의 구도를 준비하기 위한 방법을 모색하고자 하였다. 기존 시학사의 구도는 하나의 線을 이루지만, 그것이 개별 작품을 통해 구체적으로 검증해 낼 수 있는지는 확실하지 않다. 더구나 여말선초는 일찍이 하나의 흐름으로 파악되어 본 적이 없는 바, 전철을 밟지 않고 새롭게 준비될 방법이 필요하다. 이에 여말선초 시인으로 꼽히는 유방선을 중심에 놓고, 시학전통의 계승과 단절을 읽는 방법으로 `典故`를 주목하였다. 유방선은 고려말의 이색ㆍ이숭인ㆍ권근ㆍ변계량(`선배`)의 계보를 이어 받아, 서거정ㆍ 이승소ㆍ성간(`후배`) 등 조선초를 대표하는 문인들을 길러내었다. 유방선은 창작에 있어 표절 혐의를 받을 정도로 앞선 이들의 시문을 적극 차용했는데, 이는 그가 선배들의 시적 성취를 계승해 자신의 창작의 근거로 삼았음을 보여준다. 실제 작품을 통해 검증한 결과, 유방선이 선배의 시적 성취를 차용하여 후배에까지 전수된 시적 표현이 있는 반면, 후배에게 선택받지 못한 표현도 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 특정한 시적 표현이 계승되고 단절되는 사이에서 유방선이 연결고리 역할을 했던 것이다. 한시에 있어 전고를 관류하는 핵심원리는 `번역`이라고 할 수 있다. 고려들은 전고 를 번역함으로써 전고 출발지의 서사를 전유하였고, 이는 `또 하나의 전통`(`한국적 전고`)이 되어 그들의 창작을 풍요롭게 했다. 그 창작은 다시 `또 하나의 전고`가 되었고, 조선인들은 이 전고를 번역하여 그들의 시공간에서 창작하였다. 이처럼 전고의 계승과 단절은 새로운 전고의 창신과 파괴로 이어지면서 한반도의 시학사를 구성하고 있었던 것이다. 차후 `전고와 번역`을 화두로 하여 한국한시사의 맥락을 찾고, 그 시적 전통의 계승과 단절을 추적할 수 있기를 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to find a way to newly construct history of poetics in late Goryeo and early Joseon. In the event of understanding composition of the poetry history through the existing way, the big stream can be comprehended but it cannot be confirmed that it applies to individual works. Particularly, a new way is required for this since it has never been figured out as a single stream in late Goryeo and early Joseon. This study will try to grasp the meaning of the succession and discontinuity of the poetic tradition through the `authentic precedent` based on a model of the poet, Yu Bang-Sun in late Goryeo and early Joseon. Yu Bang-Sun inherited the genealogy of Lee Saek, Lee Sung-In, Kwon Geun, and Byeon Gye-Ryang in late Goryeo, and brought up the literary persons who are representing Seo Geo-Jeong, Lee Seung-So, Seong Gan in early Joseon. Yu Bang-Sun has actively borrowed the works of his predecessors, enough to be accused of plagiarism when creating poetry. This shows the basis of his own creation by succeeding in the poetic achievements of his predecessors. As a result of verifying through actual works, the poetic tradition borrowed by Yu Bang-Sun continued to the next generations and stopped at him. Yu Bang-Sun played the role of connecting link while the tradition of the poetry history was succeeded and discontinued. The core principle of the authentic precedent in terms of Chinese poem is "translation". Authentic precedent translated by Goryeo`s authors has become a `new tradition` (`Korean authentic precedent`) and enriched their creative work. The creations that were born in such way became `authentic precedent` again. The authors of Joseon made their own creations through translating this new authentic precedent. Thus, the history of Korean poetics was made up through succession and discontinuity of authentic precedent. It is desired that we will find out the context of history of Korean poetics and keep track of the succession and disconnection of the poetic tradition based on the keyword of `authentic precedent and translation` in the future.

옥스퍼드 대학의 학풍과 칼리지

류승희 원광대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

A study of history of colleges, nowadays, gives great consideration as an area of historic researches. It reflects that the institutional system and the organization of colleges have even social constitution and character of nation and society. In fact, this might show its vision and perspective in the future. Generally speaking, colleges were existed as merely 「universitas magistorumet scholiarum」 until French Revolution broke out. The first university colleges appeared in Paris at the end of the twelfth century. These were nothing more than the modest pious foundation serving to provide shelter for a handful of students. The first genuine colleges were established in Paris. Then they were builted in England as well in the middle of the thirteenth century when the expansion of the universities was beginning to pose serious practical problems. In Paris, the mention should be made of the colleges of the Sorbonne 1257 and of Harcourt 1280: in Oxford, there were Merton 1263-4, Balliol 1261-6 and University College around 1280, and as Cambridge, Perterhouse 1284. Their organization took its inspiration in the main from that of the mendicant monasteries, which had been established as early as the 1220's within these universities, for the use of students belonging to these orders. Endowed with land, properties, and rents, these colleges considered it their mission to take in a given number of students for a specified period of time. The first colleges included establishment reserved for the use of the monks of a paticular abbey or order and which were more of less assimilated to priories. Although there were more colleges at Paris than elsewhere, they were often small establishments meant for young students of arts; they had very little independence and were strictly supervised by the external authorities, whether ecclesiastical or university. The English colleges were more independent and democratic fellows being predomintly bachelors of arts and theology students. The College, or domus scholarium as it was first called, began as a boarding-house for poor students, then became an autonomous or semiautonomous academy community of men living and studying together in an endowed building. Whoever their founders were, whether princes, important officers, ecclesiastical dignitaries, of former regents, the colleges of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries were regarded less as simple lodging-houses for 'poor scholars' and more as privileged institution serving to guarantee their members, at the price of a degree of discipline, the best conditions for work and study, in other words, to constitute a student elite. I should like to give consideration about humanism. Because it gave an impulse to academic tradition for english medieval colleges during the twelfth century. Humanism rediscovered the ancient authors, who as representatives of pagan antiquity, had fallen into oblivion. According to this view, humanism helped the secular motions of the ancients to make their way against Christian religious sentiment and against the scholastic philosophy. Medieval studies have quite rightly reminded us of the point of shinning light in the 'dark' aged and have shown the revival of classical forms of culture and thought. Humanism first appeared outside the universities, and a new generations it was assimilated by the main centre of society. Elite education in scientific and scholarly subjects had its completement in the efforts of the humainst to work out a pattern of seondary education as a preparation for study at the university as well as for political leadership and economic enterprise.

충격관을 이용한 메탄의 연소반응 연구

류시옥,이승철,송병수,황순묵 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2001 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.29 No.1

Study on the ignition of methane fuel system highly diluted with argon was carried out in the temperature range of 1515∼1905K behind a reflected shock wave to investigate the rate coefficients for the reaction CH3+O2=CH3O+O. Ignition delay times were measured by monitoring the light absorption by methyl radical at ca. 214nm and pressure profiles. Computer modeling study of methane oxidation was also performed using a GRI_MECH, version 2.11 mechanism for sensitivity analysis and calculation of ignition delay times. The correlation of τp with the maximum heat release rate (dq/dt)max in the reaction zone was also investigated.

Desdemona 사랑의 비극적 동인

류승희 대불대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.3 No.1

This paper aims to inquire into the tragic motives of Desdemona's love. She grows to love Othello because she pities the sufferings of his youth. She marries him ignoring of the big difference of his race, culture and age from hers and the objection of her father and the social convention in Venice. It is only based on their love and faith in each other. The primary tragic motive is her exceptional marriage. That's why white Desdemona marries to black Othello. It is unacceptable not only to her father, but also to the Venetian society. However, if Othello had much time to get to know his wife and adapt himself to Venice, he wouldn't fall into Iago's intrigue and result in strangling honest Desdemona. The second one is their characters, a part of which is their tragic flaws. Othello's is his credulousness, violent passion, extreme disposition and racial inferiority complex which has been resulted from the Venetian negative view on black men and gets to be a base of lago's intrigue later. Desdemona has a double-sided character. She is active and self-righteous. She is, on the other hand, innocent and passive. That's why in the first part, she is so active to speak out her opinion on her love and marriage even before the senators of Venice, but in the latter half she is hopelessly passive to protect herself from Othello's suspicion. The third motive is the fact that in their reality there is Iago as an evil element who continuously intrigues to break down their love and marriage because of his hatred and revenge on Othello. lago attacks Othello pertinently in accordance with the circumstances under the mask of honesty. He gets seized with jealousy, which is not his own quality but the result from his failure against lago's attack. In the end, Desdemona is strangled by her husband, Othello, who is a lover she has loved until her death at the sacrifice of everything she has. In conclusion, her love results in a tragic one by the interaction between the characters and flaws of Othello and Desdemona, and their tragic reality

생리 활성 세라믹 분말이 첨가된 포장용 LDPE 필름의 새로운 에틸렌 평형 용해 모델

류동완,정재철,심승우,박찬영 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

This work investigates a new model that predicts the equilibrium solubility of gaseous component with polymer film. The new model regards the gas concentration in fluid phase as depressing factor in desorption from the surface of the film. The final mathematical form describes actual observation well with its second order form. The over all figure of the equilibrium solubility is sigmoid that one sees frequently in experiments. The only disadvantage of this model is the bulk concentration appears in denominator that induces the expression becomes infinite if the concentration is none. Insertion of one constant added to the concentration term in the denominator defeats this shortcoming. The following is the mathmatical form of the net rate of dissolution and the equilibrium solubility, respectively. □ Also, this paper presents the logical method obtaining the parameters from the experimental equilibrium data for the ethylene dissolution in LDPE film that had incorporated a ceramic powder with selective gas permeability. Finally, the dependency of the equilibrium parameters, KA, Cmax, the others to the weight fraction of the powder and appears to be linear and presented to follow : The parameters were calculated by soluble equilibrium constant, KA, maximum soluble concentration, Cmax and soluble rate constant, k+ for ethylene gas permeated through LDPE packaging films containing the ceramic powders 0∼6wt% at 20℃, the above model being applied. The values showed 1.45×106∼3.70×106[(㎤/mol)2], 2.30×10-3~2.92×10-3 [mo1/㎠sec]and 0.273∼0.405[㎤/mol sec], respectively.

소방구급대원의 응급처치 적절성 평가와 재교육 필요성

류석용,김원율,김경환,이상래,이경호,김홍용,이승한 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Background: The prehospital emergency medical system(EMS) for 119 rescue has progressed considerably, but leaves much to be desired. To improve prehospital EMS, we need to evaluate prehospital patient care, and reeducation. Methods: The records of 1,882 patients, who visited Sanggye Paik Hospital Emergency Department via 119 rescue from April 1 to July 30, 1999, were analyzed according to the quality of patient care as documented by the 119 rescue protocol and database. Patients are grouped into 5 classes based on the quality of the care received. Class 1A received adequate care, class 1B received inadequate care, class 1C did not receive the necessary care, and class 2A received unnecessary care, class 2B did not receive unnecessary care. The results of such analyses are presented to the fireman at monthly meetings, thus reeducating them. Results: The overall results were 1027 cases in Class 1A(55%), 83 in 1B(4%), 149 in 1C(8%), 21 in 2A(1%), and 602 in 2B(32%). Well performed care(1A+2B) occured in 1629 cases(87%) and badly performed care(1B+1C+2A) occured in 253cases(13%). Well perfomed care gradually increased from April to July (April 83%, May 85%, June 87%, and July 89%). Conclusion: Meticulous appraisal of the quality of prehospital patient care and reeducation through the regular meetings of EMS physicians and firemen in each community is needed for developing a model protocol for indirect retrospective medical control of the prehospital EMS.

무선인터넷에서 멀티미디어 구현방안

류승의,한계섭 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2003 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.11 No.1

The populations of wireless mobile internet users are rapidly increasing now days. On Demanding of this technological trends, the needs of multimedia contents on the networks of wireless mobile internet systems are urqently required to realizing our own desires. According to the needs of our wireless mobile users for multimedia communications without any problem or any trouble on the wireless internet, this study shows to solve those problems for realizing some effective structuring method through wireless internet by using various multimedia contents more rapid communications.

부부의 갈등해소양식 변화에 미치는 의사소통기술훈련과 신념변화 훈련의 효과

류승하,신완수 효성여자대학교 학생생활지도연구소 1999 生活硏究 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study was to explore the comparative effectiveness of the developed communiacation-skill-training(CST) and belief-change-training (BCT) on the change of the marital conflict resolution styles. In order to accomplish the purpose, this study was to set up the following hyphotheses: There are statistically significant differences among CST, BCT and control group subjects on the change of mean scores for the conflict resolution styles. The measurement instrument using in this study was Thomas-Kilmann Conflict mode instrument(1974) composed of five subscales which is collaborating, compromising, forcing, accomodating and avoiding style. Subjects used in this study were the thirty three female volunteers who wanted to enroll in the trained and nontrained groups. They were assigned to one of the three groups(CST, BCT and control group). Twenty two females in the trained groups received a six days, twelve hour training program to either CST or BCT. The nontrained group participated only in the pretest and posttest phase of the study. SPSS/PC 4.01 package was used to analyze the data from this study. In order to test statistical differences among mean scores of the subscales obtained after treatments carried out 2(pre and posttest) X 3(training group) ANOVA of the mixed design, simple main effect analysis and scheffe method. The conclusions obtained from the results are as follows: 1. CST and BCT not showed positive change effect on the collaborating conflict resolution style. 2. CST and BCT not showed positive change effect on the compromising conflict resolution style. 3. CST and BCT showed positive change effect on the forcing conflict resolution style. 4. BCT showed positive change effect on the accomodating conflict resolution style, but CST not showed positive change effect on the accomodating conflict resolution style. 5. CST and BCT showed positive change effect on the avoding conflict resolution style.