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Lee, Won-Kyu,Lee, Sang-Yeop,Na, Jung-Hyun,Jang, Sung-Woo,Park, Chan-Ryang,Kim, Soo-Youl,Lee, Si-Hyeong,Han, Kyou-Hoon,Yu, Yeon-Gyu Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.6
Nopp140 is a highly phosphorylated protein that resides in the nucleolus of mammalian cell and is involved in the biogenesis of the nucleolus. It interacts with a variety of proteins related to the synthesis and assembly of the ribosome. It also can bind to a ubiquitous protein kinase CK2 that mediates cell growth and prevents apoptosis. We found that Nopp140 is an intrinsically unfolded protein (IUP) lacking stable secondary structures over its entire sequence of 709 residues. We discovered that mitoxantrone, an anticancer agent, was able to enhance the interaction between Nopp140 and CK2 and maintain suppressed activity of CK2. Surface plasma resonance studies on different domains of Nopp140 show that the C-terminal region of Nopp140 is responsible for binding with mitoxantrone. Our results present an interesting example where a small chemical compound binds to an intrinsically unfolded protein (IUP) and enhances protein-protein interactions.
Lee Hye Young,Park Young-Joon,Yu Mi,Park Hanul,Lee Ji Joo,Choi Jihyun,Park Hee Seok,Kim Jun Yeop,Moon Jun Young,Lee Sang-Eun 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.4
Background: The number of confirmed cases of individuals with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection increased rapidly due to the Omicron variant. Correctional facilities are vulnerable to infectious diseases, and they introduced rapid antigen tests (RATs) to allow for early detection and rapid response. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and usefulness of SARS-CoV-2 RATs in newly incarcerated people. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at correctional facilities in Korea from 9 March to 22 May 2022. The study population was newly incarcerated people who were divided into two groups. In one group, 799 paired SARS-CoV-2 RATs and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were conducted simultaneously in 522 individuals in March 2022. In the other group, 4,034 paired RATs and RT-PCR consecutively in 4,034 participants; only individuals with negative RATs results underwent RT-PCR from April to May 2022. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model. Results: Among the 799 specimens in March, RT-PCR was positive in 72 (9.0%), and among the 4,034 specimens in April - May 2022, RT-PCR was positive in 40 (1.0%). Overall, the RATs had a sensitivity of 58.3%, specificity of 100.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100.0%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.0%. Asymptomatic individuals constituted 98.2% of the study group, and symptomatic individuals 1.8%. In asymptomatic cases, the sensitivity of RATs was 52.5%, specificity was 100.0%, PPV was 100.0%, and NPV was 96.3%. In symptomatic cases, the sensitivity of RATs was 84.6%, specificity was 100.0%, PPV was 100.0%, and NPV was 33.3%. Sensitivity (P = 0.034) and NPV (P = 0.004) differed significantly according to the presence and absence of symptoms, and the F1 score was the highest at 0.9 in symptomatic individuals in March. There was a positive linear trend in the proportion of false-negative RATs in newly incarcerated people following the weekly incidence of SARS-CoV-2 (P = 0.033). The best-associated predictors of RATs for SARS-CoV-2 infection involved symptoms, timing of sample collection, and repeat testing. Conclusion: Sensitivity and NPV significantly depend on whether symptoms are present, and the percentage of false negatives is correlated with the incidence. Thus, using RATs should be adjusted according to the presence or absence of symptoms and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community. RATs could be a useful screening tool as an effective first-line countermeasure because they can rapidly identify infectious patients and minimize SARS-CoV-2 transmission in correctional facilities.
Sung-Soo Park,Hee-Je Kim,Tong Yoon Kim,Joon yeop Lee,Jong Hyuk Lee,Gi June Min,Silvia Park,Jae-Ho Yoon,Sung-Eun Lee,Byung-Sik Cho,Ki-Seong Eom,Yoo-Jin Kim,Seok Lee,Dong-Wook Kim 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.3
Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is a potentially curative treatment option for acute leukemia. We aimed to identify the comorbidity factors affecting survival outcomes after alloSCT and develop a new comorbidity index tool for predicting overall survival (OS). Methods A Korean nationwide cohort of 3,809 adults with acute leukemia treated with alloSCT between January 2002 and December 2018 was analyzed as the development cohort. A retrospective cohort comprising 313 consecutive adults with acute leukemia who underwent alloSCT between January 2019 and April 2020 was analyzed as the validation cohort. Results In the development cohort, advanced age, male sex, and comorbidities such as previous non-hematologic malignancy, hypertension, and coronary or cerebral vascular disease were significantly related to poor OS. Subsequently, a new comorbidity scoring system was developed, and risk groups were created, which included the low-risk (score ≤0.17), intermediate-risk (0.17< score ≤0.4), high-risk (0.4< score ≤0.55), and very high-risk (score >0.55) groups. The 1-year OS rates were discriminatively estimated at 73.5%, 66.2%, 61.9%, and 50.9% in the low-risk, intermediate-risk, high-risk, and very high-risk groups in the development cohort, respectively (P<0.001). The developed scoring system yielded discriminatively different 1-year OS rates and 1-year incidence of non-relapse mortality according to the risk group (P=0.085 and P=0.018, respectively). Furthermore, the developed model showed an acceptable performance for predicting 1-year non-relapse mortality with an area under the curve of 0.715. Conclusion The newly developed predictive scoring system could be a simple and reliable tool helping clinicians to assess risk of alloSCT in adults with acute leukemia.
Study on the Release of Bentonite Colloids by Clay Chip-based Microfluidics
Sang-Ho Lee,Ki Jong Jang,Jinseok Kim,Seung Yeop Lee,Jang-Soon Kwon 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1
Colloid-facilitated migration has been significantly concerned with the acceleration of the radionuclide mobility in the HLW repository. In the repository system, the compacted bentonite, which is the buffer material, could be the major source for colloid generation; hence, the understanding of colloid generation from the bentonite is the essential to expect the colloid-facilitated radionuclide migration. This study aimed to investigate the colloid generation using a bentonite-based micro-scale flow path system, which called microfluidics. In order to fabricate the microfluidics, direct milling method was applied to make a mold by computer numerical control. The fabricated mold applied to prepare the microfluidic chip by Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), in which the size of microchannel was designed to be one micrometer. Initially, sylgard 184 and curing agent mixed and stirred for 10 min, afterwards the bubbles in the paste was removed in the vacuum desiccator for 30 min. Then the paste was poured into the mold, and finally dried for 4 hours at 80°C in a dry oven. The compacted Ca-bentonite chip was prepared by the cold isostatic pressing (CIP) method with the dry density of 1.6 g·cm?3. The microfluidic chip and compacted bentonite chip were assembled by an acryl jig, the flow rate was adjusted by 20 mL syringe equipped syringe pump. The degree of colloid generation accompanied with the erosion of bentonite was gravimetrically examined after the experiment. The effect of the pH and ionic strength on the colloid formation was investigated through the particle size, stability and aggregation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first examination for the colloid generation using microfluidics; these results would give information to understand the colloid formation from the compacted Ca-bentonite in the HLW repository system.
Determination of Critical Coagulation Concentration of WRK Bentonite Colloid
Sang-Ho Lee,Jin-Seok Kim,Seung Yeop Lee,Jang-Soon Kwon 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.2
In the high-level waste disposal systems, colloids generated through the chemical erosion of bentonite buffers can serve as critical mediators for the transport of radionuclides from the disposal environment to the biosphere. The stability of these colloids is influenced by the chemical composition of the groundwater. According to DLVO theory, the Critical Coagulation Concentration (CCC) is the ionic strength at which the total repulsive force between colloids is either less than or equal to the total attractive force. At ionic strengths lower than the CCC, electrostatic double-layer repulsion outweighs van der Waals attraction, forming a repulsive barrier between particles. Conversely, at ionic strengths higher than the CCC, attractive forces dominate, leading to particle aggregation. To investigate the CCC of bentonite colloids, this study focused on Ca-type WRK bentonite. Colloids separated from a ten g/L bentonite suspension underwent centrifugation (1,200 g for 30 minutes) and dialysis (3,500 MWCO) to produce colloid samples. After adjusting the ionic strength from 0.1 mM to 10 mM, the particle size distribution was monitored as a function of aggregation time for approximately 20 days. Rate constants, calculated based on variations in ionic strength, were used to interpret the observed results. The experimental outcomes revealed that the CCC value for WRK bentonite colloids was an order of magnitude lower with CaCl2 than with NaCl. This suggests that Ca ions have a more significant impact on colloid stability, which has implications for the longterm safety of high-level waste disposal systems.