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Hong, Seokchan,Lee, Hyun Woong,Chang, Dong-Yeop,You, Sooseong,Kim, Jihye,Park, Jun Yong,Ahn, Sang Hoon,Yong, Dongeun,Han, Kwang-Hyub,Yoo, Ook Joon,Shin, Eui-Cheol The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2013 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.191 No.1
<P>Although studies investigating the nature of Ab-secreting cells (ASCs) during acute infection with influenza or dengue virus found that the ASC response was dominated by virus-specific IgG secretion, the Ag specificity and phenotype of ASCs during primary acute viral infection were not identified. To this end, we investigated the nature of ASCs in direct ex vivo assays from patients with acute hepatitis A caused by primary infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV). We found that the frequency of CD27<SUP>high</SUP>CD38<SUP>high</SUP> ASCs was markedly increased in the peripheral blood during the acute phase of HAV infection. Moreover, substantial numbers of ASCs were non-HAV–specific and dominantly secreted IgM. We detected HAV-specific ASCs by staining with fluorochrome-tagged HAV-VP1 protein. As compared with HAV-specific ASCs, non-HAV–specific ASCs were Ki-67<SUP>low</SUP>CD138<SUP>high</SUP>CD31<SUP>high</SUP>CD38<SUP>high</SUP>, demonstrating that non-HAV–specific ASCs had a bone marrow plasma cell–like phenotype whereas HAV-specific ASCs had a phenotype typical of circulating plasmablasts. These data suggest that non-HAV–specific ASCs might be mobilized plasma cells from the bone marrow or the spleen, whereas HAV-specific ASCs were newly generated plasmablasts. In this study, we provide evidence that pre-existing plasma cells are released into the circulation and contribute to Ag-nonspecific secretion of IgM during primary HAV infection.</P>
EFFICIENT PARAMETERS OF DECOUPLED DUAL SINGULAR FUNCTION METHOD
SEOKCHAN KIM,JAE-HONG PYO 한국산업응용수학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and A Vol.13 No.4
The solution of the interface problem or Poisson problem with concave corner has singular perturbation at the interface corners or singular corners. The decoupled dual singular function method (DDSFM) which exploits the singular representations of the solutions was suggested in [3, 9] and estimated optimal accuracy in [10]. The convergence rates consist with theoretical results even for the problems with very strong singularity, with the efficiency depending on parameters used in the methods. Furthermore the errors in L² and L<SUP>∞</SUP>-spaces display some oscillation, in the cases with meshsize not small enough. In this paper, we present an answer to remove the oscillation via numerical experiments. We observe the effects of parameters in DDSFM, and show the consisting efficiency of the method over the strong singularity.
A FINITE ELEMENT METHOD USING SINGULAR FUNCTIONS FOR HELMHOLTZ EQUATIONS: PART I
SEOKCHAN KIM,JAE-HONG PYO,JONGSIK LEE 한국산업응용수학회 2008 Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and A Vol.12 No.1
In [7, 8], they proposed a new singular function(NSF) method to compute singular solutions of Poisson equations on a polygonal domain with re-entrant angles. Singularities are eliminated and only the regular part of the solution that is in H² is computed. The stress intensity factor and the solution can be computed as a post processing step. This method was extended to the interface problem and Poisson equations with the mixed boundary condition. In this paper, we give NSF method for the Helmholtz equations -△u+Ku = f with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. Examples with a singular point are given with numerical results.
Shin, Kihyuk,Hong, SeokChan,Choi, Eun-Hye,Lim, Mi-Kyoung,Shim, Seung-Cheol,Ju, Ji-Hyeon,Lee, Seung-Hyo The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2013 Immune Network Vol.13 No.4
This study was conducted to determine whether CD4 T cell responses to citrullinated fibrinogen occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially in HLA-DR4-positive subjects. Whole peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA patients and control subjects were stimulated with citrullinated fibrinogen peptides, and T-cell production of proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-${\gamma}$(IFN-${\gamma}$) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A), were measured. In addition, CD4 T cells from RA patients were stimulated with the citrullinated fibrinogen peptide, $Fib-{\alpha}$ R84Cit, identified as a DRB1*0401-restricted T cell epitope in HLA-DR4 transgenic mice, and the degree of T cell activation was examined similarly. No proliferative responses to the citrullinated fibrinogen peptides were observed in whole PBMCs or CD4 T cells from RA patients. Furthermore, no increased production of IFN-${\gamma}$ or IL-17A was found in whole PBMCs or CD4 T cells stimulated with the citrullinated fibrinogen peptides, although these cells responded to recall antigen, a mixture of tetanus toxoid, purified protein derivative (PPD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Candida albicans. The results of this study indicate that anti-citrulline immunity in RA patients may be mediated by fibrinogen because there is no evidence of CD4 T cell-mediated immune responses to citrullinated fibrinogen peptides.
( Bon San Koo ),( Seokchan Hong ),( You Jae Kim ),( Chang Keun Lee ),( Bin Yoo ),( Yong Gil Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2015 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.22 No.5
Objective. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) during tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibiting therapy and to compare the incidence rate of uveitis in infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept. Methods. A retrospective evaluation was performed in AS patients who had started TNF-inhibiting therapy from June 2003 to June 2011. The clinical characteristics of patients with documented uveitis were evaluated. Results. Among 316 patients treated with TNF inhibitor, 26 patients (8%) had experienced uveitis during TNF-inhibiting therapy. Among them, 15 patients were treated with etanercept, eight with adalimumab, and three with infliximab. The overall incidence rate of uveitis flare during therapy with TNF inhibitor was 46 per 1,000 person-years (pys) (95% confidence interval [CI], 32 to 64). The incidence rate did not differ between TNF inhibitors, with 54/1,000 pys (95% CI, 34 to 81) for etanercept, 46/1,000 pys (95% CI, 21 to 87) for adalimumab, and 22/1,000 pys (95% CI, 5 to 64) for infliximab. Fourteen patients experienced a first episode of uveitis. The overall incidence rate of new onset-uveitis after therapy with TNF inhibitor was 19 per 1,000 pys (95% CI, 10 to 31). The incidence rate for etanercept was 24/1,000 pys (95% CI, 12 to 45); adalimumab, 15/1,000 pys (95% CI, 3 to 45); and infliximab, 7/1,000 pys (95% CI, 0 to 40). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of uveitis flare or the cumulative uveitis-free rate among the three TNF inhibitors. Conclusion. The relative rate of uveitis, including the first episode, was determined using the TNF inhibitor. However, there was no difference in the incidence rate of uveitis among the three TNF inhibitors. (J Rheum Dis 2015;22:288-292)
( Soo Min Ahn ),( Seokchan Hong ),( Doo-ho Lim ),( Byeongzu Ghang ),( Yong-gil Kim ),( Chang-keun Lee ),( Bin Yoo ) 대한내과학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.34 No.2
Background/Aims: Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study evaluated the clinical factors related to outcome in patients with SLE-associated ATM. Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with SLE-associated ATM between January 1995 and January 2015 were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups based on improvement of neurological deficits after treatment: favorable response group and unfavorable response group. During follow-up, the recurrence of ATM was also analyzed. Results: ATM was identified in 16 patients with SLE. All of the patients were treated with high doses of methylprednisolone (≥ 1 mg/kg daily). Although 12 patients (75%) recovered (favorable response group), four (25%) had persistent neurologic deficits (unfavorable response group) after the treatment. Compared to the favorable response group, significantly higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000, lower complement levels and initial severe neurologic deficits were found in the unfavorable response group. Among the 12 favorable response patients, five (41.7%) experienced recurrence of ATM during the follow-up. Patients (n = 5) who experienced relapse had a shorter duration of high-dose corticosteroid treatment (13.2 days vs. 32.9 days, p = 0.01) compared to patients who did not relapse. The mean duration of tapering-off the corticosteroid until 10 mg per day was significantly longer in non-relapse group (151.3 ± 60.8 days) than in relapse group (63.6 ± 39.4 days, p = 0.013). Conclusions: Higher disease activity in SLE and initial severe neurologic deficits might be associated with the poor outcome of ATM. Corticosteroid slowly tapering-off therapy might be helpful in preventing the recurrence of ATM.
Kwon, Bo-In,Hong, Seokchan,Shin, Kihyuk,Choi, Eun-Hye,Hwang, Jung-Joo,Lee, Seung-Hyo American Lung Association 2013 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.188 No.5
<P>Eosinophilic pleural effusion (EPE) is characterized by greater than 10% eosinophilia and is frequently associated with air and/or blood in the pleural cavity. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), defined as the spontaneous presence of air in the pleural space, is one of the most common causes of EPE. Recent studies have shown that type 2 immune responses play important roles in eosinophilic airway inflammation resulting in pleural pathology.</P>
( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Seokchan Hong ),( Dong Yeop Chang ),( Soo Seong You ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Dongeun Yong ),( Kwang Hyub Han ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Ook Joon Yoo ),( Eui Cheol Shin 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: The antigen-specificity and phenotypes of Antibody- secreting cells (ASCs) have not been studied during a primary acute viral infection. We investigated the nature of ASCs here by direct ex vivo assays in patients with acute hepatitis A (AHA) which is caused by the primary infection of hepatitis A virus (HAV). Methods: The study included 39 patients diagnosed with AHA infection who were hospitalized at Chung-Ang University Hospital or at Severance Hospital. All patients were seropositive for anti-HAV IgM, and all had clinical features of acute hepatitis. Peripheral blood samples at the acute stage were collected on the day of admission from all of the 39 patients. Follow- up sampling was performed at the subacute stage (5-14 days) or at the convalescent stage (35-150 days). Serum levels of the total IgM, IgG and the subisotype of IgG were measured by a CBA assay. ELISpot filter plates were coated overnight with anti-human Ig to detect the total IgM or IgG-secreting ASCs. Results: A robust plasmablast response was detected in peripheral blood during the acute stage and was dominated by IgM secretion. It was demonstrated that a substantial portion of the response was non-virus-specific in the study of the plasmablasts and the secreted IgM. We detected HAV-specific plasmablasts by staining with fluorochrome-tagged VP1 protein and compared them with non-HAV-specific plasmablasts. Non-HAV-specific plasmablasts have the phenotype of Ki- 67low/CD138high/CD31high/CD38high as compared with HAV-specific plasmablasts, demonstrating that non-HAV-specific plasmablasts have a bone marrow (BM) plasma cell-like phenotype while HAV-specific plasmablasts have a typical phenotype of circulating plasmablasts. Conclusions: These data suggest that non-HAV-specific plasmablasts are mobilized ASCs from the BM niches of plasma cells, whereas HAV-specific plasmablasts are newly generated ASCs. In this study, we demonstrated that pre-existing BM plasma cells are released to circulation during AHA and contribute to the non-virus-specific ASC response and IgM secretion.