Expression of the Na⁺-HCO₃⁻cotransporter and its role in pH_iregulation in guinea pig salivary glands

Li, Jingchao,Koo, Na-Youn,Cho, Ik-Hyun,Kwon, Tae-Hwan,Choi, Se-Young,Lee, Sung J.,Oh, Seog B.,Kim, Joong-Soo,Park, Kyungpyo American Physiological Society 2006 American journal of physiology, Gastrointestinal a Vol.291 No.6

<P>Patterns of salivary HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>secretion vary and depend on species and gland types. However, the identities of the transporters involved in HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>transport and the underlying mechanism of intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in salivary glands still remain unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of the Na<SUP>+</SUP>-HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>cotransporter (NBC) and its role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands, which can serve as an experimental model to study HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>transport in human salivary glands. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and pHimeasurements from BCECF-AM-loaded cells were performed. The amiloride-sensitive Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP>exchanger (NHE) played a putative role in pHiregulation in salivary acinar cells and also appeared to be involved in regulation in salivary ducts. In addition to NHE, NBC also played a role in pHiregulation in both acini and ducts. In the parotid gland, NBC1 was functionally expressed in the basolateral membrane (BLM) of acinar cells and the luminal membrane (LM) of ducts. In the submandibular gland, NBC1 was expressed only in the BLM of ducts. NBC1 expressed in these two types of salivary glands takes up HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>and is involved in pHiregulation. Although NBC3 immunoreactivity was also detected in submandibular gland acinar cells and in the ducts of both glands, it is unlikely that NBC3 plays any role in pHiregulation. We conclude that NBC1 is functionally expressed and plays a role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands but that its localization and role are different depending on the type of salivary glands.</P>

도농간 교육격차 해소를 위한 농촌지역 유형별 교육혁신 추진과제 탐색

나승일,정철영,구자억,박행모,장호순,김진구,마상진,조단비,문세연 한국농업교육학회 2007 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.39 No.1

이 연구는 교육혁신에 대한 이론적 고찰을 토대로 농촌지역 교육혁신 성공요소를 도출하고, 농촌의 지역특성을 고려하여 도농간 교육격차 해소를 위한 농촌지역 유형별 추진과제를 제시하는 데 목적이 있었다. 연구목적 달성을 위해 문헌고찰 및 사례연구를 실시하였고, 연구결과의 타당성 확보를 위해 전문가협의회를 실시하였다. 농촌지역 교육혁신 성공요소는 마을공부방 운영 등 26개가 최종적으로 도출되었다. 또한 농촌지역 교육혁신모형을 개발하여 목표와 전략을 수립하고, 이를 기초로 농촌지역 유형별 추진과제를 제시하였다. 농촌지역 교육혁신의 비전은 "도농간 교육격차 해소를 위한 교육혁신 실현으로 살고 싶은 농촌지역 구현" 으로 설정하고, 이를 달성하기 위한 목표는 도시수준의 교육기회 제공, 농촌형 수월성 교육 추구, 지역 인적자원개발로 설정하였다. 농촌지역 유형별 중점적으로 추진해야 할 과제는 발전 농촌지역은 마을 공부방 운영 및 학습도우미 지원, 중간수준 농촌지역은 교육환경 개선, 장학금 지원 및 다양한 교육기회 제공, 저개발 농촌지역은 기존 지원 유지, 적극적 학습 지원 및 교원의 근무여건 개선, 도농복합 농촌지역에서는 교통편의 제공, 학습기회 개선 및 학부모의 교육참여 유도 등이 선정되었다. 그리고 농촌지역 유형별 중점 추진과제에 대한 단계별 로드맵과 이를 적용하기 위한 정책적 제언을 제시하였다. The purpose of this research was to derive success factors and explore actions plan for the education innovation of rural areas for releasing education gaps between urban and rural areas. For the purpose, the researcher carried out literature reviews and case analysis were conducted, and experts council were executed. As a result, 26 success factors for the education innovation of rural area were derived. And, this study suggested the education innovation model of rural area including goals and strategies to identify action plan for the education innovation by types of rural areas. The vision of the education innovation model was making the place pleasant to live in by doing education innovation for releasing education gaps between urban and rural areas. The goals of the education innovation model were to provide urban-level educational opportunities, to pursue rural-customized education for excellency and to develope local human resources. This study identified several core tasks corresponding to each rural area: additional establishment and operation of village study-rooms and support for learning assistant system for highly-developed rural areas; improvement of educational condition and provision of scholarship and various educational opportunities for middle-developed rural areas; maintenance of existing support, active learning-support and improvement of teachers' working conditions for lowly-developed rural areas; provision of traffic convenience, improvement of learning opportunities and promotion of parents' educational participation for urban-rural complex areas. Moreover, this study suggested roadmap according to action plan divided by types of rural areas, and political proposal for effective actualization of that.

규산질 비료의 참외 흰가루병 발생 억제 효과

류나현,최미영,류연주,조현종,이용세,이영득,정종배 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

토양에 시용한 규산의 참외 흰가루병에 대한 직접적인 억제 효과와 살균제의 방제 효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 보조효과를 조사하였다. 규산질 비료의 처리는 철가루병 균에 의해 감염된 참외 잎에서 균사의 생장과 분생포자의 형성을 억제함으로써 흰가루병 발생을 일부 억제할 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 물론 규산질 비료 자체만의 흰가루병 발생 억제 효과는 매우 미약한 수준이었으나 살균제의 흰가루병 방제 효과를 크게 증진시켜줄 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 현재 농가 현장에서 밝혀지고 있는 규산질 비료의 참외 병해 발생 억제 효과는 주로 이러한 살균제의 효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 규산의 보조적인 작용에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 토양에 대한 적절한 수준의 규산질 비료의 시용은 살균제의 방제 효과 증진을 통하여 과다한 약제의 사용과 그에 따른 부작용을 경감시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 규산질 비료의 흰가루병 발생 억제 효과를 증진시키기 위해서는 앞으로 병의 발생을 최대로 억제할 수 있는 참외 잎 중의 적정 규소 함량에 대한 검토 등의 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것이다. Silicon is known to accumulate in plants and results in greater resistance to diseases and insect pests. In this study, we investigated the effect of silicate fertUizer applied in soil on the development of powdery mildew of oriental melon Oriental melon seedlings of four-leaf stage were transplanted and grown in a plastic film house. silicate fertilizer was applied to maintain soil available SiO₂ level of 200 ㎎/㎏ one week before transplanting. Fungicide trinumizol was sprayed three times; one, two, and three weeks after transplanting. Sphaerotheca fuliginea was inoculated 2 weeks after transplanting. The number of infected leaf and the number of fungal colony in leaves were measured one, two, and three weeks after the inoculation. Three weeks after the fungal inoculation, in the treatment of fungicide triflwnhl, infected leaf numbem and number of colony per leaf were reduced by 10 and 58% respectively. In the silicate fertilizer treatment, infected leaf numbers and numbers of colony per infected leaf were suppressed only by 6 and 16%, respectively, and the efficacy was lower than that of the fungicide triflumizol. The combined treatment of silicate fertilizer and the fungicide suppressed powdery mildew more effectively, and infected leaf numbem and numbem of colony per leaf were reduced by 31 and 80%, respectively. These results indicate that although silicate fertilizer itself is not much effective in the suppression of powdery mildew, it can significantly enhance the efficacy of the fungicide.

보리순의 영양성분 조성

서혜지,최용민,김상천,이준수,이기택,정명근,천지연,황진봉,남진식,서우덕,황영,김행란,김세나 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

응급실에 내원한 약물중독환자의 지역별 비교분석

임근우,박일영,유승진,나병호,오동렬,전해명,황주일,김세경 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

We reviewed retrospectively 230 patients who came to emergency room of Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital and Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital between 1. January and 31. December 1994. We classified them according to their age, sex, a sort of drug, the cause of poisoning, prehospital care, time-lapse to arrive at hospital after poisoning, psychiatric problem the status of patients. *We conclude as follows; 1. The male to female ratio was totally 1 : 1.98, 1 : 1.24 in a urban area, 1 : 2.43 in a rural area. 2. On age of the patients in this study, the peake incidence was between 20 and 39(55.2%). 3. On seasonal prevalence, the poisoning was most common in summer and spring, in urban area(35.7%) and rural area(37.0%) respectively. 4. The common drug were as follow; Doxylamine, Organophosphate, Acetaminophen in urban area, Paraquat, Organophospate, Doxylamine in rural area 5. The percentage of suicidal attempt were 81.8% and 87.7% in urban area and rural area respectively. 6. The poisoning patients had psychatric problem in 19.4% and 24.6%, in urban area and rural area respectively. 7. Before arrival to emergency room, 27.7% of patient was done prehospital care in rural area. 8. On arrival to emergency room, 95.1% and 73.8% of patients show stable vital sign in urban area and rural area respectively.

IGCC용 고온건식 탈화제의 반응속도 모사에 관한 연구

박소진,이영우,민세홍,나재익,위영호 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

고온건식 탈황공정에서 탈황제의 황화, 재생 반응은 비촉매 기고 반응이다. 이러한 비촉매 기고 반응의 수학적 모사는 실험데이터의 설명, 공정의 설계 그리고 scale-up에 있어서 매우 중요한 정보가 된다. 탈황제의 황화, 재생 반응에는 spray dryer로 제조된 zinc titanate 탈황제를 사용하였고, 변형된 미반응핵 모델식에 적용하여 각 반응의 반응속도를 해석한 결과 탈황제의 황화반응에는 화학반응 저항과 고체 상태의 확산 저항이 회합하여 전체반응속도를 지배하며, 이때 반응속도상수는 367.67cm/min 이었고 고체상태의 확산계수는 29.66cm²/min이었다. 또한 재생반응시에 는 화학반응 저항만이 전체반응의 저항으로 관여하며, 이때의 반응속도상수는 3.45x10e cm/min이었다. In the dry-type high temprature gas desulfurization process, sulfidation and regeneration reactions of desulfrrization sorbents are noncatalytic gas-solid reactions. The mathematical modeling of noncatalytic gas-solid reactions is improtant in order to interpret laboratory data and in design and scale-up. Zinc titanate sorbent to manufacture by spray dryer is used in sulfidation and regeneration reactions of desulfuization sorbents. The result which analyzes reaction rate of sulfidation reaction by applying each reactions to modified unreacted core model is that the global reaction rate is controlled by associating with chemical reaction resistance and solid state diffusion resistance. In this case,reaction rate constant is367.67e cm/min and solid state diffusion coefficient is 29.66e cm²/min Also gloval reaction rate of regeneration reaction is controlled only by chemical reaction resistance. In this case, reaction rate constant is 3.45x10e cm/min.

Botrytis cinerea에서 분비된 Laccase의 정제 및 특성

고경희,김나진,한세영,서기림 가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.24 No.-

Laccase는 페놀성 화합물과 아민 화합물등 많은 종류의 물질을 산화하는 특성 때문에 펄프 공업에서 펄프의 탈색에 이용되며 또한 염색 공업에서 폐염료의 분해에 이용된다. 본 연구에서는 Botrytis cinerea에서 분비하는 laccase를 분리 정제하여 몇 가지 효소의 특성을 조사하였다. 이 곰팡이의 배지로 Czapek-dox와 소량의 요소를 사용하여 비교적 높은 효소 활성을 얻을 수 있었다. 분비된 laccase는 이온교환 수지로 부분 정제하였으며 한 peak에서만 활성을 검출할 수 있었다. 효소의 특성으로 효소 활성이 가장 높은 pH는 2.6이었으며 최적 온도는 50℃이었다. 효소반응의 활성화 에너지는 일반적 산화반응의 값에 비하여 월등히 낮았다. 속도론적 상수 K_(m)값은 0.619mM이었다. 이 효소는 azide에 민감하여 낮은 농도에서 억제되었으며 cyanide에 의해서도 억제되었으나 azide보다 억제 효과가 낮았다. This study was performed to determine some physicochemical properties of laccase produced by Botrytis cinerea. This fungus was grown in liquid culture media of Czapek-dox broth plus urea. This media enhanced the production of laccase. Laccase was purified by precipitation and DEAE - Sepharose chromatography. Laccase activity could be detected at one peak, which meant the fungus excreted one kind of enzyme. Enzyme activity for oxidation of ABTS was highest at pH 2.6 and decreased with increasing pH. The optimum temperature of the enzyme reaction was 50℃ which was similar to those of laccases from other fungi and the average activation energy for laccase oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis -(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) was much lower than ordinary oxidation reaction without enzyme. The kinetic constant K_(m) was 0.619 mM using ABTS as substrate. Laccase was inhibited by azide and cyanide. NaN₃ was more inhibitory than NaCN.

비강 및 부비동에 발생한 반전성 유두종의 임상-병리조직학적 고찰

노용훈,이승학,전세영,김용기,나한조,최봉남,서재홍 조선의대 1995 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.20 No.2

De novo Hyponatremia in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis: A 12-month Observational Study

( Hyun Hee Lee ),( Soo Jung Choi ),( Heon Nam Lee ),( Sun Young Na ),( Jae Hyun Chang ),( Woo Kyung Chung ),( Se Joong Kim ) 대한신장학회 2010 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Hyponatremia occurs infrequently in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Nevertheless, one must understand its pathophysiology, since the therapeutic strategy differs from that of non-PD-related hyponatremia. This study examined the clinical features of hyponatremia in PD and evaluated the factors that may contribute to its development. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 51 normonatremic PD patients at Gachon University Gil Hospital, South Korea. Using the plasma sodium levels at month 13, the patients were divided into hyponatremia (Na+<135mEq/L) and normonatremia (Na+≥135mEq/L) groups. Then, the clinical variables of these patients were examined, including peritoneal function and adequacy tests, and biochemical parameters. Results: The de novo hyponatremia (n=8) and normonatremia (n=43) groups had no significant differences in baseline characteristics. At month 1, the serum albumin was lower in the hyponatremia group (p=0.022). In the peritoneal equilibration test analysis, the dialysate-to-plasma ratio for creatinine (D/Pcr) measured after 13 months differed significantly between the two groups (p=0.007), while the maximum dip in sodium did not differ. No significant differences were observed in the normalized protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance, Kt/V, or residual renal function. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the development of hyponatremia is associated with a lower initial serum albumin level and increased D/Pcr in patients undergoing PD. Therefore, the serum sodium levels should be monitored more carefully in these patients.

국산·수입산 동부를 이용한 모시잎송편의 영양성분비교

김영섭,김소민,오지연,황진봉,이기택,신정아,김상천,김세나,김행란,황영,최용민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2