광해군의 세자책봉요청을 둘러싼 조선과 명의 외교 교섭-『事大文軌』 속 외교문서를 중심으로-

정상호 ( Jeong¸ Sangho ) 고려대학교 역사연구소 2021 사총 Vol.104 No.-

조선 제15대 왕인 광해군은 선조의 차남이었다. 그는 임진왜란 발발 직후 세자로 책봉되었다. 그러나 명나라에서는 이것이 종법질서에 위배된다는 이유에서 광해군을 세자로 인정하는 것을 거부했다. 일반적으로 조선에서 왕세자를 책봉한 뒤에 조선은 명나라에 사신을 파견하여 이를 인정받는 절차를 거쳤다. 조선은 10여년 동안 명나라에 주청사를 파견하였지만 명나라는 계속해서 거부했고 결국 선조가 죽은 뒤에야 광해군을 국왕으로 인정하였다. 지금껏 광해군의 세자책봉 교섭에 관해서는 대개 실록의 기사를 기초로 하였다. 본문에서는 事大文軌에 수록된 외교문서를 바탕으로 조선과 명나라 사이에 10여년 동안 지속적이고 반복적인 교섭의 과정을 복원하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 광해군의 세자책봉 문제는 일방의 주장이 관철되거나 또는 조선이 요청을 하면 명나라에서는 허락 또는 거절을 하는 단순한 관계가 아니라 상호 대등한 관계에서 논쟁을 주고받는 형태였음을 알 수 있다. 또한 세자책봉 문제를 둘러싼 조선과 명나라 사이의 외교교섭은 사신을 파견하고 시작하여 회신을 받는 것에서 종결되는 일회성의 사건이 아니라 오랫동안 하나의 화두를 중심으로 담론이 누적되는 과정이었음을 확인할 수 있다. Gwanghaegun, the fifteenth king of the Joseon Dynasty, was the second son of Seonjo. He was established as the heir at the era of Wanli emperor of Ming Dynasty. However, because of the inconsistency with primogeniture, the Ming Dynasty did not authorize Gwanghaegun as the crown prince. For over ten years, Joseon sent envoys to the Ming Dynasty several times to acquire the Ming emperor’s approval to inaugurate Gwanghaegun as the heir of Joseon Dynasty. However, all of them returned without success. However, it was only after King Seonjo's death (1608) that the Ming Dynasty officially appointed the successor Gwanghaegun as king of Joseon Dynasty. Currently, research on the issue of Joseon Dynasty’s efforts for acquiring Ming’s investiture of Gwanghaegun is insufficient. This article will elaborate on the process of Gwanghaegun’s investiture by using the historical source, Sadaemungwe (事大文轨, The Exemplary Writings of Serving the Great).

선택적 버퍼링을 이용한 MPEG 비디오 스트림 다중화 기법

허정석,윤상호,김명균 울산대학교 2000 공학연구논문집 Vol.31 No.1

ATM 망에서 MPEG 비디오 스트림은 CBR과 VBR 서비스를 이용하여 전송한다. 그러나 MPEG 스트림 트래픽은 시간에 따라 크게 변하는 특성을 가지고 있어 대역폭을 낭비하지 않고 효율적으로 전송하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 지금까지 하나의 MPEG 비디오 스트림의 트래픽 특서 및 제어에 대한 연구는 많은 연구자들에 의해 이루어져 왔지만 여러 개의 MPEG비디오 스트림이 다중화기에 의해 다중화된 트래픽의 특성 및 제어에 대한 연구는 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 다중화기에 의해 다중화된 프래픽의 가변성 및 최대 셀 전송률을 줄이기 위한 다중화 방법을 제안한다. 다중화 트래픽의 최대 셀 전송률을 줄임으로써 이러한 트래픽을 가능한 대역폭의 낭비를 줄이면서 효율적으로 전송할 수 있게 된다. On ATM networks, MPEG videl stream is transferred using CBR or VBR services. But, because the MPEG video traffic varies greatly from time to time, it is very difficult to transfer the MPEG stream efficiently without loss of transmission bandwidth. Until now, the study on the traffic analysis and control on a single MPEG videl stream has been done by many researchers, but the trafic analysis and control on a multiplexed traffic of multiple MPEG video streams has not been studied by any researcher. This paper proposes a multiplexing method to reduce the PCR and traffic variance of a multiplexed traffic of multiple MPEG video streams. By reducing the PCR of the multiplexed traffic, the multiplexed VBR traffic can be transferred efficiently with less loss of transmission bandwidth.

Palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis in systemic sclerosis overlap syndrome

( Sangho Jeong ),( Won Park ),( Seong Ryul Kwon ),( Mie Jin Lim ),( Minjae Jo ),( Jeonghyun Shin ),( Kyong-hee Jung ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

The overlap syndrome between systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by a distinct genetic, immunological, and clinical entity. Patients with the overlap syndrome show a mixed serological pattern resembling both SSc and RA. Palisaded neutrophilicgranulomatous dermatitis (PNGD) is a type of inflammatory dermatosis associated with autoimmune disorder. PNGD has been reported to occur in patients with RA, systemic lupus erythematosus, lymphoproliferative disorders, systemic vasculitis, and other disorders. However, to our knowledge, the occurrence of PNGD in patients with SSc-RA overlap syndrome has not yet been reported. A 63-year-old woman presented with painful and itchy erythematous annular nodules in both the right and left soles. Approximately 1year ago, she was diagnosed with SSc RA overlap syndrome on the basis of the presence of swelling in her hands, sclerodactyly, Raynaud phenomenon, arthritis, and interstitial lung disease. She showed positive results for rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, and anti-topoisomerase-I antibody. The results of a biopsy of the nodules in her soles were consistent with PNGD. That is, interstitial and perivascular degenerated collagen bundles surrounded by neutrophils were observed in the deep dermis. She was diagnosed with PNGD accompanied by SSc-RA overlap syndrome. We continued the treatment for her underlying SSc-RA overlap syndrome and added dapsone and glucocorticoids. She was advised to avoid cold exposure and weight-bearing activities. Soon after, the lesion seemed to have improved. But three months later, it worsened, prompting us to prescribe additional glucocorticoids. At present, the lesion waxes and wanes. PNGD is known as a self-limiting disease, and management of the underlying disease is most important. However, PNGD in a patient with SSc-RA overlap syndrome requires highly rapid and active management because of poor peripheral circulation in SSc. Although PNGD with SSc-RA overlap syndrome is very rare, clinical awareness of this combination is important to prevent aggravation of ulceration.

Usefulness of Electrocardiogram-based Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Asians Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Preliminary Investigation

( Jeong-hyun Choi ),( Eunsil Shin ),( Jeong Eun Kim ),( Sangho Lee ),( Wonsik Ahn ) 경희대학교 경희의료원 2019 慶熙醫學 Vol.34 No.1

Background and Objectives: Preoperative electrocardiography (ECG) is performed as a screening test for heart disease. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the accuracy of ECG in diagnosing LVH is controversial. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of conventional ECG voltage criteria in screening for LVH in patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients aged ≥19 years who underwent elective surgery and had both preoperative standard 12-lead resting ECG and transthoracic echocardiography. LVH was diagnosed based on the Sokolow-Lyon index. Echocardiographic diagnosis of LVH was defined as a left ventricular mass index (LVMI) > 115 g/㎡ in men and > 95 g/㎡ in women. Results: Our study included 412 patients. LVH was diagnosed in 46 patients based on ECG criteria and in 137 patients based on echocardiographically derived LVMI. The area under the curve was 0.596 (95% confidence interval 0.51-0.69, P=0.029). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the error rate were 41.3, 67.8, 13.9, 90.2, and 35.2%, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, ECG-based criteria to diagnose LVH in Asian patients undergoing elective surgery showed low sensitivity and specificity, indicating low diagnostic accuracy of this modality. Further studies that could improve the diagnostic accuracy of an ECG could reduce the economic burden by avoiding unnecessary tests and enable accurate preoperative evaluation of patients.

PHLPP1 overexpression gastric cancer is associated with good prognosis

Sangho Jeong,Jiho Park,Taehan kim,Young-Joon Lee,Sang-Kyung Choi,Eun-Jung Jung,Young-Tae Ju,Chi-Young Jeong,Gyung Hyuck Ko,Soon-Chan Hong 대한종양외과학회 2019 대한임상종양학회 학술대회지 Vol.2019 No.2

한국 중소기업 집단의 이익정치

정상호(Sangho Jeong) 한국정치학회 2002 한국정치학회보 Vol.36 No.4

한국의 산업화 과정에서 나타난 국가에 의한 중소기업 집단의 조직화와 통제 방식을 살펴보고, 그것에 의해 규정된 중소기업 집단의 이익정치 패턴이 민주화 이후 어떤 변화를 보이고 있는지를 분석하고자 하였다. 중소기업 집단의 정상조직으로서 중기협(중소기업협동조합중앙회)을 슈미터의 개념, 즉 조직의 밀도(density), 대표의 범위(coverage)와 독점(monopoly), 중앙조직화(central organization)라는 지표를 통해 그 특성과 유형을 고찰하였다. 분석 결과 중기협이 제조업 부문의 협소한 대표에만 머물러 압도적 다수를 차지하고 있는 자영상업 및 개인서비스 부문의 조직화와 이익대표에 성공하지 못하고 있음을 발견하였다. 아울러 국가에 대한 재정적 의존과 경제 영역에서의 재벌체제에의 예속이라는 이중 종속이 활동제약의 주요 원인임을 해명하였다. 이러한 이중종속의 결과 재벌체제의 개편, 중소기업 중심 산업체제로의 재편 등 정부와 정면 충돌 가능성이 높은 핵심적 이슈를 우회하여 주변적인 이슈에 활동역량을 집중하고, 건의 중심의 소극적 활동방식에 편중하는 활동양상이 나타났음을 해명하였다. The purpose of this research is to examine the governmental organization and control system of the small & medium business group that appeared during the industrialization of Korea and the analysis on the change of patterns in the interest politics of the small & medium business group prescribed by the government. This research goes into the characteristics and styles of the KFSB(Korea Federation of Small & Medium Business), the summit organization of Korean small & medium business groups, utilizing Schmitter's concept on the density of the organization, the coverage & monopoly of the representatives, and central organization. This research reveals that the KFSB failed in the organization of and the representation of the interests of the independent enterprises & private service business sector, which is the major sector of Korean enterprises. This is because the KFSB has stayed in status as the minor representative of the manufacturing industry sector. This research, also explained that the KFSB's duplicate subordination system, the financial reliance on the government and a subordinate position to the 'chaebol' was the key factor restricting the KFSB's activities. It is also indicated that the KFSB has focused their abilities and resources on passive activities such as the recommendations and on circumstantial (I do not understand what is trying to be expressed here. Circumferential is not a common word used in this area.) issues and avoiding the core issues like the reform of the 'chaebol' system or the reorganization of the small & medium business centered system, as a result of the duplicate subordination system of KFSB.

한국의 ‘지역의 사회적 협의’에 관한 연구

정상호(Sangho Jeong) 한국NGO학회 2020 NGO연구 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구는 지금까지 지역의 사회적 협의에 관한 체계적인 연구가 부족했던 상황에서 지역의 사회적 협의의 현황을 파악하고, 그것의 과제와 해결 방안을 제시하였다. 한편, 본 연구는 노사민정협의회의 발전 과정을 기준으로 사회적 협의를 대략 세 단계로 구분하였다. 형성기(1998-2007)의 사회적 협의는 지방자치제가 아직 안착하지 못해 노사문제에 대한 중앙정부의 권한이 압도하였으며, 노사정협의회를 제외하고는 지역 내 이해관계자들의 관심이 대체로 저조했다. 특징적인 점은 노동이나 일자리보다는 오히려 지방 의제 21, 지역혁신협의회, 마을 만들기 등 다양한 지역 단위의 협의 기구들이 우후죽순 생겨났다는 점과 노사갈등 관리 차원의 사회적 협의가 처음으로 등장하였다는 점이다. 이어 정부 주도 및 사업 중심의 양적 확대기(2008-2016)는 2008년 경제위기 이후 노사공동훈련사업 등 일자리 사업으로 재도약하며 활성화되었으나 사업과 성과에 매몰되어 사회적 협의가 다소 형식화되었던 시기이다. 그렇지만 <노사관계발전지원에 관한 법률(약칭: 노사관계발전법)> 제정(2010)이라는 중요한 법적･제도적 정비와 개선이 있었다. 이 법의 제정으로 ‘노사정에서 노사민정으로 주체가 확대’되었고, 지역이 고용정책을 담당할 수 있는 법률적 근거를 갖게 되었다. 마지막은 다원적 실험기(2017-현재)인데, 이 시기의 가장 큰 특징은 일자리 창출을 놓고 전국 모든 지방자치단체가 팔을 걷고 나섰다는 점이다. 이를 효과적으로 추진하기 위해 서울을 시작으로 광주, 경기, 충남, 대구에서 노동정책 또는 노동 행정을 지방정부의 권한으로 인식하여 조직을 개편하는 사례가 늘고 있다. 아울러, 이 시기의 가장 성공적인 사회적 협의의 지역 사례인 광주(협력적･수평적 거버넌스), 부천(사회자본 모델), 군산(지역 주도 위기 극복 실험)의 현황과 의의를 살펴보았다. 사회적 협의의 발전 과정에서 찾아낸 함의는 다음과 같다. 이명박 정부나 박근혜정부 같은 보수주의 정부가 사회적 협의를 포기하기는커녕 오히려 중앙(정당과 국회)은 물론이고 지역 차원에서도 중요 담론과 정책으로 이어갔다. 이것의 의미는 이미 사회적 협의가 한국 민주주의 실험의 중대한 경험이자 나아가야 할 이정표로 인식되고 있다는 점이다. 가장 큰 이유는 단기적으로는 대화와 타협을 통한 노사갈등의 해법으로서, 장기적으로는 일자리 창출과 고용안정의 채널로서 사회적 협의의 유효성을 보수든 진보든, 그리고 중앙이든 지방이든 어느 정부도 부정할 수 없었기 때문이라고 추정할 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to grasp the current status of social concertation in the local, and present tasks and solutions for it. This study classified social concertation into roughly three stages based on the development process of the local council of labor, management, citizen and government. Social concertations during the formation period (1998-2007) were overwhelmed by the central government s authority over labor-management issues as the local government had not yet settled, and the interest of stakeholders in the local was generally low, except for the Tripartite Committee. Social concertations for management of labor-management conflict have emerged for the first time. Subsequently, the government-led and project-oriented quantitative expansion (2008-2016) was a period in which social concertations were somewhat formalized as a job business such as joint labor-management training projects after the 2008 economic crisis. Also, there was an important legal and institutional improvement of the enactment (2010) of the Labor Relations Development Support Act. The enactment of this law expanded the subject from labor-management administration to labor-management civil administration and the let the local has a legal basis for taking charge of employment policy. The last is the multilateral experimental period (2017-present), in order to effectively promote job creation, there are reorganizing labor policies or labor administration as the authority of local governments in many cities starting with Seoul. The implications found in the development process of social concertation are as follows. Conservative governments such as the Lee Myung-bak administration and the Park Geun-hye administration did not give up social concertations, but rather led to important discourses and policies not only at the central but also regional level. The meaning of this is that social concertation is already recognized as an important experience of the democracy experiment in Korea and a milestone to go forward.

중학생의 또래동조성과 괴롭힘 주변인 역할행동의 관계에서 지각된 학급규준의 조절효과

정상호(Sangho Jeong),이동형(Donghyung Lee) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2016 한국교육문제연구 Vol.34 No.2

본 연구는 중학생의 중립적 및 반사회적 또래동조성과 괴롭힘 주변인 역할행동(가해동조, 방관, 방어) 간의 관계를 알아보고, 지각된 학급규준이 이러한 관계에서 조절역할을 하는지 검증하였다. 이를 위해 남녀 중학생 369명을 대상으로, 또래동조성, 괴롭힘 주변인 역할행동, 지각된 학급규준을 자기보고식 측정도구를 통해 측정하고 상관분석과 위계적 회귀분석 실시하였다. 연구결과, 또래동조성의 하위유형에 따라 괴롭힘 주변인 역할행동 간의 관계가 다르게 나타났는데, 중립적 또래동조성은 방어행동과 부적 상관을 나타낸 반면, 반사회적 또래동조성은 가해동조행동 및 방관행동과는 정적 상관을, 방어행동과는 부적 상관을 나타내었다. 또한 지각된 학급규준은 중립적 또래동조성과 방어행동 간의 관계, 그리고 반사회적 또래동조성과 방관행동 간의 관계를 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 중립적 또래동조성이 낮은 학생들의 경우 학급규준이 괴롭힘에 대해 비허용적이라고 지각할수록 방어행동이 뚜렷하게 증가하는 양상을 보인 반면, 중립적 또래동조성이 높은 경우는 이러한 증가가 미미하였다. 또한 반사회적 또래동조성이 낮은 경우에는 학급규준이 괴롭힘에 대해 허용적이라고 지각하더라도 방관행동의 증가가 작은 반면, 반사회적 또래동조성이 높은 경우에는 방관행동이 상대적으로 크게 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 이러한 결과가 학교현장의 포괄적인 괴롭힘 예방과 개입 노력에 시사하는 점을 제시하였으며, 본 연구의 의의와 한계, 후속연구를 위한 제언이 논의되었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter-relationship of two types of peer conformity(PC; i.e., neutral and antisocial) and bystander role behaviors in bullying(BRBB; i.e., “reinforcing”, “being outsider”, and “defending”) and test the moderating roles of perceived class norms(PCN) between PC and BRBB. Participants were 369 male and female students in two middle schools in Korea and were administered self-report measures of PC, BRBB, and PCN. Data were analyzed by statistical procedures such as correlational and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results indicated that the relations between PC and BRBB were different across types of PC and specific BRBB: While neutral PC was negatively correlated with defending behaviors, antisocial PC was positively correlated with reinforcing and being outsider behaviors and negatively correlated with defending behaviors. Further, results revealed that PCN moderated the relation between neutral PC and defending behaviors and the relation between antisocial PC and being outsider behaviors. Specifically, low neutral PC students, compared to high counterparts, had a higher increase in defending behaviors as their PCN was against bullying. While low antisocial PC students had only a slight increase in being outsider behaviors as their PCN was not against bullying, high antisocial PC students had a marked increase in such behaviors. Implications of these findings for comprehensive bullying prevention and intervention efforts were provided and limitations and suggestions for subsequent studies were discussed.

The In Vivo and In Vitro Effects of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Fruit Extract on Testosterone-Induced Hair Loss

Woo Min Jeong,Kang Ha Yeong,Paik So Jeong,Choi Hee Jung,Uddin Salah,Lee Sangwoo,Kim Soo-Yong,Choi Sangho,Jung Sung Keun 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.11

Due to the continuous increase in patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety, the demand for hair loss treatment and effective hair growth materials has increased. Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (TBE) reportedly exerts antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic effects, among others, but its effects on testosterone (TS)-inhibited hair growth remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of TBE on TSinduced hair growth regression in human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and C57BL/6 mice. Oral administration of TBE increased TS-induced hair growth retardation. Interestingly, effects were greater when compared with finasteride, a commercial hair loss treatment product. Histological analyses revealed that oral TBE administration increased hair follicles in the dorsal skin of C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, western blotting and immunofluorescence showed that oral TBE administration recovered the TS-induced inhibition of cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and Ki67 expression in vivo. Using in vitro proliferation assays, TBE promoted HFDPC growth, which was suppressed by TS treatment. Thus, TBE may be a promising nutraceutical for hair health as it promoted hair growth in AGA-like in vitro and in vivo models.

급성 진행성 사구체신염을 동반한 eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis 1예

김소정 ( So Jeong Kim ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ),심영섭 ( Young Sup Shim ),안정열 ( Jeong Yeal Ahn ),이상호 ( Sangho Lee ),하승연 ( Seung Heon Ha ),이상표 ( Sang Pyo Lee ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2016 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.4 No.1

Eosinophilic granulomatos is with polyangitis (EGPA) should be considered in asthmatic patients who present with severe systemic symptoms and eosinophilia. Progressive renal insufficiency can occur during the acute phase of EGPA accompanied by renovascular involvement. A 58-year-old man visited local clinic with complaints of malaise, weight loss, fever, and dyspnea. Eosinophilia was revealed in peripheral blood. Pulmonary function tests were carried out, which yielded decreased lung function with positive bronchodilator response. Kidney and skin biopsies were performed, and histological examination showed acute necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis and leukoclastic vasculitis in the skin, which led to a diagnosis of EGPA (Churg-Strauss syndrome) associated with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The patient received pulse steroid therapy with parenteral methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone. Clinical and laboratory findings improved dramatically, and remission was attained rapidly. The patient continued to be in remission for 5 months. Prompt and aggressive treatment with systemic corticosteroids is mandatory to control disease activity and to achieve remission. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2016;4:70-73)